Partial preview of the text
Download Fluid Mechanical Solution Book and more Exercises Fluid Mechanics in PDF only on Docsity!
CHAPTER 1: FLUID STATICS 1.1. Primary unit and Conversion Unit Any measurable physical quantity that can be described by dimensions. Units are the magnitudes of the dimensions. Some basic dimensions such as mass m, length 1, time # and temperature T are selected as primary or fundamental dimensions, while others such as acceleration, a, density, p and arca, A, are a combination of primary dimensions and arc called secondary dimensions(derived dimensions) Metric SI system: Simple relationship and widely used (meter, gram, seconds) English system: relationship between units which are not standard and dificult to remember for example Imperial unit (gallon, feet, inch, pound). There are seven primary units (in SI) Dimensions Units Length - meter(m) Mass kilogram(kg) Time second (s) Temperature kelvin (K) Electric current ampere (A) _ | Amount of light cande! d) "Amount of matter mole (gol | a | oe There are many types of measuring unit which ig le & unit, Metric unit, Imperial unit, cgs (centimeter-gram-second), mks (meter-kilogram-second)*ach type of unit is different so we need Conversion Unit to convert ST unit to Imperial Unit or the other way around. As an Engineer, unit is important for example if you are asked to buy 100 meters (m) long bar from US/UK company. They do not use meter, in fact, they use fect (Il) and 100 ft is different to 100 m thus you need to apply the conversion unit.. The table below shows the sample unit and the conversion factor: Dimensions ST Unit Imperial Unit Conversion factor Length meter (m) feet (ti) 1m-—3.281 ft centimeter (cm) inch (in) 1 inch = 2.54 em - kilometer (km) mile (mile) 1 mile= 1.61 km Mass kilogram (k) pound mass (Ibm) Temperature ecleius (°C) fahrenheit (°F) [PF] — [PC] x % + 32 [K] = [°C] + 273.15 Force Newton (N) pound force (Ibf) Llbf = 4.448 N Volume liter (J) gallon (gal)-Imperial 1 gal= 4.557 1m} = 1000/ 
