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Exploring Gravitational Forces: Mass and Distance, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Physics

Physics

An interactive activity to help students understand the concepts of gravitational forces between two objects, and how mass and distance affect the magnitude of the forces. Students will examine the direction of the gravitational forces, explore the relationship between force and mass, and investigate the relationship between force and distance.

Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research

2020/2021

Uploaded on 01/19/2021

ashley-aguiniga
ashley-aguiniga 🇺🇸

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Gravitational Force Gizmo Name ________________________ Pd ___
The Direction of Gravitational Force
Isaac Newton realized that any two objects, no matter how large or how small, exert forces upon one
another. In this activity, you will examine the direction of the gravitational forces between two objects.
1. The Gizmotm shows two objects, A and B. Check Show force vector for object A and examine the
purple vector. This represents the force that acts on object A due to object B.
1. Describe the direction of the force that acts on object A.
2. Drag object A to a different location and describe the direction of the force with A at this
location.
3. Drag object B to a different location and watch the force vector for object A as you drag.
What is always true of the direction of the force on A?
2. With Show force vector for object A selected, turn on Show force vector for object B. A green
vector appears representing the force that acts on object B.
1. Describe the direction of the force acting on object B.
2. Drag both A and B to different locations. What is always true about the directions of the
forces acting on objects A and B?
The Relationship Between Force and Mass
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Gravitational Force Gizmo Name ________________________ Pd ___ The Direction of Gravitational Force Isaac Newton realized that any two objects, no matter how large or how small, exert forces upon one another. In this activity, you will examine the direction of the gravitational forces between two objects.

  1. The Gizmotm^ shows two objects, A and B. Check Show force vector for object A and examine the purple vector. This represents the force that acts on object A due to object B. 1. Describe the direction of the force that acts on object A. 2. Drag object A to a different location and describe the direction of the force with A at this location. 3. Drag object B to a different location and watch the force vector for object A as you drag. What is always true of the direction of the force on A?
  2. With Show force vector for object A selected, turn on Show force vector for object B. A green vector appears representing the force that acts on object B. 1. Describe the direction of the force acting on object B. 2. Drag both A and B to different locations. What is always true about the directions of the forces acting on objects A and B? The Relationship Between Force and Mass

In this activity, you will explore how the masses of the two objects affect the magnitude of the forces acting on each object.

1. Check all of the options in the Gizmo except for Show connecting line. Note that the masses of

the objects ( m A and m B) are displayed in the center pane. Set each of these values to 10. (To set the mass to a specific number, click in the text box, type the number, and hit Enter .) Note that the actual mass is 10 • 10^5 kg, or 1,000,000 kg.

1. Place object A at the -20 point on the x-axis B at the 20 point on the y-axis. Fill in the

following table by chaning the masses to the values below.

Mass of A (kg) X10^5 Mass of B (kg) X10^5 Distance (m) |FA| (N) |FB| (N) 10 10 40 20 10 40 10 20 40 20 20 40

  1. In general, what happened to the force of gravity as the masses increased?
  2. Compared to the first line of the data table, which two changes had the same effect on the force of gravity? Why is this the case?

1. In general, what happened to the force of gravity as the distance between the two went

up?

  1. Divide the distance from line two by the distance on line one. Write this in fraction form.
  2. Divide the force on line two by the force on line one. Write this in fraction form.
  3. Fill in the following sentence. As the distance between object A and B was ___________ the force was cut _____________.
  4. Does the same trend hold for lines two and three? Explain your answer. Summary: As the mass of the objects increases, then the amount of gravity between the two objects _____________. The mathematical term for the relationship is a __________________ proportion. As the distance between the objects increases, then the amount of gravity between the two objects _____________.