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gizmo potential energt, Exercises of Physics

Physics

potential energy gizmo, energy shelves

Typology: Exercises

2019/2020

Uploaded on 05/22/2020

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Name: ______________________________________ Date: ________________________
Student Exploration: Potential Energy on Shelves
Vocabulary: gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy, potential energy, weight, work
Gizmo Warm-up
Potential energy is the energy an object has because of its
position or shape. Using the Potential Energy on Shelves
Gizmo™, you will discover how gravity gives objects potential
energy because of their position above the floor.
1. Which object on the SIMULATION pane most likely has the least potential energy? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________
2. Click on the TABLE tab. The potential energy (Eg) of each object is given in joules (J).
List the objects in order from lowest to highest potential energies.
_________________________________________________________________________
Activity A:
Factors affecting Eg
Get the Gizmo ready:
Select the BAR CHART tab and turn on Show
numerical values.
Introduction: Because gravity pulls objects down to Earth’s surface, objects lifted above
Earth’s surface have a type of potential energy called gravitational potential energy, or Eg.
What factors affect how much gravitational potential energy an object has?
1. Identify : Circle the factors below that you think affect an object’s potential energy.
mass vertical position velocity horizontal position
2. Observe : Drag the ball to the 1-m shelf on the SIMULATION pane.
A. What is the ball’s potential energy (Eg)? _______________
B. Move the ball to the 2-m shelf. What is its potential energy now? _______________
C. What do you think the ball’s potential energy will be on the 3-m shelf? The 4-m shelf?
Eg on 3-m shelf: _______________ Eg on 4-m shelf: _______________
Use the Gizmo to check your answers. (Click the control on the bar graph to zoom out.)
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Name: ______________________________________ Date: ________________________

Student Exploration: Potential Energy on Shelves

Vocabulary: gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy, potential energy, weight, work Gizmo Warm-up Potential energy is the energy an object has because of its position or shape. Using the Potential Energy on Shelves Gizmo™, you will discover how gravity gives objects potential energy because of their position above the floor.

  1. Which object on the SIMULATION pane most likely has the least potential energy? Why?
  2. Click on the TABLE tab. The potential energy ( Eg ) of each object is given in joules (J). List the objects in order from lowest to highest potential energies.

Activity A: Factors affecting Eg Get the Gizmo ready:  Select the BAR CHART tab and turn on Show numerical values. Introduction: Because gravity pulls objects down to Earth’s surface, objects lifted above Earth’s surface have a type of potential energy called gravitational potential energy , or Eg. What factors affect how much gravitational potential energy an object has?

  1. Identify: Circle the factors below that you think affect an object’s potential energy. mass vertical position velocity horizontal position
  2. Observe: Drag the ball to the 1-m shelf on the SIMULATION pane. A. What is the ball’s potential energy ( Eg )? _______________ B. Move the ball to the 2-m shelf. What is its potential energy now? _______________ C. What do you think the ball’s potential energy will be on the 3-m shelf? The 4-m shelf? Eg on 3-m shelf: _______________ Eg on 4-m shelf: _______________ Use the Gizmo to check your answers. (Click the control on the bar graph to zoom out.)
  1. Summarize: What is the relationship between an object’s height above the ground and its gravitational potential energy? _________________________________________________
  2. Describe: Move the ball from side to side (left to right) while trying to keep it at the same height. How does changing the horizontal position of the ball affect its potential energy?
  3. Infer: Place the ball and the paper on the same shelf. A. Which object has more potential energy? __________________________________ B. Why do you think their potential energies are different? _______________________ ___________________________________________________________________
  4. Identify: What two factors affect how much gravitational potential energy an object has?

Activity B: Calculating Eg Get the Gizmo ready:  You will need a calculator to complete this activity. Introduction: An object’s gravitational potential energy depends on two factors: its height ( h ) and its weight ( w ). The equation for gravitational potential energy ( Eg ) is: Eg = mgh Goal: Use the gravitational potential energy equation to determine the weight, mass, and potential energy of various objects.

  1. Record: Position all three objects on the 1-m shelf and fill in the third column of the table. Object Height (m) Eg (J or N•m) Fg or Weight (N) Ball 1 m Clips 1 m Paper 1 m
  2. Calculate: Since Eg = mgh and Fg (weight) = mg, determine the weight for each object and record the values in the fourth column.
  1. Analyze: Move the ball to the 2-m shelf. A. How much potential energy does the ball have now? _________________________ B. How does the ball’s potential energy relate to the amount of work needed to place the ball on the 2-m shelf? ______________________________________________ C. How much work would be needed to lift the ball from the 2-m shelf to the 5-m shelf, and how much potential energy would it have on the 5-m shelf? ________________ ___________________________________________________________________
  2. Predict: What do you think would happen to the ball’s potential energy if it is knocked off the shelf and falls to the floor? ____________________________________________________
  3. Think and discuss: Objects in motion have kinetic energy. As objects fall, their potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. How much kinetic energy do you think the ball would have just before it hit the floor if it were dropped from a 2-m shelf? Explain your answer.

Answer the Assessment Questions. Check your answers.