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SECTION 2: DRIVING SAFELY
Subsection 2.1 - Vehicle Inspection Video Part 2A - Vehicle Inspection Test Your Knowledge on Page 2- 8
- What is the most important reason for doing a vehicle inspection? Safety – for yourself and for other road users ANSWER: Paragraph 2.1.1 on Page 2- 1
- What things should you check during a trip? Gauges Use Senses (Look, Listen, Smell, Feel) Critical Items Tires, wheels, and rims Brakes Lights and reflectors Brake and electrical connections to trailer Trailer coupling devices Cargo securement devices ANSWER: Paragraph 2.1.2 on Page 2- 1
- Name some key steering system parts. Wheel, Arm, Shaft, Gear Box, Pitman Arm, Drag Link, Knuckle, Spindle, Tie Rod, Hydraulic Fluid Reservoir, Cylinder ANSWER: Figure 2.1 on Page 2 - 2
- Name some suspension system defects. Cracked/Broken Spring Hanger Missing/Broken Leaves Leaking Shock Absorbers Cracked/Damaged/Missing axle positioning parts (Torque rod or arm, u- bolts, spring hangers) Damaged and/or leaking air suspension systems Loose/Cracked/Broken/Missing frame members ANSWER: Paragraph 2.1.3 on Page 2- 2
- What three kinds of emergency equipment must you have? Fire Extinguisher(s) Electrical Fuses (unless equipped with circuit breakers) Warning Devices for Parked Vehicles (for example, three reflective warning triangles) ANSWER: Paragraph 2.1.3 on Page 2- 3
- What is the minimum tread depth for front tires? For other tires? 4/32” for front tires, 2/32” on other tires ANSWER: Paragraph 2.1.3 on Page 2- 2
- Name some things you should check on the front of your vehicle during the walk around inspection. Condition of Front Axle Condition of Steering System Condition of Windshield Lights and Reflectors ANSWER: Paragraph 2.1.5 on Page 2- 6
- What should wheel-bearing seals be checked for? Leaks ANSWER: Paragraph 2.1.5 on Page 2- 6
- How many red reflective triangles should you carry? 3 ANSWER: Paragraph 2.1.5 on Page 2- 5
- How do you test hydraulic brakes for leaks? Pump X 3, Hold 5 seconds ANSWER: Paragraph 2.1.5 on Page 2- 7
- Why put the starter switch key in your pocket during the pre-trip inspection? So someone won’t move the vehicle while you are checking underneath it ANSWER: Paragraph 2.1.5 on Page 2- 5
SECTION 2: DRIVING SAFELY
Subsection 2.4 - Seeing Subsection 2.5 - Communicating Subsection 2.6 - Controlling Speed Video Part 2B - Operating Techniques Test Your Knowledge on Page 2- 17
- How far ahead does the manual say you should look? 12 – 15 seconds or ¼ mile at 55 M.P.H. ANSWER: Paragraph 2.4.1 on Page 2- 11
- What are two main things to look for ahead? Traffic and Road Conditions ANSWER: Paragraph 2.4.1 on Page 2- 11
- What’s your most important way to see the sides and rear of your vehicle? Mirrors ANSWER: Paragraph 2.4.2 on Page 2- 11
- What does “communicating,” mean in safe driving? Signaling your intentions ANSWER: Paragraph 2.5.1 on Page 2- 12
- Where should your reflectors be placed when stopped on a divided highway? 10’, 100’, & 200’ toward the approaching traffic ANSWER: Paragraph 2.5.2 on Page 2- 13
- What three things add up to total stopping distance? Perception Distance + Reaction Distance + Effective Stopping Distance = Total Stopping Distance ANSWER: Paragraph 2.6.1 on Page 2- 14
- If you go twice as fast, will your stopping distance increase by two or four times? Four times ANSWER: Paragraph 2.6.1 on Page 2- 15
- Empty trucks have the best braking. True or False? False – An empty vehicle has less traction ANSWER: Paragraph 2.6.1 on Page 2- 15
- What is hydroplaning? Waterskiing on tires – Tires lose their contact with the road and have little or no traction ANSWER: Paragraph 2.6.2 on Page 2- 15
- What is “black ice”? Clear ice that makes the road look wet ANSWER: Paragraph 2.6.2 on Page 2- 15
SECTION 2: DRIVING SAFELY
Subsection 2.9 – Distracted Driving Subsection 2.10 – Aggressive Drivers/Road Rage Test Your Knowledge on Page 2 - 24
- What are some tips to follow so you won’t become a distracted driver? Review and be familiar with all safety and usage features on any in- vehicle electronics, including your wireless or cell phone Pre-program radio stations Pre-load favorite CDs or cassette tapes Clear the vehicle of any unnecessary objects Review maps and plan route before you begin driving Adjust all mirrors for best all-round visibility before you start your trip Don’t attempt to read or write while you drive Avoid smoking, eating, and drinking while you drive Don’t engage in complex or emotionally intense conversations with other occupants ANSWER: Paragraph 2.9.1 on Page 2- 23
- How do you use in-vehicle communications equipment cautiously? If possible, turn cell phone off Position the cell phone within easy reach Pre-program cell phone with commonly called numbers If you must call, find a safe place to pull off road Hands-free devices are unsafe when moving down the road Keep conversations short Hang up in tricky traffic situations Do not use equipment when approaching locations with heavy traffic, road construction, heavy pedestrian traffic, or severe weather conditions Do not type or read messages on satellite system while driving ANSWER: Paragraph 2.9.2 on Page 2- 23
- How do you recognize a distracted driver? Vehicles that may drift over the lane divider lines or within their own lane Vehicles traveling at inconsistent speeds
Drivers who are preoccupied with maps, food, cigarettes, cell phones, or other objects Drivers who appear to be involved in conversations with their passengers ANSWER: Paragraph 2.9.3 on Page 2- 23
- What is the difference between aggressive driving and road rage? Aggressive driving is the act of operating a motor vehicle in a selfish, bold, or pushy manner, without regard for the rights of others. Road rage is operating a motor vehicle with the intent of doing harm to others or physically assaulting a driver or their vehicle. ANSWER: Paragraph 2.10.1 on Page 2- 24
- What should you do when confronted with an aggressive driver? Make every attempt to get out of their way Do not challenge them by speeding up or attempting to hold-your-own in your travel lane Avoid eye contact Ignore gestures and refuse to react to them Report aggressive drivers to the appropriate authorities with vehicle description, license number, location, and, if possible, direction of travel Use cell phone, safely, to call police If aggressive driver is involved in a crash down the road, stop a safe distance from the crash scene, wait for police, and report the driving behavior that you witnessed ANSWER: Paragraph 2.10.3 on Page 2- 24
- What are some things you can do to reduce your stress before and while you drive? Listen to “easy listening” music Give the drive your full attention Be realistic about travel time – expect delays and make allowances If you’re going to be later than expected – accept the delay Give other drivers the benefit of the doubt Slow down and keep your following distance reasonable Don’t drive slowly in the left lane of traffic Avoid gestures and keep hands on wheel Be cautious and courteous and this response will become a habit ANSWER: Paragraph 2.10.2 on Page 2- 24
SECTION 2: DRIVING SAFELY
Subsection 2.15 - Railroad-highway Crossings Subsection 2.16 - Mountain Driving Video Part 2C - Operating Techniques Test Your Knowledge on Page 2 - 32
- What factors determine your selection of a “safe” speed when going down a long, steep downgrade? Total weight of the vehicle and cargo Length of the grade Steepness of the grade Road conditions Weather ANSWER: Paragraph 2.16.1 on Page 2- 31
- Why should you be in the proper gear before starting down a hill? After speed is built up, might not be able to shift and get hung up in neutral ANSWER: Paragraph 2.16.2 on Page 2- 32
- Describe the proper braking technique when going down a long, steep downgrade.
- Apply brakes just hard enough to slow down - When speed is reduced below “safe speed”, release brakes - When speed has increased to “safe speed”, repeat 1 & 2 ANSWER: Paragraph 2.16.4 on Page 2- 32
- What types of vehicles can get stuck on a railroad-highway crossing? Low slung units (lowboy, car carrier, moving van, and possum-belly livestock trailer Single-axle tractor pulling a long trailer with its landing gear set to accommodate a tandem-axle tractor ANSWER: Paragraph 2.15.6 on Page 2- 31
- How long does it take for a typical tractor-trailer unit to clear a double track? Fifteen seconds ANSWER: Paragraph 2.15.5 on Page 2 - 31
SECTION 2: DRIVING SAFELY
Subsection 2.17 - Driving Emergencies Subsection 2.18 - Antilock Braking Systems (ABS) Subsection 2.19 - Skid Control and Recovery Video Section 2C - Operating Techniques Test Your Knowledge on Page 2- 37
- Stopping is not always the safest thing to do in an emergency. True or False? True ANSWER: Paragraph 2.17.1 on Page 2- 33
- What are some advantages of going right instead of left around an obstacle? Won’t force anyone into an opposing traffic lane and a possible head on collision ANSWER: Paragraph 2.17.1 on Page 2- 33
- What is an “escape ramp”? Separate road surface designed to slow vehicles ANSWER: Paragraph 2.17.3 on Page 2- 34
- If a tire blows out, you should put the brakes on hard to stop quickly. True or False? False ANSWER: Paragraph 2.17.4 on Page 2- 34
- How do you know if your vehicle has antilock brakes? Vehicle will have a yellow ABS malfunction lamp on the instrument panel ANSWER: Paragraph 2.18.3 on Page 2- 35
- What is the proper braking technique when driving a vehicle with antilock brakes? Brake as you would with other vehicles – use only the braking force necessary to stop safely and stay in control Exception: Straight truck or combination with working ABS on all axles, in emergency, fully apply the brakes ANSWER: Paragraph 2.18.6 on Page 2- 36
- How do antilock brakes help you? Helps avoid wheel lock up and maintain control ANSWER: Paragraph 2.18.4 on Page 2- 35
SECTION 2: DRIVING SAFELY
Subsection 2.22 - Alcohol, Other Drugs, and Driving Subsection 2.23 - Staying Alert and Fit to Drive Subsection 2.24 - Hazardous Materials Rules for All Commercial Drivers Video Part 2D - Vehicle Safety Test Your Knowledge on Page 2- 45
- Common medicines for colds can make you sleepy. True or False? True ANSWER: Paragraph 2.22.2 on Page 2- 41
- What should you do if you become sleepy while driving? Stop to sleep Take a nap Avoid drugs ANSWER: Paragraph 2.23.3 on Page 2- 42
- Coffee and a little fresh air will help a drinker sober up. True or False? False ANSWER: Paragraph 2.22.1 on Page 2- 40
- What is a hazardous materials placard? Signs put on the outside of a vehicle that identify the hazard class of the cargo ANSWER: Paragraph 2.24.3 on Page 2- 44
- Why are placards used? To warn others or the risk and danger ANSWER: Paragraph 2.24.2 on Page 2- 43
- What is “sleep debt”? When you don’t sleep enough and you “owe” yourself sleep ANSWER: Paragraph 2.23.1 on Page 2- 41
- What are the danger signals of drowsy driving? Your eyes close or go out of focus You have trouble keeping your head up You can’t stop yawning
You have wandering, disconnected thoughts You don’t remember driving the last few miles You drift between lanes, tailgate, or miss traffic signs You keep jerking the truck back into the lane You have drifted off the road and narrowly missed crashing ANSWER: Paragraph 2.23.2 on Page 2- 42
Section 3 - Transporting Cargo Safely 2
- What is the minimum number of tie-downs for any flat bed load? 2 ANSWER: Paragraph 3.3.2 on Page 3- 3
- What is the minimum number of tie-downs for a 20-foot load? 2 – One tie-down for each ten feet of cargo ANSWER: Paragraph 3.3.2 on Page 3- 3
- Name the two basic reasons for covering cargo on an open bed. Protect people from spilled cargo Protect the cargo from weather ANSWER: Paragraph 3.3.4 on Page 3- 3
- What must you check before transporting a sealed load? You can’t inspect sealed loads, but you should check that you don’t exceed gross weight and axle weight limits. ANSWER: Paragraph 3.3.5 on Page 3- 3
Section 5 - Air Brakes 1
SECTION 5: AIR BRAKES
Subsection 5.1 - The Parts of an Air Brake System Video Part 5 - Air Brakes Test Your Knowledge on Page 5- 5
- Why must air tanks be drained? To expel water and oil from the compressed air in the air brake system ANSWER: Paragraph 5.1.4 on Page 5 - 1
- What is a supply pressure gauge used for? Shows how much pressure is in the air tanks ANSWER: Paragraph 5.1.9 on Page 5- 2
- All vehicles with air brakes must have a low air pressure-warning signal. True or False? True. A visible warning signal must come on before the air pressure in the tanks fall below 60 psi. The warning is usually a red light but could be a mechanical arm (“wig wag”) that drops into your view. ANSWER: Paragraph 5.1.1 1 on Page 5 - 3
- What are spring brakes? A mechanical brake activator used as an emergency and parking brake ANSWER: Paragraph 5.1.14 on Page 5- 3
- Front wheel brakes are good under all conditions. True or False? True ANSWER: Paragraph 5.1.13 on Page 5- 3
- How do you know if your vehicle is equipped with antilock brakes? The vehicle will have a yellow ABC malfunction lamp ANSWER: Paragraph 5.1.16 on Page 5- 4
Section 5 - Air Brakes 3
- What are the maximum leakage rates? Single Vehicle 2 PSI/Minute Brake off Single Vehicle 3 PSI/Minute Brake on (Apply 90 psi or more) Combo Vehicle 3 PSI/Minute Brake off Combo Vehicle 4 PSI/Minute Brake on (Apply 90 psi or more) ANSWER: Paragraph 5.3.3 on Page 5- 7
Section 5 - Air Brakes 4
SECTION 5: AIR BRAKES
Subsection 5.4 – Using Air Brakes Video Part 5 - Air Brakes Test Your Knowledge on Page 5- 10 (This Test Your Knowledge is different from the video.)
- Why should you be in the proper gear before starting down a hill? To utilize the braking effect of the engine ANSWER: Paragraph 5.4.6 on Page 5- 9
- What factors can cause brakes to fade or fail? Excessive heat caused by using brakes too much and not relying on the engine braking effect ANSWER: Paragraph 5.4.5 on Page 5- 9
- The use of brakes on a long, steep downgrade is only a supplement to the braking effect of the engine. True or False? True ANSWER: Paragraph 5.4.6 on Page 5- 9
- If you are away from your vehicle for only a short time, you do not need to use the parking brake. True or False? False. Any time you park, use the parking brakes except if the brakes are very hot or if the brakes are very wet in freezing temperatures. ANSWER: Paragraph 5.4.8 on Page 5- 10
- How often should you drain air tanks? Drain air tanks at the end of each working day unless the vehicle has automatic air tank drains. ANSWER: Paragraph 5.4.8 on Page 5- 10
- How do you brake when you drive a tractor-trailer combination with ABS? As you always have or in other words: Use only the braking force necessary to stop safely and stay in control Brake the same way, regardless of whether you have ABS on the tractor, the trailer, or both As you slow down, monitor your tractor and trailer and back off the brakes (if it is safe to do so) to stay in control ANSWER: Paragraph 5.4.2 on Page 5- 8
