Geography easy notes class 10th, Summaries of Geography

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02/06/2026 8:08
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Chapter Agriculture (Geography)
Types of Farming:-
Subsistence Farming
Commercial Farming
Subsistence Farming:-
They further are of two types:-
Primitive subsistence farming
Intensive subsistence farming
Primitive Susbsistence Farming
1.It is a old form of Farming
2.Old tools are used
3.Dependent on natural fertility
4.No fertilizer's and chemicals were used
5.Allow soil to regain the Fertility
6.Low productivity.
Slash and burn agriculture:- In this type of farming farmers clears a
patch of land and produce cereal on it and other food crops to sustain
their family. When soil fertility decreases, the farmer shuft and clear a
patch of land of cultivation. This type of shifting allow nature to replinsh
the fertility of soil through Natural Processes.
Names of primitive farming:-
In North east:-Shifting, Jhumming, Slash and burn
In mexico:-Milpa.
In venzula:-Concua
In Indonesia:-Lodang
In vietnam:-Ray
In Madhya pardesh:-Bewar or Dahiya
In odisha:-Koman
In Brazil:-Roca
In Himachal Pardesh :-Khil
In Jharkhand:-Karuwa
In Rajasthan:-Valre
Intensive Subsistence farming
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02/06/2026 8:08 pm

Chapter Agriculture (Geography)

Types of Farming:-

▪Subsistence Farming ▪Commercial Farming

Subsistence Farming:-

They further are of two types:- ▪Primitive subsistence farming ▪Intensive subsistence farming ▪Primitive Susbsistence Farming 1.It is a old form of Farming 2.Old tools are used 3.Dependent on natural fertility 4.No fertilizer's and chemicals were used 5.Allow soil to regain the Fertility 6.Low productivity. ▪Slash and burn agriculture:- In this type of farming farmers clears a patch of land and produce cereal on it and other food crops to sustain their family. When soil fertility decreases, the farmer shuft and clear a patch of land of cultivation. This type of shifting allow nature to replinsh the fertility of soil through Natural Processes. ▪Names of primitive farming:- In North east:-Shifting, Jhumming, Slash and burn In mexico:-Milpa. In venzula:-Concua In Indonesia:-Lodang In vietnam:-Ray In Madhya pardesh:-Bewar or Dahiya In odisha:-Koman In Brazil:-Roca In Himachal Pardesh :-Khil In Jharkhand:-Karuwa In Rajasthan:-Valre ▪Intensive Subsistence farming

This type of farming were mostly seen in areas with High population Because of high population and high yield it creates Intense pressure on land And it is "Right to Inheritance"on small piece's of land there were a fights. In this type of farming Modern Methods are used Like:-Biochemicals, Fertilizers, Irrigation Etc. Because of chemicals and high population there was problem of soil fertility and the Soil was exploited.

▪Commercial farming:- The farming which is done on huge land with Modern Methods to get higher yield for earning profit to farmers. Obejective:-To produce Raw materials for Factories. Methods like:-▪Using of HYV seeds. ▪Fertilizer ▪Machines ▪Labour ▪Pesticides.

📌Plantation:- A single crop is grown on a large part of land. Example:- ☕Tea, Coffee🍵,Rubeer Etc. 📌Cropping scenes of India:- 📍Rabi crops:- The crop which is sown in winter or the month between(October to December) Example:-wheat, Barkey, Peas. 📍Kharif crop:- The crop which is sown onset of monsoon or in the month of (May to July) And it was harvested in month of (Sep to oct) Example:-Paddy,Maize 🌽, Jawar, Cotton. 📍Zaid crops:Taken only in few Months. Example:-Fruits🍍🍎🍓 🍇,Vegetables 🥦🥕🌽 This grown in Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pardesh, Kashmir, Uttar pardesh. Kharif crops:-Grown in parts of Assam, Bengal, Odisha, Arunachal pardesh, Maharashtra, Kerala, Tamil Nadu. 📌Major crop of india:- Rice🍚🌾:- It was grown all across India and It Requires a lot of Rainfall 🌧 It minimum required Above 100 CM of average rainfall It is grown as Kharif Crop and It also requires High Humidity and Requires