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Human Anatomy and Physiology: Cardiovascular System - Exam 3 Review, Exams of Biology

Virginia State University (VSU)Biology

A comprehensive review of key concepts related to the cardiovascular system, covering topics such as blood supply, heart valves, heart chambers, circulation, heart rhythm, and major arteries. It includes definitions, descriptions, and explanations of important terms and processes, making it a valuable resource for students studying human anatomy and physiology.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 04/12/2025

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hondros pn bio 117 exam 3
1. ischemia: lack of blood supply
2. angina: chest pain
3. myocardial infarction: heart attack
4. heart valves: prevent back flow of blood
5. types of heart valves: atrioventricular and semilunar
6. atrioventricular valves: between atria and ventricles
7. semilunar valves: between ventricles and arteries
8. s1 sounds - lubb: AV valve closing sounds
9. s2 sound - dubb: semilunar valve closing sounds
10. right coronary artery: artery vascularizing the right side of the heart
11. left coronary artery: artery supplying blood to the heart tissue
12. Chambers of the heart: right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
13. great vessels of the heart: venae cavae, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, aorta
14. pulmonary circulation: flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart
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hondros pn bio 117 exam 3

1. ischemia: lack of blood supply

2. angina: chest pain

3. myocardial infarction: heart attack

4. heart valves: prevent back flow of blood

5. types of heart valves: atrioventricular and semilunar

6. atrioventricular valves: between atria and ventricles

7. semilunar valves: between ventricles and arteries

8. s1 sounds - lubb: AV valve closing sounds

9. s2 sound - dubb: semilunar valve closing sounds

10. right coronary artery: artery vascularizing the right side of the heart

11. left coronary artery: artery supplying blood to the heart tissue

12. Chambers of the heart: right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle

13. great vessels of the heart: venae cavae, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, aorta

14. pulmonary circulation: flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

15. systemic circulation: circulation that supplies blood to all the body except to the lungs

16. cardium-: heart

17. peri-: surrounding, around

18. epi-: outside, outer

19. myo-: muscle, middle

20. endo-: in, within

21. fibrous pericardium: outermost pericardial membrane

22. blood on the right side of the heart: bad blood / deoxygenated blood

23. blood on the left side of the heart: good blood / oxygen rich blood

24. aorta artery: provides blood to body and head

25. Artery function: Carry blood away from the heart

26. left ventricle: receives oxygen-rich blood from the left atrium

27. right ventricle: pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

28. pulmonary veins: Deliver oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium

29. myocardium: heart muscle / allows the heart to act as a pump

30. superior vena cava: receives blood from the head and arms and chest and empties into the right atrium of the

heart

46. Parasympathetic activity: slows heart rate

47. Cardiac Output (CO): Amount of blood pumped in 1 minute (~5 L)

48. CO =? x ?: heart rate HR x stroke volume SV

49. end diastolic volume: the amount of blood in each ventricle at the end of its relaxation period, about 130 mL

50. Preload: another name for end-diastolic volume

51. Starlings Law: As SV increase, VR increase

52. afterload: The force or resistance against which the heart pumps

53. what causes afterload: blood pressure

54. backward left sided heart failure: Fluid backs up into lungs / poor left ventric- ular function

55. forward left sided heart failure: decreases blood flow to systemic circulation / poor left ventricular

56. backward right sided heart failure: blood backs up into veins that drains blood to the right heart

57. intercostal arteries: Carry blood through ribs

58. renal artery: blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney

59. hepatic artery: artery that leads from the celiac trunk to the liver

60. carotid artery: The major artery that supplies blood to the head and brain.

61. subclavian artery: Both a left and right, blood vessels that supply blood to the shoulders and upper limbs.

62. axillary artery: artery that carries oxygenated blood to the axilla (armpit) area

63. radial artery: The major artery in the forearm; it is palpable at the wrist on the thumb side.

64. femoral artery: the major artery supplying the leg

65. dorsalis pedis artery: artery that supplies blood to the foot

66. posterior tibial artery: artery supplying the foot, behind the medial ankle

67. brachial artery: the major artery of the upper arm

68. facial artery: supplies blood to the face

69. median cubital vein: the first choice for venipuncture

70. Circle of Willis: A circle of arteries at the base of the brain that supply blood to the brain

71. left and right internal carotid artieries location: base of the brain

72. liver circulation: carries unoxygenated blood from organs of digestion

73. in liver circulation hepatic vein: carries blood from liver to the IVC

74. in liver circulation the hepatic artery: carries oxygenated blood to the liver

75. fetal circulation: the system of blood vessels and structures through which blood moves in a fetus