Physics 227 Homework IV - Autumn 2008 - Prof. Stephen Ellis, Assignments of Physics

Problem solutions for physics 227, a university-level physics course, from homework iv in the autumn 2008 semester. Problems related to wave interference, phase shifts, and intensity calculations. Students are encouraged to check their results using mathematica.

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Pre 2010

Uploaded on 03/19/2009

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Physics 227 HW IV 1 Autumn 2008
Physics 227 - Autumn 2008
HW IV
Due Monday 10/27/08 (Special date)
Note that the first Mid Term exam is Friday 10/24/08.
Example problems: Not to be turned in solutions can be found at the back of the
book. See also Appendix B to the relevant lecture.
§3.4: 18
§3.5: 16, 20
§3.7: 1, 4
Assigned problems: To be turned in. Problem A below will be graded and be worth
10 points; the exercises assigned in Boas below will be graded and be worth 5 points
each.
§3.4: 16 (Check your results with Mathematica, you may want to make the
requested sketch with Mathematica, but this is not required. )
§3.5: 32, 45 (Check your results with Mathematica in both)
§3.7: 5, 6 (You are encouraged to check your results with Mathematica in both,
but this is not required)
A. (10 points) Think back to Physics 123 (optics) and consider light with wavelength
and frequency
c

passing through a grating with 5 narrow slits a distance a
apart as suggested in the figure (see also the Optics discussion on page 79 in Boas).
The vertical lines on the left correspond to
the incident wave fronts, while the arrow
indicates the direction of the ray of light.
The lines to the right indicate the direction
of light rays scattered through the angle
.
The amplitude of the light on a distance
screen, at an angle
from the
perpendicular to the grating, is the sum of
pf3

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Physics 227 - Autumn 2008

HW IV

Due Monday 10/27/08 (Special date)

Note that the first Mid Term exam is Friday 10/24/08.

Example problems: Not to be turned in – solutions can be found at the back of the book. See also Appendix B to the relevant lecture.

§3.4: 18 §3.5: 16, 20 §3.7: 1, 4

Assigned problems: To be turned in. Problem A below will be graded and be worth 10 points; the exercises assigned in Boas below will be graded and be worth 5 points each.

§3.4: 16 (Check your results with Mathematica, you may want to make the requested sketch with Mathematica, but this is not required. ) §3.5: 32, 45 (Check your results with Mathematica in both) §3.7: 5, 6 (You are encouraged to check your results with Mathematica in both, but this is not required)

A. (10 points) Think back to Physics 123 (optics) and consider light with wavelength

 and frequency   c  passing through a grating with 5 narrow slits a distance a

apart as suggested in the figure (see also the “Optics” discussion on page 79 in Boas). The vertical lines on the left correspond to the incident wave fronts, while the arrow indicates the direction of the ray of light. The lines to the right indicate the direction of light rays scattered through the angle .

The amplitude of the light on a distance screen, at an angle  from the perpendicular to the grating, is the sum of

the contributions from each of the slits:

0 0 0

0 0

sin sin sin 2

sin 3 sin 4 ,

E E t E t E t

E t E t

where E 0 is a real number and the phase shift is given by

sin

a 

The phase  accounts for the different number of wavelengths that fit along the paths

taken by the (parallel) light rays traveling at angle  between the slits, through which

they passed, and the screen at the right. Note that a sin  is the length of the end of

the little triangle next to the 2 slits that are used to illustrate the distance a , i.e ., the extra distance traveled by the light from the second slit down from the top. [You should convince yourself that you remember why these expressions are true.]

a) (3 points) Show that

  4 0 0

, Im

i t n n

E t E e

 

 

and evaluate it as a compact, real expression. Hint: Recall the formula for a finite geometric series in Chapter 1.

b) (1 point) Compute ( i.e ., find a simple formula for) the (brightness) I  , t of the

light on screen given by

2

I  , t  E , t.

c) (3 points) This intensity is actually oscillating very rapidly over time. What our

eye sees is the average intensity over one oscillation period, T  2  . Compute

the time averaged intensity,