DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
1.5 ENGLISH-I
(Final Draft)
Submitted by
SHRUTI SHARMA
B.A L.L.B (Hons.)
Year – 1, Semester – 1
Submitted to
Mr. Sopan B. Shinde
Assistant Professor of English
NOVEMBER 2020
MAHARASHTRA NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY , NAGPUR
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DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
1.5 ENGLISH-I
(Final Draft) Submitted by SHRUTI SHARMA B.A L.L.B (Hons.) Year – 1, Semester – 1 Submitted to Mr. Sopan B. Shinde Assistant Professor of English NOVEMBER 2020 MAHARASHTRA NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY , NAGPUR
DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Shruti Sharma 1
st
Year B.A.L.L.B(Hons.), Maharashtra National Law University,
Nagpur ([email protected])
Abstract
"It's the study of real language use, by real speakers in real situations,"- eun A. van Dijk This paper talks about Discourse Analysis as a Qualitative Research Method. In diverse social contexts, this paper explores how language evolves and how meaning is formed. This paper will also illustrate the feasibility and purpose for the discourse to be studied. There are several different forms of discourse analysis, and a certain amount of contention is evaluated accordingly their relative merits. Also the debate is essentially divided as spoken and written discourse, and the distinction between text and discourse will also be studied. Eventually, we will discuss the fundamentals of using outputs of discourse analysis to be taken into account in teaching English. Discourse analysis can teach students how English has been used by native English speakers to connect and interact in their real social lives.
KEYWORD: Discourse, Qualitative, Feasibility, Analysis and Fundamentals.
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Richard Nordquist , https://www.thoughtco.com/, January 28, 2020
The objective of Discourse Analysis is to assist us to interpret the "problem" from a higher place and to obtain a detailed approach to the problem" and ourselves in relation to that "problem" Discourse analysis is intended to raise awareness of the secret motives of others and ourselves and thus allow us to solve specific problems, not by offering straightforward answers, but by asking epistemological and ontological question. Discourse is not created without meaning and therefore cannot be interpreted without considering context. Discourses, as well as those that are generated linguistically and subsequent, are often related to other discourses that were generated earlier. In other words, language has no set, concrete meaning, but is defined by a whole set of contextual variables: the philosophical process of the speaker, the political, social and economic context accompanying it any professional community Discourse analysis is different from other matters as Discourse research stresses the contextual sense of language, unlike linguistic techniques that rely solely on the laws of language use. It reflects on the psychological dimensions of communication and the ways in which people use language to produce particular outcomes (e.g. building morale, generating uncertainty, evoking feelings, or conflict management). Instead of concentrating on smaller linguistic features, such as sounds, words or sentences, the examination of discourse is often used to research wider areas of language.
TWO DOMAINS OF LANGUAGE
TEXT/SENTENCE AND DISCOURSE
Text is typically a written medium of non-interactive contact knowledge. Discourse, on the other
hand, may be spoken, written, visual and audio, sharing data that is immersive in nature.
Typically, both text and discourse comprise of sentence that convey information. The agent is not important to the document. The handler, though is important, because what make up conversations is that. The main distinction in text and dialogue is this. The text is therefore non- interactive in nature; dialogue, on the other hand, is diverse. The text, linguistic continuity and sentence form are studied, while the agents engaged in communication are analysed in the
discourse.
News accounts, street signs, records, etc are examples of messages, while discourse may be dialogues, discussions, experiences with audio-visual programmes, etc., something that illustrates the language's social use. Owing to the overlapping use of these two words in varied ways, text and dialogue cause diverse misunderstanding. These two, are however characteristic features of language studies and research of language. A text is not inherently interactive, while expression is specifically engaging. Hardison, Karen P.L. “Text And Discourse.” Enotes.com , Enotes.com, 6 Aug. 2011
Argumentative discourse
This kind of discourse is based on valid logic and seeks to inspire the crowd by formal
logic. Lectures, dissertations, and metaphors are examples of argumentative discourse.
Argumentative writing/reading is much like persuasive speaking. Nevertheless the claim is framed in a rational sense and is always accompanied by truth. Persuasive methods are
also used in logic.
EXPOSITORY DISCOURSE
A discourse that discusses or defines a subject is an expository discourse. This does not specifically address unpredictable occurrences or rely on an individual performer, but appears to present the following types of proposals: existential. Stative , Equative. The objective of the expository discourse is to provide knowledge on a topic, topic,
process, or concept.
Analogy, Analysis, cause and effect, classification and comparision and contrast are some classifications of expository discourse.
Qualitative Discourse Analysis
In our everyday academic endeavours, the position of debate is difficult to neglect, since it provides a framework for undertaking a comparative study and framing our opinions about various subjects. For eg, it is used to characterise the conflict both as "war against communism," or "war against colonialism," two conflicting discourses about the syrian civil war today. On the other hand, it may be considered as "war against Islam," or "war for humanity." Therefore both discourses have a different style, language.
Discourse is the full structure by which individuals connect, the broadest understanding of what we call 'words.' It encompasses both literary, verbal and non-verbal speech, as well as the larger social ideas underpinning what phrase means and how it evolves. Looking at non-verbal communication can be exciting: the facial gestures and hand motions of individuals are an essential part of how people communicate in the context. Yet language is also a diverse part of society, and language is a variable part of culture as well.
Importance and Usage of Discourse Analysis
Our vocabulary often seeks a clear reply as we use it, according to discourse analysts. It's typically a subconscious approach (i.e. an implicit decision), which makes it fascinating for a linguist. Consider the way, for example, these two typical utterances are conveyed: (a)"Are you sure you want to go out?" (b)"How come you want to go out?" As you can see the same question relates to both a and b). If you were to suggest expression a), however, then the likely outcome you'd be looking for would have been for the individual you're referencing to not go out. By contrast, statement (b) would be less demanding; rather than a deterrent device, it is more of an actual query. We evaluate and examine all those characteristics that are part of the overall communicative act in discourse analysis: meaning of utterance, partnerships, discourse mode.