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INNOVATIONS
RASPBERRY
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RASPBERRY
PI
B+
WORKSHOP
MANUAL
RAVIVARMAN
www.embeddedcollege.org
MANUAL
RAVIVARMAN
RAJENDIRAN
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Embedded System Raspberry Pi Manual
Typology: Lecture notes
2017/2018
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www.dreamerindia.com
DREAMERINDIA
INNOVATIONS
RASPBERRY
www.dreamerindia.com | www.embeddedcollege.org
RASPBERRY PI B+ WORKSHOP MANUAL
RAVIVARMAN
www.embeddedcollege.org
MANUAL
RAVIVARMAN RAJENDIRAN
RASPBERRY PI B+ WORKSHOP MANUAL
Introduction:
The Raspberry Pi is an index card-sized
Pi Foundation. The Raspberry Pi has a
ARM1176JZF-S 700 MHz processor,
megabytes of RAM, later upgraded (Model B & Model B+) to 512
hard disk or solid-state drive, but it uses an
Model B+ using a Micro SD.
Task-1-: Installation of OS into Raspberry Pi
There are two methods of installing OS into Raspberry Pi. By using NOOBS or directly installing
required OS.I hereby given both the methods and I prefer install OS directly.
Method-I: (NOOBS Method)
Check List: Hardware:-Raspberry Pi Board, SD Card, USB Power Cable, US
and HDMI to VGA Converter. Software
Insert an SD card that is 4GB or greater in size into your computer.
Install and run the SDFormatter
ADJUSTMENT" option to "ON" in the "Options" menu
Check that the SD card you inserted matches the one selected by the Tool
Click the "Format" button. Extract
Copy the extracted files onto the SD c
directory of the SD card. Please note that in some cases it may extract the files into a folder,
if this is the case then please copy across the files from inside the folder rather than the
folder itself.
Insert the SD card into your
Your Pi will now boot into NOOBS and should display a list of operating systems that you can
choose to install.
If your display remains blank, you should select the correct output mode
pressing one of the following number keys on your keyboard:
o 1-HDMI mode - this is the default display mode.
o 2-HDMI safe mode
cannot see anything on screen when the Pi has boote
o 3-Composite PAL mode
using the composite RCA video connector.
o 4-Composite NTSC mode
Method-II: (Direct OS Method)
Check List: Hardware:-Raspberry Pi Board, SD Card, USB Power Cable, USB
and HDMI to VGA Converter. Software
RASPBERRY PI B+ WORKSHOP MANUAL
sized single-board computer developed in the UK by the
. The Raspberry Pi has a Broadcom BCM2835 system on a chip (SoC), which includes an
processor, Video Core IV GPU, and was originally shipped with
, later upgraded (Model B & Model B+) to 512 MB. It does not include a built
, but it uses an SD card for booting and persistent storage, with the
Installation of OS into Raspberry Pi
installing OS into Raspberry Pi. By using NOOBS or directly installing
both the methods and I prefer install OS directly.
Raspberry Pi Board, SD Card, USB Power Cable, USB Keyboard,
Software:- NOOBS & SDFormatter.
Insert an SD card that is 4GB or greater in size into your computer.
SDFormatter Formatting Tool on your machine. Set "FORMAT SIZE
ADJUSTMENT" option to "ON" in the "Options" menu.
Check that the SD card you inserted matches the one selected by the Tool.
Extract the files contained in this NOOBS zip file.
Copy the extracted files onto the SD card that you just formatted so that this file is at the root
directory of the SD card. Please note that in some cases it may extract the files into a folder,
if this is the case then please copy across the files from inside the folder rather than the
Insert the SD card into your Pi and connect the power supply.
Your Pi will now boot into NOOBS and should display a list of operating systems that you can
If your display remains blank, you should select the correct output mode for your display by
pressing one of the following number keys on your keyboard:
this is the default display mode.
HDMI safe mode - select this mode if you are using the HDMI connector and
cannot see anything on screen when the Pi has booted.
Composite PAL mode - select either this mode or composite NTSC mode if you are
using the composite RCA video connector.
Composite NTSC mode.
Raspberry Pi Board, SD Card, USB Power Cable, USB Keyboard,
Software: - Raspian OS & Win32DiskImager.
by the Raspberry
(SoC), which includes an
IV GPU, and was originally shipped with 256
. It does not include a built-in
for booting and persistent storage, with the
installing OS into Raspberry Pi. By using NOOBS or directly installing
B Keyboard, Monitor
"FORMAT SIZE
ard that you just formatted so that this file is at the root
directory of the SD card. Please note that in some cases it may extract the files into a folder,
if this is the case then please copy across the files from inside the folder rather than the
Your Pi will now boot into NOOBS and should display a list of operating systems that you can
for your display by
select this mode if you are using the HDMI connector and
select either this mode or composite NTSC mode if you are
Keyboard, Monitor
Check List: Hardware: - 5MP Camera for Raspberry
STEPS:
Switch off the Kit.
Install the Raspberry Pi Camera module by inserting the cable into the Raspberry Pi. The
cable slots into the connector situated
connectors facing the HDMI port.
From the prompt, run "sudo raspi
to run a few commands to update your Raspberry Pi.
Boot up your Raspberry Pi.
Run "sudo raspi-config" again
Navigate to the "camera" option, and enable it. Select “Finish” and reboot your Raspberry Pi.
"raspistill" is a command line application that allows you to capture images with your
camera module. Below is an example of this command in use.
To capture an image in jpeg format, type "raspistill
"image" is the name of your image.
"raspivid" is a command line application that allows you to capture video
module. Below is an example of this command in use.
To capture a 10 second video with your Raspberry Pi camera module, run "raspivid
video.h264 -t 10000" at the prompt, where "video" is the name of your video and "10000" is
the number of milliseconds.
To view the image, Open file manager and right click on the image name you gave and select
image viewer.
To play the video, open Lxterminal and go to the directory where video is saved, type
command omxplayer videoname.h264.
Task-4: GPIO Interfacing – LED & Pushbutton
LED Turn ON and OFF using Python via GPIO Interface
Check List: Hardware:-1xRed LED
Circuit connection:
5MP Camera for Raspberry.
Install the Raspberry Pi Camera module by inserting the cable into the Raspberry Pi. The
cable slots into the connector situated between the Ethernet and HDMI ports, with the silver
connectors facing the HDMI port.
From the prompt, run "sudo raspi-config". If the "camera" option is not listed, you will need
to run a few commands to update your Raspberry Pi.
config" again - you should now see the "camera" option.
Navigate to the "camera" option, and enable it. Select “Finish” and reboot your Raspberry Pi.
"raspistill" is a command line application that allows you to capture images with your
camera module. Below is an example of this command in use.
To capture an image in jpeg format, type "raspistill - o image.jpg" at the prompt, where
"image" is the name of your image.
"raspivid" is a command line application that allows you to capture video with your camera
module. Below is an example of this command in use.
To capture a 10 second video with your Raspberry Pi camera module, run "raspivid
t 10000" at the prompt, where "video" is the name of your video and "10000" is
f milliseconds.
To view the image, Open file manager and right click on the image name you gave and select
To play the video, open Lxterminal and go to the directory where video is saved, type
command omxplayer videoname.h264.
LED & Pushbutton
LED Turn ON and OFF using Python via GPIO Interface
1xRed LED, 1xBlue LED, 2x330 ohms resistors & Jumper Wires.
Install the Raspberry Pi Camera module by inserting the cable into the Raspberry Pi. The
between the Ethernet and HDMI ports, with the silver
config". If the "camera" option is not listed, you will need
Navigate to the "camera" option, and enable it. Select “Finish” and reboot your Raspberry Pi.
"raspistill" is a command line application that allows you to capture images with your
o image.jpg" at the prompt, where
with your camera
To capture a 10 second video with your Raspberry Pi camera module, run "raspivid -o
t 10000" at the prompt, where "video" is the name of your video and "10000" is
To view the image, Open file manager and right click on the image name you gave and select
To play the video, open Lxterminal and go to the directory where video is saved, type
ohms resistors & Jumper Wires.
Program Code:
TURN ON THE LEDS “
#!/usr/bin/python import RPi.GPIO as GPIO GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM) GPIO.cleanup() GPIO.setwarnings(False) GPIO.setup(17,GPIO.OUT) GPIO.setup(27,GPIO.OUT) print "Lights on" GPIO.output(17,GPIO.HIGH) GPIO.output(27,GPIO.HIGH)
TURN OFF THE LEDS “
#!/usr/bin/python import RPi.GPIO as GPIO GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM) GPIO.cleanup() GPIO.setwarnings(False) GPIO.setup(17,GPIO.OUT) GPIO.setup(27,GPIO.OUT) print "Lights OFF GPIO.output(17,GPIO.LOW) GPIO.output(27,GPIO.LOW)
STEPS:
Create file “LED_on.py” with above code &
Create file “LED_off.py” with above code & save.
Open LXTerminal and cd to program code saved directory.
To run the python code “sudo python
To run the python code “sudo python LED
Pushbutton input using Python via GPIO Interface
Check List: Hardware:-1xPushbutton
Circuit connection:
TURN ON THE LEDS “LED_on.py”
#!/usr/bin/python import RPi.GPIO as GPIO GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
GPIO.setwarnings(False) GPIO.setup(17,GPIO.OUT) GPIO.setup(27,GPIO.OUT) print "Lights on" GPIO.output(17,GPIO.HIGH) GPIO.output(27,GPIO.HIGH)
TURN OFF THE LEDS “LED_off.py”
#!/usr/bin/python import RPi.GPIO as GPIO GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
GPIO.setwarnings(False) GPIO.setup(17,GPIO.OUT) GPIO.setup(27,GPIO.OUT) "Lights OFF" GPIO.output(17,GPIO.LOW) GPIO.output(27,GPIO.LOW)
with above code & save.
with above code & save.
Open LXTerminal and cd to program code saved directory.
sudo python LED_on.py” and Watch LEDS turn on
sudo python LED_off.py” and Watch LEDS turn
using Python via GPIO Interface
Pushbutton, 1x4.7K ohms resistor & Jumper Wires.
Program Code:
import os import glob import time #initialize the device os.system('modprobe w os.system('modprobe w
base_dir = '/sys/bus/w1/devices/' device_folder = glob.glob(base_dir + '28*')[0] device_file = device_folder + '/w1_slave'
def read_temp_raw(): f = open(device_file, 'r') lines = f.readlines() f.close() return lines
def read_temp(): lines = read_temp_raw() while lines[0].strip()[ time.sleep(0.2) lines = read_temp_raw() equals_pos = lines[1].find('t=') if equals_pos != temp_string = lines[1][equals_pos+2:] temp_c = float(temp_string) / 1000. temp_f = temp_c * 9.0 / 5.0 + 32. return temp_c, temp_f
while True: print(read_temp time.sleep(1)
STEPS:
Create file “Temperature.py
Open LXTerminal.
Type “sudo nano /etc/modules
Add the line “w1-gpio” and “
Type “sudo reboot” to reboot the system.
Open LXTerminal.
Type “sudo modprobe w1-gpio
Type “sudo modprobe w1-therm
Type “cd /sys/bus/w1/devices
the drivers installed.
Change directory to program code saved directory.
To run the python code “sudo
#initialize the device os.system('modprobe w1-gpio') os.system('modprobe w1-therm')
base_dir = '/sys/bus/w1/devices/' device_folder = glob.glob(base_dir + '28*')[0] device_file = device_folder + '/w1_slave'
read_temp_raw(): f = open(device_file, 'r') lines = f.readlines()
return lines
def read_temp(): lines = read_temp_raw() while lines[0].strip()[-3:] != 'YES': time.sleep(0.2) lines = read_temp_raw() equals_pos = lines[1].find('t=') if equals_pos != -1: temp_string = lines[1][equals_pos+2:] temp_c = float(temp_string) / 1000. temp_f = temp_c * 9.0 / 5.0 + 32. return temp_c, temp_f
print(read_temp()) time.sleep(1)
.py” with above code & save.
sudo nano /etc/modules”, and open modules file in nano editor.
” and “w1-therm” to install 1-wire drivers.
reboot the system.
gpio” to install 1-wire driver.
therm” to install DS1820 driver.
cd /sys/bus/w1/devices” and “ls –l” to list the installed drivers. It should show both
to program code saved directory.
sudo Temperature.py” to measure the temperature.
to list the installed drivers. It should show both
APPENDIX: 1
Linux Basic Commands:
- raspi-config – Raspberry pi setup screen
- startx – To run the graphical user interface
- lxsession – To run the graphical user interface in x
- Ifconfig – To get the network details.
- ping – Check the communication made with the host.
- ls – List the files in the
- cd – Change directory.
- pwd – Displays present working directory.
- mkdir – Makes new directory.
- rmdir – Remove empty Directory.
- rm – Removes the file.
- mv – Moves or Rename the file/directory.
- cp – Makes the copy of the file.
- cat – List the content of file(s).
- sudo – Run command as super user.
- chmod – Change file permissions.
- head & tail – Displays beginning and end of file.
- wget – Download the file from website.
- man – View the manual page.
- grep – Search inside files for given patterns.
- find – Find files in the directory.
- whereas – Find location of file.
- python – Runs the puthon programs
- lsmod – List the modules installed.
- vi,nano – VI and Nano code editor.
- poweroff or shutdown & reboot
APPENDIX: 2
Raspberry Pi B GPIO Configuration:
Raspberry pi setup screen To run the graphical user interface To run the graphical user interface in x-server mode. To get the network details. Check the communication made with the host. List the files in the current directory. Change directory. Displays present working directory. Makes new directory. Remove empty Directory. Removes the file. Moves or Rename the file/directory. Makes the copy of the file. the content of file(s). Run command as super user. Change file permissions. Displays beginning and end of file. Download the file from website. View the manual page. Search inside files for given patterns. Find files in the directory. Find location of file. Runs the puthon programs. List the modules installed. VI and Nano code editor. poweroff or shutdown & reboot – Shutdowns and restart the kit.
GPIO Configuration:
server mode.
Shutdowns and restart the kit.