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Spring 2019
Exam # 4 (100 points) – Version A
This is a closed-book examination. Collaboration, of the use of books, notes, of handouts, is not allowed.
Please turn off and put away all cell phones, pagers, and other electronic devices. If you finish the exam
early, you may leave the room quietly.
This exam consists of 50 multiple choice questions. Select the best answer to each question and enter
your answer on a pink Scantron form. Be sure to indicate on the Scantron form whether you have version A
or version B of the exam. If you make a mistake, be careful to erase the mistake completely.
- Where in the cell does the citric acid cycle occur?
a. Cytosol
b. Mitochondrial Matrix
c. Intermembrane Space
d. Mitochondrial Stroma
- Which of the following best describes the products of the catabolism of glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) through
glycolysis and the Citric Acid Cycle?
a. 6 CO 2
+ 6 O
2
b. 3 CO 2
+ 3 H
2
O
c. 3 CO 2
d. 6 CO 2
+ 6 H
2
O
- During β-oxidation, the fatty acid chains of triacylglycerols are degraded to form many molecules of:
a. acetyl-CoA
b. glucose- 1 - phosphate
c. pyruvate
d. oxaloacetate
- In the first step of the citric acid cycle, which molecule combines with the carbons from Acetyl CoA to
form citrate?
a. Fumarate
b. Malate
c. Oxaloacetate
d. Succinate
- In the presence of oxygen, what happens to pyruvate?
a. It is converted to Acetyl CoA and transported into mitochondria
b. It is converted to ethanol to regenerate NAD+
c. It is converted to lactate to regenerate NAD+
d. It is attached to carnitine so that it can be imported into mitochondria
Spring 2019
Questions 6 - 7 refer to the following reaction:
- Which enzyme catalyzes the reaction shown above?
a. Succinate dehydrogenase
b. Succinyl CoA Synthetase
c. Fumarase
d. Fumarate dehydrogenase
- Where in the cell does this reaction occur?
a. Cytosol
b. Mitochondrial matrix
c. Inner mitochondrial membrane
d. Thylakoid membrane
- Which of the following steps or processes in aerobic respiration include the production of carbon
dioxide?
a. breakdown of glycogen
b. glycolysis
c. oxidative phosphorylation
d. conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA
- Which of the following statements best describes the process of chemiosmosis?
a. The movement of H
ions across a membrane is used to facilitate the transfer of electrons from
NADH to oxygen.
b. The transfer of electrons through an electron transport chains results in the reduction of water to
form oxygen.
c. The transfer of electrons from NADH to oxygen is used to directly drive the attachment of
phosphate to ADP to form ATP.
d. The formation of ATP depends on the movement of H
ions across a membrane.
- What are the two processes that make up oxidative phosphorylation?
a. Chemiosmosis and the electron transport chain
b. Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
c. Beta-oxidation and photosynthesis
d. Lactic Acid Fermentation and Ethanol Fermentation
Fumarate Succinate
Spring 2019
Questions 16 - 18 refer to the following figure:
- Which process is shown in the figure above?
a. Light reactions of photosynthesis
b. Glycolysis
c. Dark reactions of photosynthesis
d. Oxidative phosphorylation
- What molecule is represented by ‘ A ’ in the figure above?
a. NADPH
b. FADH
c. NADH
d. H 2
O
- Which subcellular location is indicated by ‘ B ’ in the figure above?
a. Thylakoid space
b. Stroma
c. Matrix
d. Intermembrane Space
- Which of the following best summarizes the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?
a. Water→photosystem I →photosystem II → cytochrome b6-f →NADP+.
b. Water →photosystem II → cytochrome b6-f →photosystem I →NADP+.
c. NADPH → photosystem I → cytochrome b6-f → photosystem II →oxygen.
d. NADPH →photosystem II → cytochrome b6-f →photosystem I →water.
- Where are the photosystems located in chloroplasts?
a. Outer chloroplast membrane
b. Inner chloroplast membrane
c. Thylakoid membrane
d. Stroma
Spring 2019
- Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin
cycle (dark reactions)?
a. CO 2
and glucose
b. ATP and NADPH
c. H 2
O and O 2
d. ADP, Pi and NADP
- Where are protons pumped during the light reactions of photosynthesis?
a. from the cytosol into the stroma.
b. from the thylakoid spaces into the stroma.
c. from the stroma into the thylakoid spaces.
d. from the stroma into the intermembrane space.
- What is the purpose of the Calvin cycle?
a. Synthesize Carbohydrates from CO 2
b. Harness light energy to produce NADPH
c. Break down fats to acetyl CoA
d. Breakdown carbohydrates to produce ATP
- What is the role of Rubisco during photosynthesis?
a. It catalyzes the production of NADPH from NADP+
b. It reduces 3-phosphoglycerate to form glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
c. It helps regenerate ribulose 1,6-bisphosphate
d. It fixes carbon dioxide into an organic molecule
- What is the process by which plants incorporate oxygen (O 2
) into organic molecules, releasing CO 2
as
a byproduct?
a. Photorespiration
b. Photophosphorylation
c. Phototransduction
d. Photolysis
- Which one of the following statements is TRUE regarding C4 plants?
a. They conduct carbon fixation at night and the rest of the Calvin cycle during the day
b. They incorporate CO 2
from the atmosphere directly into 3-phosphoglycerate
c. They are better at water conservation than CAM plants
d. They use two different types of cells for carbon fixation and the rest of the Calvin cycle
- Cyclins modulate the progression of cells through the cell cycle by
a. Activating protein kinases that are critical regulators of cell division
b. Directly activating G proteins
c. Increasing the production of DNA polymerases
d. Phosphorylating histones
Spring 2019
- Shown below is a diploid cell. Which stage of the cell cycle is shown?
a. Anaphase
b. Anaphase I
c. Anaphase II
d. Anaphase III
Questions 34 - 3 5 Refer to the following figure:
- The cell labeled ‘G’ in the figure above is in which stage of the cell cycle?
a. Interphase
b. Metaphase
c. Prophase
d. Telophase
- What is structure ‘C’ in the figure above?
a. Centrosome
b. Centromere
c. Cytosol
d. Cellulose
Spring 2019
- During which phase of the mitosis does the nuclear envelop begin to break down?
a. Prophase
b. Anaphase
c. Metaphase
d. Prometaphase
- One female germ cell in animals will give rise to one mature gamete (egg or ovum). How many polar
bodies will degenerate during this process?
a. One polar body
b. Three polar bodies
c. Five polar bodies
d. Polar bodies do not degenerate and are needed for the ovum to function properly
- The cell labeled ‘ F ’ in the figure below is in ______________.
a. Metaphase
b. Metaphase I
c. Metaphase II
d. Metaphase III
- How does a eukaryotic cell ensure genetic variation?
a. Lateral transfer of genetic material with other cells.
b. Promoting mutations within itself to differentiate.
c. Crossing over of genes during meiosis.
d. Cell signaling to change gene expression.
- During which two of the following stages are sister chromatids separated?
a. Metaphase I and Metaphase II
b. Metaphase and Metaphase I
c. Metaphase and Metaphase II
d. Only Metaphase
Spring 2019
- Epidermal stem cells found in the basal layer of the epidermis are examples of _________ stem cells.
a. Totipotent
b. Pluripotent
c. Multipotent
d. Omnipotent
- A fertilized egg represents a ___________ stem cell.
a. Totipotent
b. Pluripotent
c. Multipotent
d. Omnipotent
- What does a tumor do that makes it cancerous?
a. Proliferate
b. Invade
c. Kill the cell immediately
d. Proliferate and invade
