Understanding the Estrous Cycle: Terms, Phases, and Animal Species, Quizzes of Animal Biology

Definitions and explanations of various terms related to the estrous cycle, including estrus, estrual, anestrus, polyestrus, monoestrus, follicular phase, luteal phase, and more. It also covers the differences in estrous cycles among different animal species such as bitch, cow, ewe, mare, queen, and sow.

Typology: Quizzes

2013/2014

Uploaded on 10/20/2014

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TERM 1
Estrus
DEFINITION 1
Period of sexual receptivity, cycle, provides opportunity to
copulate and become pregnantIn heat
TERM 2
Estrual
DEFINITION 2
Adjective used to identify a condition related to estrus
TERM 3
Anestrus
DEFINITION 3
Not cycling
TERM 4
Oestrus and Oestrous
DEFINITION 4
Preferred spellings of estrous and estrus in british and
european literature.
TERM 5
3 types of cyclicity: Polyestrus
DEFINITION 5
Having a uniform distribution of estrous cycles regularly
throughout the year.
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Estrus

Period of sexual receptivity, cycle, provides opportunity to

copulate and become pregnantIn heat

TERM 2

Estrual

DEFINITION 2

Adjective used to identify a condition related to estrus

TERM 3

Anestrus

DEFINITION 3

Not cycling

TERM 4

Oestrus and Oestrous

DEFINITION 4

Preferred spellings of estrous and estrus in british and

european literature.

TERM 5

3 types of cyclicity: Polyestrus

DEFINITION 5

Having a uniform distribution of estrous cycles regularly

throughout the year.

Seasonally Polyestrus

Display "clusters" of estrous cycles that occur only during

certain times of the year

TERM 7

Monoestrus

DEFINITION 7

Having only one cycle per year

TERM 8

Two Major phases of the estrous cycle

DEFINITION 8

Follicular PhaseLuteal Phase

TERM 9

Follicular Phase

DEFINITION 9

Follicles + Estrogen

TERM 10

Luteal Phase

DEFINITION 10

Corpora Lutea + Progesterone

Cow

Polyestrus21 days15 hours

TERM 17

Ewe

DEFINITION 17

Seasonally Polyestrus17 days30 Hours

TERM 18

Mare

DEFINITION 18

Seasonally Polyestrus (long day)21 days7 days

TERM 19

Queen

DEFINITION 19

Polyestrus17 days9 days

TERM 20

Sow

DEFINITION 20

Polyestrus21 days50 hours

True Anestrus

Caused by insufficient hormonal stimuli

TERM 22

Apparent Anestrus

DEFINITION 22

Caused by failure to detect estrus or failure to recognize that

a female is pregnant.

TERM 23

The ____ and ____ phases of the cycle refer to

the changes in the endometrial thickness.

DEFINITION 23

Proliferative and Secretory

TERM 24

Amenorrhea

DEFINITION 24

Absence of menses for an extended time in women of

reproductive age.

TERM 25

4 stages of estrus: Proestrus

DEFINITION 25

Formation of ovulatory follices and estrogen secretion

Monotocus Species

Giving birth to a single offspringSingle follicle selected for

dominance

TERM 32

Polytocous Species

DEFINITION 32

Litter bearing SpeciesMultiple dominant follicles

TERM 33

Recruitment

DEFINITION 33

High FSHLow LHNo inhibin or estradiol

TERM 34

Selection

DEFINITION 34

Low FSHModerate LHLow inhibin

TERM 35

Dominance

DEFINITION 35

Low FSHHigh LHHigh inhibin

Atresia

Degeneration of follicles

TERM 37

2 Cell, 2 Gonadotropin Model

DEFINITION 37

Theca Interna Cell - LHGranulosal Cell - FSH

TERM 38

Ovulation is brought about by

DEFINITION 38

Elevated blood flowBreakdown of connective tissueOvarian

contractions

TERM 39

Hypermia

DEFINITION 39

Local elevated blood flow

TERM 40

Hormone Induced Ovulation

DEFINITION 40

Superovulated

Prostaglandin travels from the uterus through

veins or arteries and then enters what?

VeinsOvarian Artery

TERM 47

Name for reduced blood flow and is not a

primary mode for luteolysis

DEFINITION 47

Ischemia

TERM 48

____ are non-antibody proteins produced by a

variety of immune cells

DEFINITION 48

Cytokines

TERM 49

"Programmed cell death"

DEFINITION 49

Apoptosis

TERM 50

An artificial Corpus Luteum in Cattle

DEFINITION 50

CIDR

Both large and small luteal cells are ____

steroidogenic

TERM 52

Intact uterus

DEFINITION 52

CL lifespan is normal 15-17days

TERM 53

Total Uterectomy (removal of the uterus)

DEFINITION 53

CL lifespan is 148 days

TERM 54

Contralateral Uterectomy

DEFINITION 54

CL lifespan is 15-17 days

TERM 55

Ipsilateral Uterectomy

DEFINITION 55

CL lifespan is 35 days

Testosterone and Estrogen exert a _____ on

the GnRH neurons in the hypothalamus.

Negative feedback

TERM 62

Spermatogenesis consist of three phases:

DEFINITION 62

ProliferationMeiosisDifferentiation

TERM 63

Proliferation phase

DEFINITION 63

All mitotic division of spermatogonia.

TERM 64

Meiotic Phase

DEFINITION 64

Genetic diversity is guaranteed by DNA replication and

crossing over.Primary and secondary spermatocytes

TERM 65

Differentiation Phase "spermiogenesis"

DEFINITION 65

No further cell divisions take place during this phase

Proximal Centriole

Where the sperm tail attaches

TERM 67

Distal centriole

DEFINITION 67

Gives rise to the sperm tail itself

TERM 68

4 Parts of the sperm

tail

DEFINITION 68

Posterior headMiddle piecePrincipal pieceTerminal piece

TERM 69

Head Abnormalities

DEFINITION 69

Knobbed AcrosomeRuffled AcrosomeTapered Heads

TERM 70

Tail Abnormalities

DEFINITION 70

Folded TailCoiled TailDetached Head

Pheromones detected by ____

Vomeronasal organ

TERM 77

____ main parasympathetic nerve that causes

erection.

DEFINITION 77

Nitric Oxide