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GCU A&P HESI Practice Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+
Which of the following lists the correct pathway of blood through the circulatory system? a. Right ventricle, vena cava, systemic circuit, aorta, left atrium, left ventricle, lungs, right atrium b. Left ventricle, aorta, systemic circuit, vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium c. Left ventricle, vena cava, systemic circuit, aorta, right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium d. Right ventricle, aorta, systemic circuit, vena cava, left atrium, left ventricle, lungs, right atrium Where is the popliteal artery located? a. Near the top of the cubital fossa b. On the underside of the wrist c. Below the jaw line between the trachea and sternomas- toid muscle d. Behind the knee A patient with a lower than normal amount of thrombo- cytes could be at risk of. a. unnecessary blood clotting b. extensive bleeding c. fatigue and shortness of breath d. inability to fight infection Which of the following organelles would you expect to find an abundance of in leukocytes? a. Golgi bodies b. Mitochondria c. Lysosomes d. Ribosomes What is erythropoiesis and where does it occur? a. The formation of bile; Liver b. Left ventricle, aorta, systemic circuit, vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium d. Behind the knee b. extensive bleeding c. Lysosomes
GCU A&P HESI Practice Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+
b. The formation of red blood cells; Red bone marrow c. The formation of white blood cells; Spleen b. The formation of red blood cells; Heart Where does digestion begin in the alimentary canal? a. Small intestine b. Stomach c. Oral cavity d. Esophagus What is the purpose of gastric mucous? a. To protect the stomach lining from acid and digestive enzymes. b. To prevent pathogens from being absorbed by the stomach lining and into the bloodstream. c. To help break down fibrous foods. d. To trap waste products to be turned into fecal matter. What is the function of endocrine glands? a. They secrete products directly into a duct that carries the products to where they are needed. b. They transmit nerve impulses between parts of the body. c. They are a group of cells that respond to specific hor- mones. d. They secrete hormones directly into the blood. What does the presence of antidiuretic hormone stimu- late? a. Water reabsorption from the urinary filtrate b. The release of water into the bladder to be voided as urine c. Calcium reabsorption by the nephrons d. The increase of calcium levels in the blood b. The formation of red blood cells; Red bone marrow c. Oral cavity a. To protect the stomach lining from acid and digestive enzymes. d. They secrete hormones directly into the blood. a. Water reabsorption from the urinary filtrate
GCU A&P HESI Practice Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+
a. Carrots b. Cabbage c. Shellfish d. Soda Which of the following glands secrete earwax? a. Sebaceous b. Ceruminous c. Eccrine d. Salivary Which of the following types of cancer would pre- sent warning signs that are identified using the ABCDE method? a. Leukemia b. Squamous cell carcinoma c. Melanoma d. Basal cell carcinoma Which of the following muscles is located towards the outer side of the leg? a. Rectus femoris b. Vastus lateralis c. Gracilis d. Vastus medialis a. Carrots b. Ceruminous c. Melanoma b. Vastus lateralis Which of the following occurs when the sympathetic ner- vous system is stimulated? a. Heart rate increases, pupils dilate, digestion slows down b. Heart rate decreases, pupils constrict, digestion in- creases c. Heart rate increases, pupils dilate, digestion increases a. Heart rate increases, pupils dilate, digestion slows down
d. Heart rate increases, pupils constrict, digestion slows down Which of the following male reproductive organs is also a part of the urinary system? a. Ureter b. Urethra c. Epidiymis d. Vas deferens The internal reproductive organs are located in which of the following anatomical regions? a. Thoracic b. Pelvic c. Brachial d. Femoral Which of the following is a byproduct of anaerobic respi- ration that can lead to muscular fatigue, muscle cramps, muscle pain, or a burning sensation in the muscles? a. Citric acid b. Lactic acid c. Hydrochloric acid d. Folic acid The shoulder is an example of which type of synovial joint? a. Saddle b. Pivot c. Ball and socket d. Hinge The carpals articulate with the distal ends of which two bones? a. Tarsals and metatarsals b. Urethra b. Pelvic b. Lactic acid c. Ball and socket
tricle b. Lets blood flow from the right ventricle to the right atrium c. Lets blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle d. Lets blood flow from the left ventricle to the left atrium Which of the four chambers of the heart has the thickest muscular wall? a. Left ventricle b. Right ventricle c. Right atrium d. Left atrium Which organ is responsible for most of the nutrient ab- sorption in the body? a. Gall bladder b. Large intestine c. Stomach d. Small intestine How does serotonin attect the body? a. It helps to regulate motivation, euphoria, and fine motor function. b. It helps to regulate mood, anxiety, sleep, memory, and appetite. c. It stimulates the uterine muscles to contract during childbirth and promotes lactation. d. It helps to regulate urine output and maintains osmo- larity. Which of the following statements about the endocrine system is false? a. The hypothalamus is commonly known as the "master gland." c. Lets blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle a. Left ventricle d. Small intestine b. It helps to regulate mood, anxiety, sleep, memory, and appetite.
b. The adrenal glands secrete cortisol and aldosterone. c. Growth of pubic and axillary hair is induced by testos- terone and estrogen. d. Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone are stored in and secreted by the posterior pituitary gland. Which plane divides the body into left and right sides? a. Coronal b. Sagittal c. Transverse d. Frontal Which of the following is located in the thoracic cavity? a. The mediastinum b. The urinary and reproductive organs c. The small intestine d. The adrenal glands Which type of tissue is most widely distributed throughout the body? a. Muscle tissue b. Connective tissue c. Nervous tissue d. Epithelial tissue Which of the following options correctly lists the layers of the epidermis from the most superficial to the deepest layer? a. Stratum germinativum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum, stratum granulosum b. Stratum germinativum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum c. Stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum germi- nativum, stratum corneum a. The hypothalamus is commonly known as the "master gland." b. Sagittal a. The mediastinum b. Connective tissue d. Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulo- sum, stratum germinativum
Which part of the brain is involved in processing auditory information? a. Temporal lobe b. Frontal lobe c. Parietal lobe a. Temporal lobe A patient complains of decreased sensation in the distal part of their arm and an inability to adduct and abduct their fingers. Based on these symptoms, which nerve is most likely compromised? a. Olfactory b. Ulnar c. Femoral d. Tibial In which of the following reproductive structures does the fertilization of an ovum occur? a. Endometrium b. Fallopian tube c. Uterus d. Corpus luteum Which of the following structures is part of the upper respiratory system? a. Bronchi b. Pharynx c. Trachea d. Lungs a. Temporal lobe b. Ulnar b. Fallopian tube b. Pharynx The elbow is what type of joint? a. Pivot b. Planar c. Hinge
c. Hinge d. Ball-and-socket A patient complaining of pain in their sternum reveals that they were recently in a mild car accident. Which of the following structures may have been injured in the accident? a. Xiphoid process b. Vastus lateralis c. Fontanelle d. Vomer The malleus, incus, and stapes are bones found in the . a. Neck b. Arm c. Ear d. Leg Which important minerals are stored within the skeletal system? a. Calcium and sodium b. Calcium and phosphorous c. Calcium and carbon d. Calcium and iron Which type of connection do ligaments create? a. Muscle to bone b. Muscle to organ c. Muscle to muscle d. Bone to bone Urine travels from the kidney to the urinary bladder through which structure? a. Urethra a. Xiphoid process c. Ear b. Calcium and phosphorous d. Bone to bone
b. Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone c. Oxytocin only d. Progesterone and estrogen Cerumen is secreted by apocrine glands located in which of the following structures? a. The external auditory canal b. The cochlea c. The organ of corti d. The eustachian tube Eccrine glands secrete a watery substance onto the sur- face of the skin to maintain temperature homeostasis through which process? a. Evaporation b. Condensation c. Precipitation d. Absorption In what area of the body would you expect to find espe- cially thick stratum corneum? a. Back of the hand b. In the ear canal c. On the scalp d. Heel of the foot What, in addition to adenosine triphosphate, must be present for a muscle to contract? a. Calcium b. Sodium c. Lactate d. Oxygen Which of the following could result from a damaged ol- factory nerve? a. Cortisol and aldosterone a. The external auditory canal a. Evaporation d. Heel of the foot a. Calcium
a. Distorted vision b. Loss of sensation in the arm c. Reduced sense of smell d. Discomfort in the lumbar region Which part of the eye allows us to see color? a. Iris b. Aqueous humor c. Retina d.Pupil A patient reveals to you that they were recently involved in a car accident that they believe resulted in a deviated septum. Which of the following bones may have been injured in the accident, resulting in the deviated septum? a. Manubrium b. Tibia c. Vomer d. Maxilla Which of the following describes the distal region of the humerus? a. The proximal articulating cartilage b. The epiphysis that articulates with the scapula c. The diaphysis of the humerus d. The epiphysis that articulates with the radius and ulna Which of the following causes bone matrix resorption in response to a decrease of calcium levels in the blood? a. Osteocytes b. Osteoclasts c. Osteoblasts d. Osteoprogenitor c. Reduced sense of smell c. Retina c. Vomer d. The epiphysis that articulates with the radius and ulna b. Osteoclasts
ities? a. Muscle tissue b. Connective tissue c. Epithelial tissue d. Nerve tissue The respiratory system is composed of organs that facil- itate gas exchange between the blood and the external environment. Which of the following describes the group of organs that function during gas exchange? a. Organelle b. Organ System c. Organ d. Tissue Which of the following cell organelles is correctly paired with its function? a. Mitochondria/ Cell division b. Lysosomes/ ATP production c. Ribosome/ Protein synthesis d. Nucleus/ Intracellular digestion White blood cells contain many because they need to dispose of harmful intruders such as bacteria and viruses. Which of the following options correctly com- pletes the statement above? a. ribosomes b. lysosomes c. mitochondria d. Golgi Which of the following organ systems is correctly paired with its function? a. Digestive/ waste elimination c. Epithelial tissue b. Organ System c. Ribosome/ Protein synthesis b. lysosomes
b. Circulatory/ obtaining nutrients necessary for growth, energy and normal body processes c. Excretory/ transport of substance to all tissues of the body d. Endocrine/ regulation of homeostasis through hor- mone signaling Which of the types of tissue is responsible for providing the matrix that supports and connects other tissues of the body? a. Connective tissue b. Nerve tissue c. Muscle tissue d. Epithelial tissue Which of the following is the name of the imaginary verti- cal plane that equally divides the body into left and right? a. Transverse b. Coronal c. Sagittal d. Horizontal Which of the following terms describes the process of forming new red blood cells? a. Hematopoiesis b. Erythropoiesis c. Thrombopoiesis d. Autopoiesis What is one of the functions of the hypothalamus? a. Regulating heart rate and blood pressure b. Regulating blood sugar levels c. Regulating body temperature d.Regulating calcium levels in the blood d. Endocrine/ regulation of homeostasis through hor- mone signaling a. Connective tissue c. Sagittal b. Erythropoiesis c. Regulating body temperature
c. It is formed via intramembranous ossification. d. It is one of the three bones that comprise the bones of the ear, called ossicles. Which of the following structures functions in directing sound waves into the ear? a. Auricle b. Modiolus c. Eardrum d. External Auditory Canal The hormone assists estrogen in stimulating the formation of the endometrium. a. testosterone b. progesterone c. oxytocin d. luteinizing hormone Which of the following is the correct sequence of transport of filtrate from the nephrons to the renal pelvis? a. Collecting Duct - Proximal Convoluted Tubule - Loop of Henle - Distal Convoluted Tubule - Minor Calyx - Major Calyx - Renal Pelvis b. Minor Calyx - Major Calyx - Proximal Convoluted Tubule
- Distal Convoluted Tubule - Loop of Henle - Collecting Duct - Renal Pelvis c. Distal Convoluted Tubule - Proximal Convoluted Tubule
- Loop of Henle - Collecting Duct - Minor Calyx - Major Calyx - Renal Pelvis d. Proximal Convoluted Tubule - Loop of Henle - Distal Convoluted Tubule - Collecting Duct - Minor Calyx - Major Calyx - Renal Pelvis a. Auricle b. progesterone d. Proximal Convoluted Tubule - Loop of Henle - Distal Convoluted Tubule - Collecting Duct - Minor Calyx - Major Calyx - Renal Pelvis
The pharynx is a conduit for air and food. It is divided into three segments which contain lymphoid structures that play significant roles in protection and defense. Which segment of the pharynx contains the pharyngeal tonsils? a. Laryngopharynx b. Hypopharynx c. Nasopharynx d. Oropharynx Which of the following salivary glands primarily con- tributes to the production and secretion of saliva? a. Sublingual glands b. Submandibular glands c. Parotid glands d. Lingual glands If the femoral artery was cut, which of the following blood vessels would not receive blood as a result? a. Popliteal artery b. Brachial artery c. Iliac artery d. Thoracic artery Which blood vessel delivers blood directly into the right atrium? a. Brachial artery b. Coronary artery c. Vena cava d. Aorta Which of the following features of veins results in the ve- nous system operating at lower pressures than the arterial side? a. Veins have thinner, more compliant vessel walls than c. Nasopharynx b. Submandibular glands a. Popliteal artery c. Vena cava
