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File Concept, File Types - Introduction to Operating System - Lecture Notes, Study notes of Operating Systems
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Android OS - correct answerAn open source operating system developed by Google and designed for mobile devices, such as smartphones and netbooks Backup - correct answerStores the files needed to recover data that's been wiped out by operator error, viruses, or hardware failures. Backup Software - correct answerA set of utility programs designed to back up and restore some or all of the files on a computer's primary storage device. Blackberry OS - correct answerA proprietary operating system produced by RIM, the Canadian company that developed the BlackBerry smartphone. Boot Disk - correct answerA removable storage medium containing the operating system files needed to boot your computer without accessing the hard disk. Boot Process - correct answerThe sequence of events that occurs between the time that you tun on a computer and the time that it is ready for you to issue commands is referred to as the ________. Bootstrap Program - correct answerYour computer's small _______ is built into special ROM circuitry housed in the computer's system unit. When you turn on a computer, the ROM circuitry receives power and beings the boot process by executing the _________. Command-line Interface - correct answerRequired users to type memorized commands to run programs and accomplish tasks Defragmentation Utility - correct answerTo regain peak performance, you can use a __________, such as Windows Disk Defragmenter, to rearrange the files on a disk so that they are stored in contiguous clusters. Desktop - correct answerIcons and windows can be displayed on a screen-based ________.
Desktop Operating System - correct answerDesigned for a desktop or notebook personal computer. Dialog Box - correct answerDisplays the options associated with a command. You fill in the dialog box to indicate specifically how you want the command carried out. Differential Backup - correct answerMakes a backup of only those files that were added or changed since your last full backup session. Directory - correct answerYour computer's operating system maintains a list of files called a _______ for each storage disk, CD, DVD, BD, or USB flash drive. Disk Image - correct answerA bit-by-bit copy of the data from all sectors of a disk. Disk imaging utilities create an exact clone of the original disk, unlike most backup software that makes file-by-file copies. Disk Partition - correct answerA section of a hard disk drive that is treated as a separate storage unit. DOS (Disc Operating System) - correct answerDeveloped by Microsoft and introduced on the original IBM PC in 1982. _____ software, such as VisiCald, used command line interfaces and rustic menus that users controlled with the keyboard's arrow keys. Dual Boot - correct answerSoftware called Boot Camp is a _________ utility that can switch between Mac OS X and WIndows File Extension - correct answerAn optional file identifier that is separated from the main file name by a period, as in Paint.exe File Format - correct answerRefers to the organization and layout of data that is stored in a file. File Header - correct answerA section of data at the beginning of a file that contains information about a file, such as the date it was created, the date it was last updated, its size, and its file type. File Management Utility - correct answerGives you the picture of the files you have stored on your disks and helps you work with them. File Specification (Path) - correct answerA computer file's location is defined by a ____________, which on a PC includes the drive letter, folder(s), file name, and extension. File System - correct answerTo keep track of the names and locations of files that reside on a storage medium, such as a hard disk.
on a UNIX derivative called MINIX, created by Andrew Tanenbaum. _______ is frequently used as an operating system for servers. It is not as popular for desktop applications as Windows or Mac OS. Logical Storage Models - correct answerThey are supposed to help you form a mental (logical) picture of the way in which your files are stored. Mac OS (Macintosh Operating System) - correct answerThe operating system designed for Apple Computer's Macintosh line of computer systems. Microsoft Windows - correct answerInstalled on more than 80% of the world's personal computers. The Windows operating system gets its name from the rectangular work areas that appear on the screen-based desktop. Each work area window can display a different document or program, providing a visual model of the operating system's multitasking capabilities. Multiprocessing - correct answerAn operating system's ________ capability supports a division of labor among all the processing units. Multitasking - correct answerProvides process and memory management services that allow two or more tasks, jobs, or programs to run simultaneously. Multithreading - correct answerWithin a single program, _______ allows multiple parts, or threads, to run simultaneously. Native File Format - correct answerA software application can open files that exist in its ______________, plus several additional file formats. Online Backup Services - correct answerWeb sites that offer storage space for backups are called _____________. Physical Storage Model - correct answerDescribes what actually happens on the disks and in the circuits Recovery Disk - correct answerA bootable CD, DVD, or other media that contains a complete copy of your computer's hard disk as it existed when the computer was new. Recovery Partitions - correct answerConvenient for restoring a corrupted device driver or software module because you can simply copy or reinstall the file from the recovery partition to the main partition. Reserved Words - correct answerSome operating systems also contain a list of _________ that are used as commands or special identifiers.
Restore - correct answerBackups allow you to _______ data from a backup to the original storage location or to a replacement device. Restore Point - correct answerA snapshot of your computer settings. _______s are essentially backups of the Windows Registry. Root Directory - correct answerThe main directory is referred to as the _________. On a PC, the ______ is identified by the device letter followed by a backslash. For example, the ______ of the hard disk would be C:/ Subdirectory - correct answerA root directory can be subdivided into smaller lists. Each list is called a ____________. Synchronization - correct answerCompares the content of files on two devices and makes them the same. UNIX - correct answerDeveloped in 1969 at AT&T's Bell Labs. It gained a good reputation for its dependability in multiuser environments, and many versions of it became available for mainframes and microcomputers. User Interface - correct answerThe combination of hardware and software that helps people and computers communicate with each other. Virtual Machine (VM) - correct answerMac OS X is also a good platform for ___________ technologies that allow you to use one computer to simulate the hardware and software of another. Windows Explorer - correct answerA utility program bundled with the Windows operating system and designed to help you organize and manipulate the files stored on your computer. Windows Phone 7 - correct answerReplaced Windows Mobile OS in 2010. It features a series of "titles" that represent applications, contacts, links, or media. With the initial release, multitasking is limited to running only one third-party program at a time. Windows Registry - correct answerAn important group of files used by the Windows operating system to store configuration information about all the devices and software installed on a computer system.