Download Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development: Stages, Terms, and Perspective-Taking and more Quizzes Teaching method in PDF only on Docsity!
Piaget
Developmental view of how we construct knowledge, constructivist perspective TERM 2
Four Stages
DEFINITION 2 Sensorimotor, pre operational, concrete operational, formal operational TERM 3
Sensorimotor Stage
DEFINITION 3 Birth-2 years, object permanence develops, basic motor skills, trial-and-error for basic tasks TERM 4
Preoperational stage
DEFINITION 4 2-7 years, imagination/make believe, intuitive reasoning, questions TERM 5
Conservation
DEFINITION 5 the idea that some characteristic of an object stays the same even though the object might change in appearance
Concrete Operational
7-11, develop conservation, able to see other viewpoints, more logical thinking TERM 7
Formal Operational
DEFINITION 7 11+, Abstract thinking, imagine possibilities, make predictions/deductive reasoning TERM 8
Theory of Mind
DEFINITION 8 Our understanding of our own and others thoughts, desires, emotions etc., imagine what other people are thinking TERM 9
Young children (2-3)
DEFINITION 9 understand mental states: perceptions, desires, emotions TERM 10
Older children (4-5)
DEFINITION 10 understand that the mind can represent events accurately or inaccurately, but still limited to the above mental states
Third-Party Perspective-Taking
Age 10-15, children can step outside a two person situation and imagine how the self and other are viewed form the point of a third party (impartial view) TERM 17
Societal Perspective-Taking
DEFINITION 17 14-adult, individuals understand that third-party perspective- taking can be influenced by one or more systems of larger societal values TERM 18
Pseudostupidity
DEFINITION 18 Sometimes teens get so good at seeing multiple perspectives that they have trouble solving problems. They quickly come to the most obvious elution, but then they second guess themselves. They start to imagine all the other ways a person might interpret a question or task, and can't decide how to answer TERM 19
Argumentativeness
DEFINITION 19 Teens are the ultimate devils advocate in an argument They often take an opposing side dimly because they can imagine it. THis is a by-product of perspective-taking. They might not even believe in the side they're taking, but if they can imagine another side, they'll take it. TERM 20
Imaginary Audience
DEFINITION 20 When older children and teens finally realize that people might be thinking about them, they become a bit obsessed. They imagine that people are watching them constantly; that every little flow has been noticed or catalogued by everyone in the world.
I-Self
birth-15 months, a sense of self as whole unit, separate from the world TERM 22
Self awareness
DEFINITION 22 realization of self as a distinct being, shown in the rogue test TERM 23
Me-Self
DEFINITION 23 15-30 months, what we know think and feel about ourselves TERM 24
Self-definitions
DEFINITION 24 cluster of characteristics used to describe oneself TERM 25
Single representations
DEFINITION 25 young children define themselves in very individual terms
Sex
a matter of biology TERM 32
Gender identity
DEFINITION 32 defined as the awareness of one's femaleness or maleness and what it implies in a particular society TERM 33
Expectancy
DEFINITION 33 At a young age, all kids (regardless of gender expect to do well) but decline over time in regards to specific subjects by adolescents TERM 34
Value
DEFINITION 34 starts at relatively level field in early elementary school but by the end of elementary school, see differences
