



Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Prepare for your exams
Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points to download
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
its the answers for the study guide
Typology: Study notes
1 / 5
This page cannot be seen from the preview
Don't miss anything!




How are DNA and comparative anatomy used to show relatedness?
Why?
“You look just like your mother!” “He has his father’s eyes.” These comments that refer to the similari-ties between parents and their children are heard often in conversation. These similar traits are due to the genetic material that children inherit from their parents. As humans we are sometimes fortunate enough to have three or four generations sitting in a room at one time, and we can see the similarities from generation to generation. But how much do you look like your ancestors from 100 generations ago, 1000 generations ago or more? How much of your DNA did you inherit from those ancestors? What traits do you share with them?
a. How many of the organisms in the third generation exhibit one or more traits identical to one of the grandparents?
b. How did these traits get passed on through the generations from parent to offspring?
b. Describe two methods by which these traits may have been introduced into the family tree.
Extensive research has been done to find similarities and differences in the DNA sequences of different animals. This work is very difficult and time consuming, but it can help biologists determine the evolutionary ancestry of a species. For example, when investigating the human genome, biologists found that about 99.5% of the DNA sequences among humans are the same. Considering the wide variety of traits in the human population, we are a lot more similar than we are different. Humans share approximately 96% of their DNA sequences with chimpanzees, 85% with mice, and 75% with chickens.
a. To which organism, B, C or D, is organism A most closely related? Support your answer.
b. Which pair of organisms in the table is least closely related? Support your answer.
c. Which pair of organisms most likely shares a recent common ancestor? Support your answer.
Extension Questions