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EGAN'S WORKBOOK TESTS FINAL STUDY GUIDE 2026 PRACTICE SOLUTION, Exams of Animal Anatomy and Physiology

Princeton UniversityAnimal Anatomy and Physiology

EGAN'S WORKBOOK TESTS FINAL STUDY GUIDE 2026 PRACTICE SOLUTION

Typology: Exams

2025/2026

Available from 01/05/2026

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EGAN'S WORKBOOK TESTS FINAL STUDY
GUIDE 2026 PRACTICE SOLUTION
โ—‰ Prior to starting intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB)
on a new patient, what should the practitioner explain?
1. Why the physician ordered the treatment.
2. What the IPPB treatment will do.
3. How the IPPB treatment will feel.
4. What the expected results are. Answer: 1. Why the physician
ordered the treatment.
2. What the IPPB treatment will do.
3. How the IPPB treatment will feel.
4. What the expected results are.
โ—‰ A surgeon orders lung expansion therapy for an obtunded 68-
year-old, 170-lb man who has developed atelectasis after thoracic
surgery. On baseline assessment, the patient cannot perform an IC or
VC maneuver, but has no evidence of retained secretions. Which of
the following would you recommend? Answer: Intermittent positive-
pressure breathing (IPPB) at 6 to 8 breaths/min
โ—‰ In observing a postoperative woman conduct incentive
spirometry, you note repetitive performance of the sustained
maximal inspiration maneuver at a rate of approximately 10 to
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Download EGAN'S WORKBOOK TESTS FINAL STUDY GUIDE 2026 PRACTICE SOLUTION and more Exams Animal Anatomy and Physiology in PDF only on Docsity!

EGAN'S WORKBOOK TESTS FINAL STUDY

GUIDE 2026 PRACTICE SOLUTION

โ—‰ Prior to starting intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB) on a new patient, what should the practitioner explain?

  1. Why the physician ordered the treatment.
  2. What the IPPB treatment will do.
  3. How the IPPB treatment will feel.
  4. What the expected results are. Answer: 1. Why the physician ordered the treatment.
  5. What the IPPB treatment will do.
  6. How the IPPB treatment will feel.
  7. What the expected results are. โ—‰ A surgeon orders lung expansion therapy for an obtunded 68- year-old, 170-lb man who has developed atelectasis after thoracic surgery. On baseline assessment, the patient cannot perform an IC or VC maneuver, but has no evidence of retained secretions. Which of the following would you recommend? Answer: Intermittent positive- pressure breathing (IPPB) at 6 to 8 breaths/min โ—‰ In observing a postoperative woman conduct incentive spirometry, you note repetitive performance of the sustained maximal inspiration maneuver at a rate of approximately 10 to

12/min. Which of the following would you recommend to her? Answer: Take a 30-sec rest period between breaths. โ—‰ Which of the following clinical findings indicate the development of atelectasis?

  1. Opacified areas on the chest x-ray film
  2. Inspiratory and expiratory wheezing
  3. Tachypnea
  4. Diminished or bronchial breath sounds Answer: 1. Opacified areas on the chest x-ray film
  5. Tachypnea
  6. Diminished or bronchial breath sounds โ—‰ When checking a patient's intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB) circuit before use, you notice that the device will not cycle off, even when you occlude the mouthpiece. What would be the most appropriate action in this case? Answer: Check the circuit for leaks. โ—‰ Ideally, when should high-risk surgical patients be oriented to incentive spirometry? Answer: Preoperatively, before undergoing the surgical procedure
  1. Decreased respiratory rate
  2. Improved chest radiograph
  3. Decreased forced vital capacity (FVC) Answer: 1. Improved PaO
  4. Decreased respiratory rate
  5. Improved chest radiograph โ—‰ Which of the following are potential desirable outcomes of intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB) therapy?
  6. Improved oxygenation
  7. Increased cough and secretion clearance
  8. Improved breath sounds
  9. Reduced pulmonary compliance Answer: 1. Improved oxygenation
  10. Increased cough and secretion clearance
  11. Improved breath sounds โ—‰ Which of the following is an absolute contraindication for using intermittent positive-pressure breathing? Answer: Tension pneumothorax โ—‰ Successful application of incentive spirometry depends on: Answer: the effectiveness of patient teaching.

โ—‰ An alert and cooperative 28-year-old woman with no prior history of lung disease underwent cesarean section 16 hr earlier. Her x-ray film currently is clear. Which of the following approaches to preventing atelectasis would you recommend for this patient? Answer: Incentive spirometry โ—‰ In teaching a patient to perform the sustained maximal inspiration maneuver during incentive spirometry, what would you say? Answer: "Exhale normally, then inhale as deeply as you can, then hold your breath for 5 to 10 seconds." โ—‰ Which of the following is not a potential hazard of intermittent positive-pressure breathing? Answer: Increased cardiac output โ—‰ In performing the sustained maximal inspiration maneuver during incentive spirometry, the patient should be instructed to sustain the breath for at least how long? Answer: 5 to 10 sec โ—‰ In order to eliminate leaks in an alert patient receiving intermittent positive-pressure breathing therapy, which of the following adjuncts would you first try? Answer: Nose clips โ—‰ Which of the following are goals of airway clearance therapy?

  1. Help reverse the underlying disease process.
  2. Help mobilize retained secretion
  1. Fractured ribs โ—‰ Directed coughing is useful in helping to maintain airway clearance in which of the following cases?
  2. Bronchiectasis
  3. Acute asthma
  4. Cystic fibrosis
  5. Spinal cord injury Answer: 1. Bronchiectasis
  6. Cystic fibrosis โ—‰ A patient recovering from abdominal surgery is having difficulty developing an effective cough. Which of the following actions would you recommend to aid this patient in generating a more effective cough?
  7. Coordinating coughing with pain medication
  8. Using the forced expiration technique (FET)
  9. Supplying manual epigastric compression
  10. "Splinting" the operative site Answer: 1. Coordinating coughing with pain medication
  11. Using the forced expiration technique (FET)
  12. "Splinting" the operative site

โ—‰ What are the best documented preventive uses of airway clearance therapy?

  1. Prevent retained secretions in the acutely ill
  2. Maintain lung function in cystic fibrosis.
  3. Prevent postoperative pulmonary complications. Answer: 1. Prevent retained secretions in the acutely ill
  4. Maintain lung function in cystic fibrosis. โ—‰ While reviewing the chart of a patient receiving postural drainage therapy, you notice that the patient tends to undergo mild desaturation during therapy (a drop in SpO2 from 93% to 89% to 90%). Which of the following would you recommend to manage this problem? Answer: Increase the patient's FiO2 during therapy. โ—‰ Which of the following should be considered when selecting an airway clearance strategy?
  5. Patient's goals, motivation, and preferences
  6. Effectiveness and limitations of technique or method
  7. Patient's age, ability to learn, and tendency to fatigue
  8. Need for assistants, equipment, and cost Answer: 1. Patient's goals, motivation, and preferences
  9. Effectiveness and limitations of technique or method
  10. Patient's age, ability to learn, and tendency to fatigue
  11. Need for assistants, equipment, and cost
  1. Expulsion โ—‰ Which of the following conditions are associated with chronic production of large volumes of sputum?
  2. Bronchiectasis
  3. Pulmonary fibrosis
  4. Cystic fibrosis
  5. Chronic bronchitis Answer: 1. Bronchiectasis
  6. Cystic fibrosis
  7. Chronic bronchitis โ—‰ Conditions that can lead to bronchiectasis include which of the following?
  8. Chronic airway infection
  9. Muscular dystrophy
  10. Foreign body aspiration
  11. Obliterative bronchiolitis Answer: 1. Chronic airway infection
  12. Foreign body aspiration
  13. Obliterative bronchiolitis โ—‰ In which of the following patients would you consider modifying any head-down positions used for postural drainage?
  1. A patient with unstable blood pressure
  2. A patient with a cerebrovascular disorder
  3. A patient with systemic hypertension
  4. A patient with orthopnea Answer: 1. A patient with unstable blood pressure
  5. A patient with a cerebrovascular disorder
  6. A patient with systemic hypertension
  7. A patient with orthopnea โ—‰ A nurse explains to you that a certain neuromuscular patient cannot develop a good cough. Which of the following would you consider to manage this patient's clearance problem?
  8. Combining manual chest compression with suctioning
  9. Coordinating the coughing regimen with pain medication
  10. Using the autogenic drainage method
  11. Using mechanical insufflation-exsufflation Answer: 1. Combining manual chest compression with suctioning
  12. Using mechanical insufflation-exsufflation โ—‰ Properly performed chest vibration is applied at what point? Answer: Throughout expiration โ—‰ What factors can hinder effective coughing?

โ—‰ The application of gravity to achieve specific clinical objectives in respiratory care best describes which of the following? Answer: Postural drainage therapy โ—‰ In general, chest physical therapy can be expected to improve airway clearance when a patient's sputum production exceeds what volume? Answer: 30 ml/day โ—‰ Soon after you initiate postural drainage in a Trendelenburg position, the patient develops a vigorous and productive cough. Which of the following actions would be appropriate at this time? Answer: Move the patient to the sitting position until the cough subsides. โ—‰ Which of the following conditions impair secretion clearance by affecting the cough reflex?

  1. Muscular dystrophy
  2. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
  3. Chronic bronchitis
  4. Cerebral palsy Answer: 1. Muscular dystrophy
  5. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
  6. Cerebral palsy

โ—‰ A patient with a tracheostomy tube is having difficulty developing an effective cough. Which of the following phases of the cough reflex is primarily affected in this patient? Answer: Compression โ—‰ Which of the following can provoke a cough?

  1. Anesthesia
  2. Foreign bodies
  3. Infection
  4. Irritating gases Answer: 2. Foreign bodies
  5. Infection
  6. Irritating gases โ—‰ Which of the following airway clearance techniques would you recommend for a 15-month-old infant with cystic fibrosis? Answer: Postural drainage, percussion, and vibration โ—‰ Why is strenuous patient coughing during postural drainage in a head-down position contraindicated? Answer: It can markedly increase intracranial pressure (ICP). โ—‰ While checking a crash cart for intubation equipment, you find the following: suction equipment, oxygen apparatus, two laryngoscopes and assorted blades, five tubes, Magill forceps, tape, lubricating gel, and local anesthetic. What is missing?1. Obturator

โ—‰ To minimize laryngeal swelling, a physician orders "continuous aerosol therapy" after the extubation of a patient. Which of the following specific approaches would you recommend? Answer: Cool mist therapy through a jet nebulizer and aerosol mask โ—‰ What is the standard size for endotracheal or tracheostomy tube adapters? Answer: 15-mm external diameter โ—‰ What is the normal range of negative pressure to use when suctioning children? Answer: - 100 to - 120 mm Hg โ—‰ Total application time for endotracheal suction in adults should not exceed which of the following? Answer: 10 to 15 sec โ—‰ How often should patients be suctioned? Answer: When physical findings support the need โ—‰ When checking for proper placement of an endotracheal tube or a tracheostomy tube on a chest radiograph, how far above the carina should the distal tip of the tube be positioned? Answer: 3 to 5 cm โ—‰ What is the most common problem with fenestrated tracheostomy tubes? Answer: Poor positioning of the tube fenestration

โ—‰ What general condition requires airway management?

  1. Airway compromise
  2. Respiratory failure
  3. Need to protect the airway Answer: 1. Airway compromise
  4. Respiratory failure
  5. Need to protect the airway โ—‰ You are about to suction a 10-year-old patient who has a 6-mm (internal diameter) endotracheal tube in place. What is the maximum size of catheter that you would use in this case? Answer: 10 Fr โ—‰ After an intubation attempt, an expiration capnogram indicates a CO2 level near zero. What does this finding probably indicate? Answer: Placement of the endotracheal tube in the esophagus โ—‰ Complications of tracheal suctioning include which of the following?
  6. Bronchospasm
  7. Hyperinflation
  8. Mucosal trauma
  9. Elevated intracranial pressure Answer: 1. Bronchospasm
  10. Mucosal trauma

โ—‰ While checking a Miller and a MacIntosh blade on an intubation tray during an emergency intubation, you find that the Miller blade "lights" but the MacIntosh blade does not. What should you do now? Answer: Check and replace the bulb in the MacIntosh blade. โ—‰ What is the primary indication for tracheostomy? Answer: When a patient has a long-term need for an artificial airway โ—‰ What size endotracheal tube would you select to intubate an adult female? Answer: 8 mm โ—‰ You are about to suction a female patient who has an 8-mm (internal diameter) endotracheal tube in place. What is the maximum size of catheter you would use in this case? Answer: 14 Fr โ—‰ What is the purpose of the additional side port (Murphy eye) on most modern endotracheal tubes? Answer: Ensure gas flow if the main port is blocked. โ—‰ Which of the following can help to minimize the likelihood of mucosal trauma during suctioning?

  1. Use as large a catheter as possible.
  2. Rotate the catheter while withdrawing.
  1. Use as rigid a catheter as possible.
  2. Limit the amount of negative pressure. Answer: 2. Rotate the catheter while withdrawing.
  3. Limit the amount of negative pressure. โ—‰