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Philosophy 240 notes about existentialism
Typology: Lecture notes
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● XF seizes alienation ○ Alienation frees us from immediacy ○ Freedom is not a given; nothing is “given” ● “The real emancipatory potential of technology remains unrealized” ● The “different” folk among us must not praise nature due to how it makes them different ● Xenofeminism must be rational ● Xenofeminism is about more than digital self-defence and freedom from patriarchal networks. We want to cultivate the exercise of positive freedom—freedom-to rather than simply freedom-from—and urge feminists to equip themselves with the skills to redeploy existing technologies and invent novel cognitive and material tools in the service of common ends. ● “XF rejects illusion and melancholy as political inhibitors” ○ melancholy—so endemic to the left—teaches us that emancipation is an extinct species to be wept over and that blips of negation are the best we can hope for. At its worst, such an attitude generates nothing but political lassitude, and at its best, installs an atmosphere of pervasive despair which too often degenerates into factionalism and petty moralizing. ○ The malady of melancholia only compounds political inertia, and—under the guise of being realistic—relinquishes all hope of calibrating the world otherwise. ● “While having (perhaps) admirably expanded thresholds of ‘tolerance’, too often we are told to seek solace in unfreedom, staking claims on being ‘born’ this way, as if offering an excuse with nature’s blessing. “ ○ When comparing fighting for and obtaining better standards or learning to live happily with lower standards, is one truly better than the other? Do they truly end up equivalent? ○ ‘Gender abolitionism’: the struggle must continue until currently gendered characteristics are no more a basis of discrimination than than the color of one’s eyes. Wendy Brown - Sacrificial Citizenship ● Neoliberalism - involves economization (turning non-economic things to economic ones) ● Human capital - investing in oneself to improve ○ Example of neoliberalism - turning something standard into an economic matter; one is an “individual firm” ■ “Modern firms are not Smithian entities (Adam Smith) exchanging in truck and barter...” ● Truck system = to pay with cash equivalent rather than cash itself ■ “...nor are they Benthamite creatures simply pursuing pleasure and avoiding pain” ● Jeremy Benthamite = 1700s philosopher influenced by Adam Smith
● Democracy features equality and freedom, but this is changed under an economic sense. ● Governance : ○ has, over time, converged with neoliberalism ○ “Fusion of politics and business” ○ “Buries contestable norms and classes ● Discusses the way the higher ups are ruled in favor of by court and the working class is hurt by these rulings. ○ This is done bc if the big businesses fail, the government feels it would as well (pg. 6) ● Pg. 8: Obama’s State of the Union Address in 2013 ○ Moral/social problems were framed in an economic manner; the problems had to be tied to the economy in order to be taken seriously ○ “G.W. Bush’s infamous encomium to “shop, fly, and spend” as consummate acts of patriotism in the immediate aftermath of 9/11” ● Willingness to die = ultimate sign of patriotism ● Comparison between neoliberalism and fascism ● Occupy Wall Street / Arab Spring / Other protests “struggle to revive the image of the nation as a public thing” ● “rejected the figure of citizenship reduced to sacrificial human capital and neoliberal capitalism as a life-sustaining sacred power.” ● Oedipalization is a problem to be cautious of in neoliberal protests ○ “Don’t be too attached to what you were raised on”? ● Alternatives to neoliberal capitalism: ○ Popular uprisings are limited in terms of protest and negation, not improvement ○