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Disease Cards 21-28.., Lecture notes of Microbiology

Riverside Community CollegeMicrobiology

RCC disease cards for quiz and exam

Typology: Lecture notes

2019/2020

Uploaded on 04/03/2026

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21. Pseudomonad infections: skin, swimmers ear, lung P. aeruginosa
Gram-, single polar flagellum, aerobic, oxidase, catalase, anaerobic(nitrate)
2. Main Host/Tissues: RT, lower RT, lungs, skin, gu
3. S&S: endocarditis, bronchopneumonia, meningitis, Healthy:skin rashes, uti, external ear
infections
4. Virulence Factors: pili aid in attachment to bacterium host cell, phagocytosis resistant slime
layer for biofilms, enzyme degrade tissue, exotoxin damage neutrophils/lymphocytes, LPS layer
cause septic shock, protease, amylase, pectinase, cellulase, endotoxin shock
5. Res/Trans: Res: sponges, washcloths, swimming pool, contact lenses, dirts, soil Trans: direct
contact, integumentary, droplets, fomites, aerosol,
6. Diagnosis: lab identification, grape-like odor, blue pus, pyocyanin (blue-green /
greenish-yellow), fluorescence, odor
7. Prev/TX: 3rd generation cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, carbenicillin, polymyxin,
quinolones, monobactams
8. Comps/Seq: Comps: Seq: Septic shock
9. Anything Else: clean up oil spills, 10%, resistant to soap/dye/disinfectant/drug/drying,
compromised with burn/neoplastic disease/premature birth/cystic fibrosis
22. Whooping Cough (Pertussis) Bordetells pertussis
Gram-, aerobic, nonmotile, coccobacillus, encapsulated
2. Main Host/Tissues: RT, upper/lower rt
3. S&S: (catarrhal stage)nasal drainage, congestion, sneezing, occasional coughing,
(Paroxysmal stage) recurrent/persistent cough, fits of several abrupt hacking coughs (whoop)
4. Virulence Factors: adhesion fimbriae molecules recognize/bind to ciliated respiratory
epithelial cells, toxins destroy/dislodge ciliated cells
5. Res/Trans: Res: aerosols, inhaled droplets Trans: direct contact, inhalation, communicable
child affliction
6. Diagnosis: biochemical tests, oxidase +, urease/nitrate reductase, citrate-, polymerase chain
reaction
7. Prev/TX: Prev: aP vaccine starting at 6 wks, 5 dose series between 2 months-6yrs, Boostrix
for 10-18 TX: azithromycin, clarithromycin
8. Comps/Seq: compromised respiration in babies
9. Anything Else: half cases occur in children birth-4 yrs, 300,000 deaths worldwide, passed
onto children
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  1. Pseudomonad infections: skin, swimmers ear, lung P. aeruginosa Gram-, single polar flagellum, aerobic, oxidase, catalase, anaerobic(nitrate)
  2. Main Host/Tissues: RT, lower RT, lungs, skin, gu
  3. S&S: endocarditis, bronchopneumonia, meningitis, Healthy:skin rashes, uti, external ear infections
  4. Virulence Factors: pili aid in attachment to bacterium host cell, phagocytosis resistant slime layer for biofilms, enzyme degrade tissue, exotoxin damage neutrophils/lymphocytes, LPS layer cause septic shock, protease, amylase, pectinase, cellulase, endotoxin shock
  5. Res/Trans: Res: sponges, washcloths, swimming pool, contact lenses, dirts, soil Trans: direct contact, integumentary, droplets, fomites, aerosol,
  6. Diagnosis: lab identification, grape-like odor, blue pus, pyocyanin (blue-green / greenish-yellow), fluorescence, odor
  7. Prev/TX: 3rd generation cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, carbenicillin, polymyxin, quinolones, monobactams
  8. Comps/Seq: Comps: Seq: Septic shock
  9. Anything Else: clean up oil spills, 10%, resistant to soap/dye/disinfectant/drug/drying, compromised with burn/neoplastic disease/premature birth/cystic fibrosis
  10. Whooping Cough (Pertussis) Bordetells pertussis Gram-, aerobic, nonmotile, coccobacillus, encapsulated
  11. Main Host/Tissues: RT, upper/lower rt
  12. S&S: (catarrhal stage)nasal drainage, congestion, sneezing, occasional coughing, (Paroxysmal stage) recurrent/persistent cough, fits of several abrupt hacking coughs (whoop)
  13. Virulence Factors: adhesion fimbriae molecules recognize/bind to ciliated respiratory epithelial cells, toxins destroy/dislodge ciliated cells
  14. Res/Trans: Res: aerosols, inhaled droplets Trans: direct contact, inhalation, communicable child affliction
  15. Diagnosis: biochemical tests, oxidase +, urease/nitrate reductase, citrate-, polymerase chain reaction
  16. Prev/TX: Prev: aP vaccine starting at 6 wks, 5 dose series between 2 months-6yrs, Boostrix for 10-18 TX: azithromycin, clarithromycin
  17. Comps/Seq: compromised respiration in babies
  18. Anything Else: half cases occur in children birth-4 yrs, 300,000 deaths worldwide, passed onto children
  1. Legionnaires’ Disease Legionella pneumophila Gram-, motile, rods, cocci-filaments
  2. Main Host/Tissues: RT, lower rt, lungs
  3. S&S: rising fever (41C), cough, diarrhea, abdominal pain,cause pneumonia, pontiac fever self limiting
  4. Virulence Factors: pili bacteria bind to epithelial cells, actively grow in macrophages
  5. Res/Trans: Res: tap water, cooling towers, spas, ponds, ponds, fresh water, aerosol formation, free-living amoebas Trans: inhalation, ingestion, nosocomial, noncommunicable
  6. Diagnosis: symptomology, patients history, fluorescent antibody staining, CYE agar, DNA probes
  7. Prev/TX: Prev: chlorination, regular cleaning of artificial habitats TX: erythromycin, rifampin, azithromycin, quinolones
  8. Comps/Seq: Comps: impaired resp, organ function, lung consolidation Seq: death
  9. Anything Else: occurs most in elderly patients w/ diabetes, malignant disease, transplants, alcoholism, lung disease, death 3-30%
  10. Typhoid Fever and Animal Salmonellosis Salmonella typhi/enteritidis Gram -, no coliform, motile, rods
  11. Main Host/Tissues: GI, small intestine
  12. S&S: typhi: asymptomatic, fever, abdominal pain, alternating diarrhea, constipation (hemorrhage, perforation, peritonitis) enteritidis: vomiting, diarrhea, fluid loss, mucosal lesions
  13. Virulence Factors: LPS endotoxin, produce capsule (Vi antigen), survive well outside of host, antibiotic resistant, septicemia
  14. Res/Trans: Res: typhi-water, food, enteritis- zoonoses, poorly cooked beef, unpasteurized milk, ice cream, cheese, rodent feces, rats, mice, poultry, eggs Trans: typhi-oral-fecal route, close contact enteritis-direct contact, ingestion
  15. Diagnosis: typhi: patients history, symptoms, rising antibody titer, isolation of typhoid bacillus enteritis: infection traced, PCR
  16. Prev/TX: Prev: wash hands, cook food properly, sanitation of food, wash fruits/vegetables, typhi:attenuated oral vaccine, capsular polysaccharide vaccine TX: ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, removal of gallbladder enteritis: fluid, electrolyte replacement
  17. Comps/Seq: Comps: removal of gallbladder, death in elderly
  18. Anything Else:0-50 cases per year, 25,000 deaths per year 40000-50000 cases per year,
  1. Cholera Vibrio cholerae Gram-, enteric coliform, comma shaped rods, single polar flagellum
  2. Main Host/Tissues: GI
  3. S&S: incubation period of few hrs-few days, vomiting, copious watery feces (secretory diarrhea), muscle cramps, severe thirst, flaccid skin, sunken eyes, 10^8 cells
  4. Virulence Factors: O antigens, H antigens, epipathogen does not enter cells/deep tissue, enterotoxin called CT (cholera toxin) binds to specific intestinal receptors, shed large amounts of electrolytes
  5. Res/Trans: Res: cold, acidic, dry environ. inhibit migration, monsoon, warm, alkaline, saline favor them, giant cargo ships, water/food by asymptomatic Trans: oral-fecal, ingestion,
  6. Diagnosis: direct dark-field microscopy, motility, immobilization, fluorescent staining of feces, rising antitoxin titer
  7. Prev/TX: Prev: proper sewage disposal, water purification, vaccine for travelers/live in endemic regions (only last 6 months) TX: intravenous replenishment, tetracycline, trimethoprimsulfa(drug)
  8. Comps/Seq: Comps: death, hypotension, tachycardia, cyanosis, shock Seq:
  9. Anything Else: several million in Asia/Africa, sporadic in Gulf of Mexico, bicarbonate loss, potassium depletion
  10. Campylobacteriosis (Campylobacter Enteritis) Campylobacter jejuni Gram-, enteric coliform, curved rods, microaerophilic, thermophilic, 1 flagellum
  11. Main Host/Tissues: GI, jejunum
  12. S&S: incubation pf 1-7 days, headache, fever, abdominal pain, bloody/watery diarrhea
  13. Virulence Factors: adhere/burrow through mucus, damage epithelium, heat-labile CJT
  14. Res/Trans: Res: contaminated beverages, food, milk, water, meat, chicken, oral cavity of birds/mammals Trans: oral-fecal route
  15. Diagnosis: fecal samples, blood samples, CCD medium, dark-field microscopy
  16. Prev/TX: Prev: sanitary control of water/milk TX: erythromycin, tetracycline, aminoglycosides quinolones, rehydration, electrolyte therapy
  17. Comps/Seq: Comps: Seq: Guillain-Barre syndrome
  18. Anything Else: 2.5 million cases, 125 deaths annually,