Functional*Groups!
Created!by:!Julio!Cesar!Torres!Orozco!
!!! ! ! !
!
Background:! Functional! groups! are! portions! of! molecules! that! can! be! recognized! and! also!
classified.! Usually,! in! organic! chemistry,! it! is! common! to! see! carbon?backboned?molecules! that!
have! these! functional! groups! attached! to! such! chain.! Functional! groups! give! molecules! their!
properties.!It!is!also!important!to!identify!these!functional!groups!in!order!to!name!molecules.!
Functional!Groups:!
The!following!functional!groups!will!be!listed!in!decreasing!priority!order:!
FUNCTIONAL*
GROUP*
FORMULA*
GENERAL*
FORMULA*
SUFFIX*
EXAMPLE*
*
Carboxylic*
Acids*
!
*
*
R=COOH*
*
*
=oic*acid*
Ethanoic!
acid!
*
Acid*
anhydrides*
!
*
(RC(O))2O*
*
*
=oic*
anhydride*
Formic!
anhydride!
*
Esters*
!
*
R=COOR′*
*
=oate*
*
*
Acyl*
Halides*
!
*
R=COX!
*
=oyl*
halide*
*
