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Solutions to the math 232 midterm 2 exam held at simon fraser university. It covers topics on determinants, matrix operations, and linear transformations. The solutions include step-by-step calculations and explanations.
Typology: Exams
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a.
1 2 1 2
12 12
1 det 1 det 4
2 3 2 3
23 23
1 det 1 det 3
3 1 3 1
31 31
1 det 1 det 2
b.
3
11 21 31 2
1
12 22 32
3
13 23 33 2
det 2
−
−
a.
3 3 1 3 3 2
2
det det det 0
r r r r r r
← − ← +
b. det A = 0 , so A is not invertible.
a. Because
1
P is isomorphic to
2
through the standard co-ordinate map (that is, the map
that sends the standard basis vectors of
1
P to the standard basis vectors of
2
′ ′ ← ←
C B C B
where
{ }
t t
E E
B and
{ }
t t
E E
C , and where
E = 1, t is the standard basis for
1
To solve this equivalent problem:
( ) ( )
1
3
1
3
′ ←′
C B
And so
1
3
1
3
′ ′ ← ←
C B C B
b.
1 1 4
3 3 3
1 1 2
3 3 3
←
−
C B
C B
a. A set B to be a basis for a vector space V if (i) B is a linearly independent set and (ii) B is a
spanning set for V.
b.
2 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 2
3 3 1
2
r r r r r r r r r
r r r
← − ← + ← −
← −
From the echelon form we see that the first and second columns of A are linearly
independent, thus
C
B is a basis for Col A. A basis for Row A consists of the
non-zero rows of any echelon form of A :
1,
R
B or
2,
R
B are
two possible choices for a basis for Row A. From the reduced echelon form of A , the null
space may be described as vectors of the form
s t
for any s and t. Thus
N
B is a basis for Nul A.
a. A set H to be a subspace of V if (i) H ⊆ V , (ii) H ≠ ∅ , (iii) H is closed under vector
addition, and (iv) H is closed under scalar multiplication.
b. H is not a subspace of
2
because, for instance,
and 2 is a scalar such that
. If
could be written in the form
2
a
a
, then, equating on the first
entry we must have a = 2 , but then
2
a = 4 and not 2 as required.
a. The kernel of T : V → W is the set
ker T = x ∈ V T x = 0