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DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING
EEE 1 41L/ETE141L Updated By: Maria Moosa
Lab 7 : Verification of Thevenin’s, Norton’s and Maximum Power
Transfer Theorem
Objectives
- Experimentally perform Thevenin’s theorem, Norton’s theorem and Maximum Power theorem
- Perform theoretical calculations.
- Verify the experimental values with theoretical values.
List of Components: Trainer board 1 × 1K 1 × 5K 2 × 10KΩ POT (10K) Digital Multimeter (DMM) Connecting Wire
Theory:
Thevenin’s Theorem : Thevenin’s Theorem states that it is possible to simplify any linear circuit, no matter how complex, to an equivalent circuit with just a single voltage source and series resistance connected to a load. The Thévenin equivalent circuit consists of a single dc source referred to as the Thévenin voltage ( )and a single fixed resistor called the Thévenin resistance ( (^) )
Norton’s Theorem: Norton’s Theorem states that it is possible to simplify any linear circuit, no matter how complex, to an equivalent circuit with just a single current source ( ) and parallel resistance connected to a load ( )
Usefulness of Thevenin and Norton Theorem:
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING
EEE41L/ETE141L Updated By: Maria Moosa
Let’s consider as the load resistor. To find the voltage and current across this load resistor, you can follow superposition theorem. Now say your load resistance is subjected to change (i.e it varies), then each time your resistor value changes, you need to apply superposition theorem and recalculate the current and voltages. This is time consuming.
Thevenin’s or Norton’s theorem makes this easy by temporarily removing the load resistance from the original circuit and reducing what’s left to an equivalent circuit:
- Single voltage source and series resistance in case of Thevenin.
- Single current source and parallel resistance in case of Norton.
The load resistance can then be re-connected to this “equivalent circuit” and calculations carried out as if the whole network were nothing but a simple series circuit:
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING
EEE41L/ETE141L Updated By: Maria Moosa
Circuit Diagram:
Procedure:
- Measure the values of resistance using DMM.
- Construct the Circuit-
- Measure and of for circuit 1. Record in Table-2.
- Remove from the original circuit and measure the open circuit voltage Vth.
- Measure the short circuit current by placing an Ammeter between A and B. In this manner, the Ammeter will act as a short circuit.
- Replace the voltage sources with short circuits. With RL removed from the circuit measure Rth using a multimeter (place DMM across A and B)
- Record values in Table-3.
- Draw the Thevenin and Norton Equivalent circuit in Table-4.
- Construct the Thevenin equivalent circuit drawn in Table-4, measure and . Record readings in Table 2. 10.Now replace the load resistor with a POT, vary the load resistance and for each resistance value measure . Fill in Table-
Data Collection for Lab 6:
Group No. ________ Instructor’s Signature __________
Table 1: Theoretical R Measured R % Error 5K 1K
Table 2: Value Measured R % Error
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING
EEE41L/ETE141L Updated By: Maria Moosa
Table 3: Measurement Measured Calculated % Error
Table 4:
Table 5: R (^) L (kΩ) V (^) L (Experimental) P (^) L (Experimental)
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