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Cybersecurity Fundamentals: Key Concepts and Definitions, Exams of Computer Science

Texas State UniversityComputer Science

A concise overview of fundamental cybersecurity concepts and terminology. It covers essential topics such as command-line interfaces, cpu, sdd, ram, motherboard, gpu, microsoft applications, lan, wan, ip addresses, hubs/switches, dhcp, tcp, default gateways, servers, dmz, http, https, ssl, tls, ftp, ftps, networks, firewalls, ivp4, ivp6, dns, malware, viruses, trojans, ransomware, spyware, worms and terminals. Useful for students and professionals seeking to grasp the basics of cybersecurity.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 07/20/2025

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Martin-Ray-1 🇺🇸

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ICTL Cybersecurity Exam – Complete
and Verified Version.
Page 1 of 4
1. Command Line Interface - Answer: a user types commands represented by
short keywords or abbreviations or presses special keys on the keyboard to enter data
and instructions
2. CPU - Answer: (Central Processing Unit) The key component of a computer
system, which contains the circuitry necessary to interpret and execute program
instructions
3. SDD - Answer: Solid State Drive
- non volatile storage
- no moving parts
- read/write quicker than HDD
- low power consumption
-long term memory
4. RAM - Answer: Random Access Memory; temporary memory. RAM is
expandable, and resides on the motherboard.
5. Motherboard - Answer: A circuit board that contains all of the computer
system's main components.
6. GPU - Answer: controls the manipulation and display of graphics on a display
device
7. Microsoft Word - Answer: A Microsoft application that allows a user to create
word processing documents.
8. Microsoft Excel - Answer: A Microsoft application that allows users to create
spreadsheet documents.
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Download Cybersecurity Fundamentals: Key Concepts and Definitions and more Exams Computer Science in PDF only on Docsity!

and Verified Version.

  1. Command Line Interface - Answer: a user types commands represented by short keywords or abbreviations or presses special keys on the keyboard to enter data and instructions
  2. CPU - Answer: (Central Processing Unit) The key component of a computer system, which contains the circuitry necessary to interpret and execute program instructions
  3. SDD - Answer: Solid State Drive
    • non volatile storage
    • no moving parts
    • read/write quicker than HDD
    • low power consumption
    • long term memory
  4. RAM - Answer: Random Access Memory; temporary memory. RAM is expandable, and resides on the motherboard.
  5. Motherboard - Answer: A circuit board that contains all of the computer system's main components.
  6. GPU - Answer: controls the manipulation and display of graphics on a display device
  7. Microsoft Word - Answer: A Microsoft application that allows a user to create word processing documents.
  8. Microsoft Excel - Answer: A Microsoft application that allows users to create spreadsheet documents.

and Verified Version.

  1. Microsoft PowerPoint - Answer: A Microsoft application that allows a user to create presentation documents used to display information to enhance the flow of information, such as while giving a speech.
  2. LAN - Answer: (Local Area Network) A computer network limited to the immediate area usually the same building or floor of a building or a school campus.
  3. WAN - Answer: Wide Area Network; largest type of network in terms of geographic area; largest WAN is the Internet
  4. IP Address (Internet Protocol Address) - Answer: A number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet.
  5. hub/switch - Answer: a device that provides a central point for cables in a network (only used in LAN)
  6. DHCP - Answer: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. A service used to dynamically assign TCP/IP configuration information to clients. DHCP is often used to assign IP addresses, subnet masks, default gateways, DNS server addresses, and much more.
  7. TCP - Answer: Transmission Control Protocol - provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of packets on the internet. TCP is tightly linked with IP and usually seen as TCP/IP in writing.
  8. default gateway - Answer: In a TCP/IP network, the nearest router to a particular host. This router's IP address is part of the necessary TCP/IP configuration for communicating with multiple networks using IP.
  9. Servers - Answer: Computers that exist only to provide things to others.

and Verified Version.

  1. IVP6 - Answer: 128 bit addresses
  2. DNS - Answer: (Domain Name System) The Internet's system for converting alphabetic names into numeric IP addresses. (Human language into computer language)
  3. Malware - Answer: software designed to infiltrate or damage a computer system without the user's informed consent
  4. Virus - Answer: inserting or attaching itself to a legitimate program or document that supports macros in order to execute its code
  5. Trojan - Answer: A program disguised as a harmless application that actually produces harmful results.
  6. Randsomware - Answer: a type of malicious software designed to block access to a computer system until a sum of money is paid.
  7. Spyware - Answer: software that enables a user to obtain covert information about another's computer activities by transmitting data covertly from their hard drive.
  8. Worms - Answer: Independent computer programs that copy themselves from one computer to other computers over a network
  9. terminal - Answer: allow you to to accomplish daily tasks by interacting with windows and icons, and are helpful for many tasks.