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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

 (^) Environmental Pollution can be defined as any undesirable change in physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of any component of the environment i.e. air, water, soil which can cause harmful effects on various forms of life or property.  (^) Pollution: The term pollution can be defined as influence of any substance causing nuisance, harmful effects, and uneasiness to the organisms  Pollutant :- Any substance causing Nuisance or harmful effects or uneasiness to the organisms, then that particular substance may be called as the pollutant.

WATER POLLUTION

 Water Pollution can be defined as alteration in physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of water through natural or human activities and making it unsuitable for its designated use.  Fresh Water present on the earth surface is put to many uses. It is used for drinking, domestic and municipal uses, agricultural, irrigation, industries, navigatio n, recreation. The used water becomes contaminated and is called waste water.

MUNICIPAL WASTE WATER

INDUSTRIAL WASTE

The major source of water pollution is the waste water discharged from industries and commercial bodies, these industries are chemical, metallurgical, food processing industries, textile, paper industries. They discharge several organic and inorganic pollutants. That prove highly toxic to living beings.

INORGANIC POLLUTANTS

 They include fine particles of different metals, chlorides, sulphates, oxides of iron, cadmium, acids and alkalies.

ORGANIC POLLUTANTS

 They Include oils, fats, phenols, organic acids grease and several other organic compounds

MARINE POLLUTION

 Ocean are the final sink of all natural and manmade pollutants. Rivers discharge their pollutants into the sea. The sewage and garbage of costal cities are also dumped into the sea. The other sources include, discharge of oils, grease, detergents, and radioactive wastes from ships.

THERMAL POLLUTION

 Thermal Pollution of water is caused by the rise in temperature of water. The main source of thermal pollution are the thermal and nuclear power plants. The power generating plants use water as coolants and release hot water into the original source. Sudden rise in temperature kills fish and other aquatic animals.

 Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or cause damage to the natural environment or built environment, into the atmosphere.  A substance in the air that can cause harm to humans and the environment is known as an air pollutant.

CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTION

 Carbon dioxide-this happens because of Deforestation and fossil fuel burning.  Sulfur dioxide –Due to the burning of sulfur containing compounds of fossil fuels.  Sulfur oxides- very dangerous to humans at a high concentration. Sulfur in the atmosphere is responsible for acid rain.

LAND POLLUTION

 Land pollution is the demolition of Earth's land surfaces often caused by human activities and their misuse of land resources. It occurs when waste is not disposed properly.  Urbanization and industrialization are major causes of land pollution.