protein synthesis:
What is the first step of protein synthesis? Transcription
What is the second step of protein synthesis? Translation
Where does the first step of protein synthesis occur? Nucleus
Where does the second step of protein synthesis occur? Cytoplasm/Ribosome
Nitrogen bases are read ______ bases at a time. Three (
)
The bases on the mRNA strand are called ____________. Codons
The bases on tRNA are called ____________. Anticodons
What is the start codon? AUG
What are the stop codons? UAA, UAG, UGA
A bunch of amino acids attached together is called a __________________________
Polypeptide / Protein
DNA: AGA CGG TAC CTC CGG TGG GTG CTT GTC TGT ATC CTT CTC AGT ATC
mRNA: UCU GCC AUG GAG GCC ACC CAC GAA CAG ACA UAG GAA GAG UCA UAG
Protein: Start (Met) - Glu - Ala - Thr - His - Glu - Gln - Thr - STOP
DNA is located in the โ
nucleus.
โ
Transcription converts DNA into mRNA.
โ
mRNA is used to carry the genetic code from DNA to the ribosomes.
โ
rRNA makes up the ribosome.
โ
RNA uses uracil instead of thymine.
โ
Amino acids make up a protein.
Transcription takes place in the โ
nucleus.
tRNA is used in โ
translation.
tRNA uses โ
anticodons to match to the mRNA.
Proteins are made at the โ
ribosome.
โ
tRNA attaches the amino acids into a chain.
tRNA is found in the โ
cytoplasm.
โ
Translation converts mRNA into a protein.
Translation takes place in the โ
cytoplasm.
1. Three major differences between DNA & RNA:
a) Sugar: DNA has deoxyribose; RNA has ribose.
b) Strands: DNA is double-stranded; RNA is single-stranded.
c) Bases: DNA uses Thymine (
); RNA uses Uracil (
).
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3. Point of DNA replication: To create an identical copy of the DNA molecule before cell division.
