Endocrine system notes, Lecture notes of Anatomy

endocrine system notes part 1 page 3

Typology: Lecture notes

2020/2021

Uploaded on 02/18/2026

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The
Endocrine
System
(Chapter
11)
1.
Maintains
homeostasis
2.
Provides
a
response
to
stimuli
3.
Regulates
growth
and
reproduction
Major
Glands
1.
Hypothalamus
2.
Pituitary
3.
Thyroid
4.
Parathyroid
5.
Adrenals
(medulla
and
cortex)
6.
Pineal
Body/Gland
7.
Reproductive
organs
(ovaries
and
testes)
8.
Pancreas
*HORMONES
are
chemical
messengers
that
act
on
TARGET
CELLS
Exocrine
Glands
-
secrete
outside
the
body
through
ducts
and
tubes
Hormone
Action
sweat,
lacrimal,
salivary
Pineal
body
Pituitary
Hypothalamus
Parathyroids
Thyroid
gland
Adrenal
glands
Ovaries
Testicles
Thymus
nymus
-gland
Pancreas
A.
Steroidal
hormones
-
lipids,
insoluble
in
water,
carried
in
the
blood
and
released
near
the
vicinity
of
the
target
cell,
attaches
to
a
protein
that
increases/decreases
translation
of
certain
proteins
that
will
change
how
the
cell
functions
outside
cell
inside
cell
inside
nucleus
steroid
hormone
receptor
binds
with
DNAmRNAmRNA
protein
B.
Nonsteroid
hormones
-
1.hormone
binds
to
protein
receptor
on
cell
membrane
2.
this
activates
an
enzyme
that
catalyzes
(speeds
up)
the
production
of
(secondary
messenger
outside
cell
inside
cell
ATP
ā˜‘inative
enzyme
peptide
hormone
-receptor
CAMP
-
active
enzyme
chemical
reaction
C.
Prostoglandins
-
act
locally,
affecting
only
the
organ
where
they
are
produced.
Ex.

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The

Endocrine

System

(Chapter

  1. Maintains

homeostasis

  1. Provides a response to stimuli
  2. Regulates growth and reproduction Major

Glands

  1. Hypothalamus
    1. Pituitary
  2. Thyroid
  3. Parathyroid
  4. Adrenals (medulla and cortex)
  5. Pineal Body/Gland

7. Reproductive

organs (ovaries and testes)

  1. Pancreas *HORMONES are chemical messengers that act on TARGET CELLS Exocrine Glands - secrete outside the body through ducts and tubes Hormone Action sweat, lacrimal, salivary Pineal body Pituitary Hypothalamus Parathyroids Thyroid gland Adrenal glands Ovaries Testicles Thymus nymus -gland Pancreas A. Steroidal hormones - lipids, insoluble in water, carried in the blood and released near the vicinity of the target cell, attaches to a protein that increases/decreases translation of certain proteins that will change how the cell functions outside cell inside cell inside nucleus steroid hormone receptor binds with DNAmRNAmRNA protein B. Nonsteroid hormones -

1.hormone binds to protein receptor^ on^ cell^ membrane

  1. this activates an enzyme that catalyzes (speeds up) the production of (secondary messenger outside cell inside cell ATP ā˜‘inative enzyme peptide hormone -receptor CAMP - active enzyme chemical reaction C. Prostoglandins - act locally, affecting (^) only the organ where they are produced. (^) Ex.