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ASSIGNMENT 1 FRONT SHEET
Qualification TEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing Unit number and title Unit 43: Internet of Things Submission date Date Received 1st submission Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission Student Name Le Vinh Hung Student ID GCD Class GCD1001 Assessor name Phan Thanh Tra Student declaration I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism. I understand that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice. Student’s signature Hung Grading grid
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Table of Contents
- I. Introduction
- II. Analyze what aspects of IoT are necessary and appropriate when designing software applications
- Explore various forms of IoT functionality.
- 1.1. Sensor...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
- 1.2. Microcontroller
- 1.3. Network of IoT................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
- 1.4. Cloud storage
- Review standard architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware and APIs available for use in IoT development.
- 2.1. Architecture of IoT
- 2.2. Frameworks of IoT
- 2.3. Tools of IoT
- 2.4. Hardware of IoT
- III. Outline a plan for an appropriate IoT application using common architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware and APIs.
- Investigate architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware and API techniques available to develop IoT applications.
- 1.1. Architecture:
- 1.2. Tools:..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
- 1.3. Hardware:
- 1.4. API:
- 1.5. Product Overall:
- 1.6. Product Architecture......................................................................................................................................................................................................................
- 1.7. Project Plan
- 1.8. Hardware
- 1.9. Software, API needed
- 1.10. SDLC model to do the project...............................................................................................................................................................................................
- 1.11. GANTT chart:
- Determine a specific problem to solve using IoT.
- 2.1. Person:
- 2.2. Problem:
- 2.3. Solution:
- 2.4. Overview:
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Figure 1 B. Temperature Sensors Temperature sensors measure the amount of heat energy in a source, allowing them to detect temperature changes and convert these changes to data. Machinery used in manufacturing often requires environmental and device temperatures to be at specific levels. Similarly, within agriculture, soil temperature is a key factor for crop growth.
Figure 2 C. Humidity Sensors These types of sensors measure the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere of air or other gases. Humidity sensors are commonly found in heating, vents and air conditioning (HVAC) systems in both industrial and residential domains. They can be found in many other areas including hospitals, and meteorology stations to report and predict weather
Figure 4
- Microprocessors are different than microcontrollers in their design. Microprocessors have the only CPU inside them and no in-memory support.
- Microcontrollers, on the other side, has CPU, RAM, ROM and other peripherals which are all embedded on the chip. At times it is also termed as a mini computer or a computer on a single chip. At the moment, there are tons of microcontrollers with a wide range of features designed for different use-cases. B. Power consumption in microcontrollers Microcontrollers, first and foremost need to be energy efficient for IoT products. Often manufacturers who are building microcontrollers for IoT devices, face performance and power challenges, especially for wearable and battery-powered devices. C. Network Connectivity interfaces in Microcontrollers Microcontrollers use network interfaces to interact with other devices locally and to push the data to the IoT application for any analysis. Moreover, they are designed to support one or many network protocols like Wifi, Bluetooth, Cellular networks like 2G/3G or even RFID.
1.3. Network of IoT A. Bluetooth Bluetooth is a global 2.4 GHz personal area network for short-range wireless communication. Device-to-device file transfers, wireless speakers, and wireless headsets are often enabled with Bluetooth. B. BLE BLE is a version of Bluetooth designed for lower-powered devices that use less data. To conserve power, BLE remains in sleep mode except when a connection is initiated. This makes it ideal for wearable fitness trackers and health monitors. C. ZigBee ZigBee is a 2.4 GHz mesh local area network (LAN) protocol. It was originally designed for building automation and control—so things like wireless thermostats and lighting systems often use ZigBee. D. Z-Wave Z-Wave is a sub-GHz mesh network protocol, and is a proprietary stack. It’s often used for security systems, home automation, and lighting controls. E. 6LoWPAN 6LoWPAN uses a lightweight IP-based communication to travel over lower data rate networks. It is an open IoT network protocol like ZigBee, and it is primarily used for home and building automation. F. WiFi-ah (HaLow) Designed specifically for low data rate, long-range sensors and controllers, 802.11ah is far more IoT-centric than many other WiFi counterparts. 1.4. Cloud storage More simply, cloud computing is a general service of virtualization of computing resources and applications. Instead of using one or more real servers (right in front of you, touchable, you can press the toggle button yourself), you will now use virtualized resources through the Internet environment. All data of individuals and businesses can be stored and processed online at any time via cloud computing.
- The transport layer transfers the sensor data from the perception layer to the processing layer and vice versa through networks such as wireless, 3G, LAN, Bluetooth, RFID, and NFC.
- The processing layer is also known as the middleware layer. It stores, analyzes, and processes huge amounts of data that comes from the transport layer. It can manage and provide a diverse set of services to the lower layers. It employs many technologies such as databases, cloud computing, and big data processing modules.
- The business layer manages the whole IoT system, including applications, business and profit models, and users’ privacy. The business layer is out of the scope of this paper. Hence, we do not discuss it further C. Cloud and Fog Based Architectures Cloud computing is a more flexible and scalable technique that enables different services for the IoT system. These services include information storage options, software and analytics tools, matching platforms, and the core infrastructure for development. With the cloud utility, users can have options for visualization, machine learning, and data analysis for broader information sets. Cloud-based architecture has become ubiquitous in IoT systems due to the equivalent nature of information perceived and generated as data by IoT devices. In most IoT architectures, data centralization control is performed using cloud-based data processing systems. This allows the IoT system to have a cloud-focused architecture that makes the cloud between applications and the network of things. Here, the central part is the cloud, the applications are placed above the cloud, and the network of everything is located just below the cloud.
Figure 5 In fog computing, the data processing in done in quite different way than to the cloud computing. In fog computing, a fragment of the data analytics is carried out at the sensors, and gateway networks. Unlike other architecture layers of IoT, fog architecture is also represented in terms of layers. Fog architecture has six-layered approach, these include physical layer, monitoring layer, pre-processing layer, storage layer, security layer, and transport layer. Here, physical is the one where things need to be analyzed, hence the monitoring and pre processing layers comes after the physical layer or the at the edge of network of gateways. Here, monitoring layer, performs the monitoring aspects like available resources, required services by the clients, and various responses. From these, the pre- processing layer of fog architecture helps in analyzing the data by doing filtration. Next is the data is sent to the storage layers, where it is stored in different format as required and distributed across as per the need with suitable protocols. Security layer helps in offering privacy status to the data flow. When compared to the cloud architecture fog architecture is quite advanced. 2.2. Frameworks of IoT The IoT is an important part of the broad IoT ecosystem that leverages and unites all elements of the diagram. It enables device management, processing communication protocols on software and hardware, collecting / analyzing information, improving information flow and intelligent application functionality. There are 18 IoT Framework List: KAA IoT
The SAP Internet of Things cloud platform has everything you need to build and handle an IoT application. The SAP platform provides a convenient environment to remotely manage and monitor all connected devices of your IoT system. In the SAP Platform a remote-devices we can connect directly or through cloud service. Obviously, SAP can use IoT information to create machine learning and artificial intelligence applications while maintaining recent technological trends. Microsoft Azure IoT Without the Microsoft Azure solution, a cloud service giant with AWS and Google Cloud platform, the comparison of our IoT platform will be not complete. The Microsoft Azure IoT Suite provides preconfigured solutions and the ability to personalize and develop new solutions to meet the project requirements. The strongest safety mechanisms, superb scalability and simple integration with your current or future systems are achieved through Microsoft Azure Internet of thing Suite. Google Cloud Platform – IoT framework Things can be done by Google. Google Cloud is one of the best IoT systems available today with its end-to-end platform. Google stands out from the others because it can process the large quantity of information using Cloud IoT Core. Due to Google’s Cloud Data Studio and Big Query you get advanced analysis. With the help of Google Cloud Platform, you can accelerate your business and with that, you can speed up your device. IBM Watson – IoT framework We cannot expect the Big Blue to miss the chance to make a difference in the IoT segment. IBM Watson is very popular among the internet of thing platform among developers. The Bluemix hybrid cloud- supported Watson IoT platform allows developers to use IoT-applications easily. IBM Watson manages the secure communication and also data storage. Real-time data exchange also is done by IBM Watson. Hewlett Packard Enterprise – IoT framework Hewlett Packard Enterprise’s universal business platform offers scalability for its customers by offering solutions to most of their problems. The platform provides cloud-based assistance or local support. In smart cities and the automobile industry, HPE universal of things platform was used properly. The data monetization of several businesses has been carried out by HPE. Hewlett Packard Enterprise Collects analyzes information in order to grow the company. In the Hewlett Packard Enterprise M2M device management in Single point, Single seller. DataV by Bsquare – IoT framework
The next cloud platform is DataV by Bsquare. The company is working with the best in the company, including Google, Amazon web services, and Microsoft. Bsquare takes its services seriously and has introduced the DataV application, the hybrid framework for managing your services. It offers a variety of services that predict and analyze all of your ecosystem problems. It Improves the condition maintenances. Mindsphere by Siemens – IoT framework Mindsphere from Siemens provides a cost-effective platform as a service that is ideal for application development. The cost-efficient platform allows you to connect all your appliances to a cloud solution. In accordance with the DIn ISO / IEC 27001 standard, Siemens claims every stored information is strictly confidential. You can choose open interfaces and local connectivity from the business. Allow you to regulate machine information in order to open fresh opportunities Ayla Network – IoT framework Ayla networks have developed their platform as a solution for enterprises. Agile Ayla networks have been established to support customers with the smooth establishment of services, not only to develop the product. In addition to the Ayla agile platform, AMAP is an agile mobile app platform from Ayla that develops and guides consumers through app development. The MBED IoT device platform The open source service is available on the Apache 2.0 Arm MBED desktop platform. It deals with cloud services, developer tools and operating systems, which facilitate the creation and operation of business goods. Service designed to simplify user processes. MBED OS is designed to connect all your devices like an open source platform. The platform offers services from more than 60 partners and free access to a community of 200,000 designers. You can flexibly use the services of MBED club Amazon Web Services (AWS) IoT Framework Amazon Web Services (AWS) is an IoT platform powered by Amazon. This IoT platform provides cloud, database, and security services through the AWS Console. There are many other services like Regions, Availability, and Virtual Private Cloud (VPC). It makes it easy to improve application durability, deliverability, and usability. It provides Device Identification Registration System, Safety Device Gateway, Compatible Software Development Kit for AWS devices in cooperation with HW manufacturers such as Intel, Texas Instruments, Broadcom and Qualcomm. Mocana - IoT framework
D. Device Hive Device Hive is a free open source machine to machine (M2M) communication framework which was launched in 2012. It is a Data Art’s AllJoyn based device and is considered one of the most preferred IoT app development platforms. It is generally a cloud-based API that you can control remotely without the need for network configuration. The same implies to the libraries, portals and management protocols. Mostly, it is used for security, automation, smart home tech and sensors. Additionally, it also has a dynamic community and myriads of online resources available to help you out. 2.4. Hardware of IoT A. Arduino IoT Product Line It’s impossible for the Arduino to be an unfamiliar name to anyone within the IoT space. Long before the IoT became mainstream, several of the Arduino boards were already being used to develop prototypes for connected devices. With the ease of programming and the plug and play nature of Arduino based system, it quickly became loved by many in the hardware space. The early Arduino boards, were mostly general purpose microcontrollers which were connected to the internet using GSM and WiFi modules, but as the IoT began to Open up, boards with special features that support the IoT were developed. Boards like the Arduino 101(developed with Intel), the MKR1000, Arduino WiFi Rev 2 and the MKR Vidor 4000 which is the first Arduino board based on an FPGA Chip.
Figure 6 Each of these boards was made with the IoT in mind, and they all have different features that make them more suitable for specific IoT solution. The Arduino WiFi Rev 2 for instance comes with an IMU which makes it suitable for drone based applications.
