Download Sport and Positive Psychology: Key Concepts and Models and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity!
EDKP 498 - Midterm 1 Test With
Complete Solution
What is 'Positive Psych Consulting' and its 3 components - Answer To examine experiences of happiness
- emotional
- cognitive
- behavioural What's the difference between a Sports consultant and sports psychologist? - Answer Consultants do not focus on clinical disorders, they focus on optimizing performance through psychological skills training What are the standards of conduct? - Answer A: competence B: integrity C: professional and scientific responsibility D: respect for people's rights E: Concern for other's welfare F: social justice and responsibility Define 'Personality' - Answer a systematic variation in the way people think, feel and behave What are 'psychological states'? - Answer momentary feelings and thoughts that change depending on the situation What is the Big 5 Model - Answer Openness to experience Conscientiousness Extraversion Agreeableness Neuroticism Describe the Humanistic Psychology approach - Answer a psychological approach that focuses on personal responsibility, human growth, personal striving, and individual dignity
What is Maslow's hierarchy of needs? - Answer 1. Physiological needs
- Safety and Security needs
- Love and Belonging Needs
- Self esteem
- self actualization Describe the Behavioural Approach - Answer Behaviour is primarily learned through experience. You are influenced by rewards and punishments. Self-efficacy plays a role What's the Cognitive-behavioural approach? - Answer People are active agents in shaping their behaviours and are influenced by their inner drives and environments Observation learning: monkey see monkey do What's the Biological/evolutionary approach - Answer Personality can be moderately heritable What are the 3 dimensions of an athletes desire to win? - Answer Competitiveness, win orientation, goal orientation Define perfectionism - Answer unhealthy desire to always be perfect What is harmonious passion? - Answer engaging in an activity as part of one's personal identity and for the pleasure of the activity What is obsessive passion? - Answer Rigid and uncontrollable urges to avoid guilt Define mental toughness - Answer Personality characteristics that allow individuals to cope with stress and anxiety while remaining focused on competition demands What are the 4 characteristics of mental toughness? - Answer Perseverance, presence, perspective, preparation Define 'risk-taking/sensation seeking' and 'Alexithymia' - Answer involves narrowing physical and psychological safety margins in order to chase a thrill Alexithymia is the inability to identify one's emotions and to describe these feelings What are the 3 models of coaching psychology? - Answer Coaching effectiveness 3+1Cs The coaching model
Define 'disability' - Answer a physical, mental, sensory, and/or learning impairment What's the difference between an acquired disability and a congenital disability - Answer Acquired: disability that has developed throughout lifetime Congenital: born with the disability What were found to be 4 effective coaching behaviours for parasports? - Answer 1. Trial and Error
- Fostering autonomy
- promoting independence
- knowledge of the disability What is Body-related pride? - Answer - A positive emotion that results from an individual feeling satisfied with his/her body- related behaviour or physical attributes. What's the difference between authentic pride and hubristic pride in body image? - Answer Authentic: focused on achievement and behaviour Hubristic: focused on grandiose attributes to the self What are the 3 different dimensions of body image? - Answer Perceptual
- defined by the mental representation and/or reflections that an individual has of his/her body appearance and function Cognitive
- reflecting an individual's thoughts, beliefs, and evaluations of his/her body appearance Behavioural
- related to the choices and actions people take based on the perceptions, feelings, thoughts, and cognitions they have about their body What's the Tripartite Influence Model of Body Image? - Answer theory suggests that the media, parents, and peers are key agents in the development of body image What's the Social Comparison Theory in Body Image? - Answer Downward social comparison:
- Comparing oneself to individuals who are worse off on attributes of value. Upward Social Comparison:
- Comparing oneself to others who are better off on some attributes that are valued. What's the Self-Discrepancy Theory of Body Image? - Answer - People compare themselves to internalized standards called self-guides
Define Maltreatment - Answer Acts that result in or have the potential to result in physical and/or psychological harm
What are the 4 forms of relational maltreatment? - Answer 1. physical abuse
- Emotional Abuse
- Neglect
- Sexual Abuse
occur within a close relationship
Define non-relational maltreatment and some of its forms. - Answer Relationships that are influential but less critical in terms of developing trust, safety, and need fulfillment
Can include harassment, bullying, abuse, child labour, etc..
What is Applied Sport Psych? - Answer a program or intervention that is structured and consistent in the practice of psychological skills
What is Motivation? - Answer Defined as the direction, intensity, and regulation of one's efforts
What is the self-determination theory? - Answer Individuals have 3 basic psychological needs that must be met in order to be motivated to engage behaviour.
Relatedness, Autonomy, and Competence
What can we do when motivation is low? - Answer 1. consider situations and traits
- change the environment
- involve leaders
What is the 'task matching hypothesis' in self talk? - Answer The most effective type of self-talk depends on the type of task being performed
How can we improve our thoughts/self talk? - Answer 1. thought stopping
- awareness
- mindfulness
What is imagery? - Answer Involves creating or recreating an experience in your mind
What are 4 ways that we can improve imagery? - Answer 1. change the camera angle
- use all senses
- make your images vivid
- controllability
What's the analytic model of imagery? - Answer Wants to match up imagery to individual goals/needs
Cognitive general (CG) Cognitive Specific (CS) Motivation Specific (MS) Motivation General - Arousal (MG-A) Motivation General - Mastery (MG-M)
What're the '4 Zones of Performance Model'? - Answer Tactical, technical, mental, physical
What's the PETTLEP Model of imagery - Answer Physical
Environment Task Timing Learning Emotion Perspective
What are the difference between Self-confidence, state self-confidence, and trait self-confidence? - Answer Self-confidence: the belief that you can be successful State self-confidence: depends on the situation Trait-self confidence: part of one's personality
Is momentum an illusion or reality? - Answer Consensus: It's an illusion
But research has found that it can help improve cognitive, physiological, and affective symptoms
What's Optimal confidence? - Answer Knowing you'll win but still putting in the training
Steps for Coaching Expectations and Athlete Outcome - Answer Step 1: Coaches expectations Step 2: Coaches expectations influence their behaviour Step 3: coaches' behaviour affect athletes' performance step 4: Athletes'. performance confirm the coaches' expectations
What's Ego Climate - Answer Coaches define success based on performance objectives, not good. Anxiety inducing
What's Mastery Climate - Answer coaches define success in terms of self-improvement
