Homework 2 for Math 554: Real Analysis, Assignments of Linear Algebra

This is the second homework assignment for a university-level course in real analysis (math 554). It covers topics such as limits of sequences, minkowski inequality, weak derivatives, sobolev spaces, and more. Problems require students to prove theorems and provide examples of certain mathematical concepts.

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Pre 2010

Uploaded on 03/11/2009

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Math 554
Homework 2
Due September 25, 2008, before class
Problem I Preliminaries:
1. Show that the sequence {an}has a limit if and only if lim inf(an) =
lim sup(an).
2. Prove the following variant of Minkowski Inequality: If f , g are
measurable functions on Rnthen:
essup|f+g| essup|f|+ essup|g|
Problem II Weak derivatives
1. Show that the piecewise C1functions which are also continuous
have weak derivative which coincide a.e. with the classical deriv-
ative. What happens if the continuity hypothesis is removed?
2. (suggested) Find a function defined on Rwith classical derivative
almost everywhere and the derivative locally integrable such that
the function has no weak derivative.
3. Give an example of a continuous function that has classical deriv-
atives almost everywhere but has no weak derivative.
4. Let fbe locally integrable on R. Show that F(x) = Rx
0f(s)ds
has a weak derivative equal to falmost everywhere. (suggested)
Show that Fhas classical derivative almost everywhere.
5. If fis locally integrable and for all φC
c(Rn)
ZRn
fφdx = 0
then show that f= 0 a.e.
Problem III Sobolev spaces. Here Uis an open set in Rn.
pf2

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Math 554

Homework 2

Due September 25, 2008, before class

Problem I Preliminaries:

  1. Show that the sequence {an} has a limit if and only if lim inf(an) = lim sup(an).
  2. Prove the following variant of Minkowski Inequality: If f, g are measurable functions on Rn^ then:

essup|f + g| ≤ essup|f | + essup|g|

Problem II Weak derivatives

  1. Show that the piecewise C^1 functions which are also continuous have weak derivative which coincide a.e. with the classical deriv- ative. What happens if the continuity hypothesis is removed?
  2. (suggested) Find a function defined on R with classical derivative almost everywhere and the derivative locally integrable such that the function has no weak derivative.
  3. Give an example of a continuous function that has classical deriv- atives almost everywhere but has no weak derivative.
  4. Let f be locally integrable on R. Show that F (x) =

∫ (^) x 0 f^ (s)ds has a weak derivative equal to f almost everywhere. (suggested) Show that F has classical derivative almost everywhere.

  1. If f is locally integrable and for all φ ∈ C c∞ (Rn) ∫

Rn

f φdx = 0

then show that f = 0 a.e.

Problem III Sobolev spaces. Here U is an open set in Rn.

  1. Adapt the proof of the Riesz-Fisher Theorem (see Handout) to show that Lp(U ) is complete for all 1 < p < ∞.
  2. Consider 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞. Show that if {fn} ⊂ Lp(U ) and converges in Lp^ to f then f is in Lp(U ) and there exists a subsequence of {fn} convergent almost everywhere to f.
  3. Give an example of a function in W 1 ,^2 (0, 1) that cannot be ap- proximated (in the norm of W 1 ,^2 (0, 1)) by functions in C c∞ (0, 1).