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GCSE Biology – Organisation REVISION EXAM PAPER/ GUARANTEED PASS/ WITH CORRECT ANSWERS/ GRADED A+ Cells - The basic building blocks of living things Tissues - A group of cells with similar structure and function Organs - Groups of tissues performing particular functions Lock and key - Theory as to how enzymes work
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Cells - ✔✔✔ The basic building blocks of living things Tissues - ✔✔✔ A group of cells with similar structure and function Organs - ✔✔✔ Groups of tissues performing particular functions Lock and key - ✔✔✔ Theory as to how enzymes work Digestion breaks down - ✔✔✔ Large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble ones Active site - ✔✔✔ The part of an enzyme the substrate binds to Denatured - ✔✔✔ When an active site is altered by temperature or pH Amylase (carbohydrase) - ✔✔✔ Breaks down starch into glucose Protease enzymes - ✔✔✔ Break down protein into amino acids Lipase - ✔✔✔ Break down fats into fatty acids and glycerol Bile is made in - ✔✔✔ Liver and stored in the gall bladder Hydrochloric acid - ✔✔✔ Released in stomach to create optimum pH for protease The role of bile is to - ✔✔✔ Neutralise stomach and acid and emulsify fats Salivary glands - ✔✔✔ Releases amylase Stomach - ✔✔✔ Releases protease Pancreas and small intestine - ✔✔✔ Release amylase, lipase and protease
Small intestine - ✔✔✔ Where digested food is absorbed Large intestine - ✔✔✔ Where water is absorbed Villi - ✔✔✔ Increase absorption surface of small intestine Benedicts test - ✔✔✔ Tests for glucose (blue to red) Biuret test - ✔✔✔ Tests for protein ( blue to purple) Iodine - ✔✔✔ Tests for starch ( orange to blue/black) Right ventricle - ✔✔✔ Pumps blood to the lungs Left ventricle - ✔✔✔ Pumps blood to the body Pulmonary artery - ✔✔✔ Carries blood from heart to lungs Pulmonary vein - ✔✔✔ Carries oxygenated blood from lungs to heart Aorta - ✔✔✔ The main artery that carries blood away from the heart Coronary arteries - ✔✔✔ Supply heart muscle with blood Vena cava - ✔✔✔ The main vein that carries blood to the heart Valves - ✔✔✔ Prevent blood from flowing backwards Trachea - ✔✔✔ The windpipe Alveoli - ✔✔✔ Where has exchange occurs Pacemaker - ✔✔✔ A group of cells that control the heartbeat Arteries - ✔✔✔ Have thick elastic walls Capillaries - ✔✔✔ Walls are only one cell thick to aid diffusion Veins - ✔✔✔ Take blood to heart and contain valves Plasma - ✔✔✔ The liquid part of blood, carries things like glucose
Temperature, humidity, air movement and light intensity - ✔✔✔ Factors affecting rate of transpiration Lignin - ✔✔✔ Chemical,in xylem vessels walls that strengthens them Translocation - ✔✔✔ Movement of food molecules through phloem vessels in plants