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DSST: Technical Writing
Progress reports - correct answer keeps the reader informed about activities, problems, and progress related to a large projec Informational reports - correct answer focuses on providing straightforward information Analytical reports - correct answer evaluates information, draw conclusions, and make recommendations. Formal reports - correct answer typically lengthy, require extensive research, and involve multiple writers. Informal reports - correct answer lack extensive planning or research, and they often take the form of a memorandum. Feasibility Report - correct answer help executives determine if an idea or a plan is both practical or possible Laboratory Report - correct answer Relays information gathered from an investigation of from laboratory testing Memorandum - correct answer the primary method of communication for many organizations, which organizes information by either directly or indirectly Direct pattern - correct answer Presents the main idea of the memo first and follows up with the details Indirect pattern - correct answer Presents the detail of the memo first and follows up with the main points
Inquiry Letters - correct answer Written to ask about a product, service, or procedure Claim letters - correct answer Written to express disappointment with a product or service and to request a refund, replacement, or apology Job application letters - correct answer written to accompany a rèsumè when seeking an internship or employment Resume - correct answer serves as an important tool for illustrating qualification to potential employment user manuals - correct answer written for both skilled or unskilled users of product tutorials - correct answer written as a self study guide for the users of a product training manuals - correct answer major teaching tool in vocational jobs, used to train people in a procedure or skill operator's manuals - correct answer written for trained operators of construction, computer, or manufacturing equipment for use on the job service manuals - correct answer written for repair technicians, contain troubleshooting charts for diagnosing problems instructions - correct answer steps that are required to compete a specific task who never performed a certain task procedures - correct answer instructions that act as guidelines for people familiar with a task process description - correct answer describes how something works and breaks down a process into steps or parts
descriptive abstract - correct answer included on the title page that summarizes in a few sentences the scope and purpose of the document abstract - correct answer a summary of a written document that enables readers to determine whether to read an entire article executive summary - correct answer consolidates the principle points of a report or proposal summary - correct answer a conclusion that represents the main points of the document interpretation - correct answer a conclusion that coincides with findings presented in the document recommendations - correct answer a conclusion that agrees with the purpose, evidence, and interpretation of the document parenthetical definition - correct answer uses a synonym or clarifying phase to explain meaning of an unfamiliar word sentence definition - correct answer used for complex terms or when terms have multiple meanings expanded definitions - correct answer used when extensive details Ae required about an item Table of Context - correct answer shows what is contained in a document and on what page information can be located glossary - correct answer an alphabetical listing of definition appendix - correct answer serves the purpose of clarifying information presented in the text body
Justification - correct answer margins justified on the left are easier to read headings - correct answer indicate organizational structure and help readers find information lists - correct answer useful in presenting steps, materials, and recommendations headers and footers - correct answer often includes section topic, date, page number, and title of document columns - correct answer single-column for larger typeface double-column for smaller typefaces colors - correct answer useful in highlighting sections of a document to draw attention white space - correct answer blank space between paragraphs and sections visually helps readers know when one idea or section is beginning or ending Table graphs - correct answer data organized for easy comparison bar graphs - correct answer translate numbers into shapes or colors; show comparison line graphs - correct answer shows trends and changes over time, cost, size, rates, and other variables pie charts - correct answer show parts of a whole gantt charts - correct answer show how the phases of a project relate to each other
Informational brochures - correct answer created to inform and to educate the reader Collaborative writing - correct answer two or more writers work together to produce a single document for which they share responsibility and division-making authority. Cover letter - correct answer accompanies a document, an electrical file, or other material. It provides a permanent record for both the writer and the reader. Formal definitions - correct answer a form of classification Informal definition - correct answer explains a term by giving a more familiar word or phrase Circular definition - correct answer restates the term to be defined and therefore fail to clarify it Abridged dictionaries - correct answer contains words commonly used in schools and offices Unabridged dictionaries - correct answer provides complete and authoritative linguistic information ESL dictionaries - correct answer (English-as-a-second-language) are more helpful to the nonnative speaker than are regular English dictionaries Subject dictionaries - correct answer define terms used in a particular field Direct address - correct answer refers to a sentence or phrase in which the person being spoken or written to is explicitly named Ellipses - correct answer the omission of words from quoted material (...)
Colloquial English - correct answer spoken English or writing that uses words and expressions common to casual conversation Dialect English - correct answer a social or regional variety of the language that is comprehensible to people of that social group or region but may be incomprehensible to outsiders Localism - correct answer a regional wording or phrasing Slang - correct answer an informal vocabulary composed of figures of speech and colorful words used In extravagant ways Environmental impact statement - correct answer (EISs) documents that describe the anticipated environmental effects of large-scale construction projects Euphemism - correct answer an inoffensive substitute for a word or phrase that could be offensive Idioms - correct answer a group of words that has a special meaning apart from its literal meaning. Investigative reports - correct answer offers a precise analysis of a workplace problem or an issue in response to a request or need for information Jargon - correct answer a highly specialized slang that is unique to an occupation or a professional group. Inquiry - correct answer To seek information by asking a question Non Sequiturs - correct answer a statement that does not logically follow a previous statement Malapropism - correct answer a word that sounds similar to the one intended but is wrong in context
