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Stress Changes and Seismic Activity: Dynamic Triggering and Volcano-Seismic Coupling, Slides of Geology

Alagappa UniversityGeology

The relationship between stress changes and seismic activity, focusing on the concepts of dynamic triggering and volcano-seismic coupling. Dynamic triggering refers to the phenomenon where seismic waves emitted from a mainshock can trigger aftershocks during their passage. However, most aftershocks occur after the mainshock, and it is unclear what causes delayed aftershocks in distant regions. The document also discusses how normal faulting in the apennines can promote volcanic eruptions in the vesuvius magmatic system, and vice versa, through the concept of volcano-seismic coupling.

Typology: Slides

2012/2013

Uploaded on 07/22/2013

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Stress III: Dynamic triggering
Figure from Kilb et al., 2000
∆CFF(t)= ∆
σ
S(t)−
µ
∆
σ
N(t) ,
• The magnitude of static
stress changes decay as
disatnce-3.
• The magnitude of the peak
dynamic stress changes
decay as distance-1.
• At great distances from the
rupture, the peak dynamic
stresses are much larger
than the static stresss.
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Download Stress Changes and Seismic Activity: Dynamic Triggering and Volcano-Seismic Coupling and more Slides Geology in PDF only on Docsity!

Stress III: Dynamic triggering

Figure from Kilb et al., 2000

∆ CFF ( t ) = ∆σ S ( t ) − μ∆σ N (t) ,

  • The magnitude of static stress changes decay as disatnce-^.
  • The magnitude of the peak dynamic stress changes decay as distance-^.
  • At great distances from the rupture, the peak dynamic stresses are much larger than the static stresss.

Stress III: Dynamic triggering

Time Time

Instantaneous triggering No triggering

Stress III: Dynamic triggering

  • Dynamic stress changes trigger aftershocks that rupture during the passage of the seismic waves.
  • But the vast majority aftershocks occur during the days, weeks and months after the mainshock.
  • Dynamic stress changes cannot trigger “delayed aftershocks”, i.e. those aftreshocks that rupture long after the passage of the seismic waves emitted by the mainshock.
  • It is, therefore, unclear what gives rise to delayed aftershocks in regions that are located very far from the mainshock.

Stress III: Volcano-seismic coupling - the Apennines and Vesuvius example

How normal faulting in the Apennines may promote diking and volcanic eruptions in the Vesuvius magmatic system, and vice versa.

Nostro et al. (1998)

Nostro et al. (1998)

Stress III: Volcano-seismic coupling - the Apennines and Vesuvius example

Volcano-seismic coupling?