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Fundamentals of Pediatric Nursing Exam Questions & Answers (Grade A+)
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Denver II Developmental Screening Test - correct answer ✅Assesses for developmental delays in infants, toddlers, and preschoolers Best teaching techniques for adolescents - correct answer ✅Stock a bulletin board or brochure rack well; talk with them separately than their parents Special considerations when assessing/teaching adolescents - correct answer ✅Include them in planning and performing care; explain procedures; many benefit from professional counseling Phases of separation anxiety - correct answer ✅•Protest- Child's need for family is conscious and sorrowful; child reacts aggressively, rejecting healthcare personnel; anxiety causes the child to demand his or her own caregivers; denotes a healthy attachment to caregivers •Despair- inactive and sad; thumb-sucking and clutching a blanket become prominent; watches
constantly for family caregivers; quiet, withdrawn, and uninterested in food and play •Denial- sign of protection from anxiety; need for caregivers more intense than ever(detachment) Techniques for gaining cooperation of a 5 year old - correct answer ✅-Use simple words to prepare for sensations he or she will feel -Use doll or puppets to explain procedure -Ensure privacy -Encourage to talk about procedure; clarify any misunderstandings or questions -Encourage to help in a reasonable way (helps gain a sense of control) -Verbally praise and reward (sticker, stars) Avg range of pulse for an infant - correct answer ✅80-180 beats/min Avg range of respirations for an infant - correct answer ✅20-40 breaths/min
Procedure for measuring head-to-chest ratio - correct answer ✅Measure and compare; measure using a paper measuring tape; measure chest at the child's nipple line Providing for Pediatric Safety - correct answer ✅In-Practice 71-2 p. 1111 Safety Devices - correct answer ✅In-Practice 71-2 p. 1111 Guidelines for applying restraints on children - correct answer ✅Explain to family caregivers and the child what you are dong and why. Be sure the child does not view the restraint as a punishment Papoose board - correct answer ✅Used for starting an IV or circumcision Mitt/Glove - correct answer ✅Prevents the child from scratching or pulling on tubes
Arm board - correct answer ✅Used to protect IV sites Mummy - correct answer ✅Restrains the entire body with a small blanket; only the head is exposed Techniques to provide children with protection from contagious diseases - correct answer ✅Scrub before putting on gowns and thoroughly after removing it; wear gloves if you will come in contact with any body fluids or substances, including stool, emesis, urine, or blood Actions to monitor IV therapy/central lines - correct answer ✅Monitor for: redness, pain, elevated WBC count, and temperature; change central line dressings every 24 hours if using gauze and every 72 hours if using a transparent dressing; sterile technique; monitor catheter for tears and leaks; use restraints if necessary; monitor sites for infiltration
oxygen must be humidified to prevent damage to respiratory mucosa; flow rate must be high enough to flush out CO2 from the hood; maintains a constant oxygen concentration because the child is in a high- flow atmosphere Treatment for a child with a fever <102 degrees - correct answer ✅Keep the child quiet; prevent crying; do not overdress, use minimal clothes; encourage fluids; do not use antipyretics unless ordered by the physician or if the child is very uncomfortable Treatment for a child with a fever >102 degrees - correct answer ✅Call the physician(antipyretics may be ordered); put the child to bed; do not use alcohol or ice; >104: give nonaspirin fever reducing medication; check temp every 30 minutes; sponge the child with lukewarm warmer until further instructions; check temp every 10 to 15 mins during sponging Administering Medications to Children - correct answer ✅71-9 p. 1120
Immediate Measures Before Surgery - correct answer ✅71-10 p. 1121