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File Management: Lesson 5 - Understanding Fields, Records, Files, and Databases, Essays (high school) of Computer science

Computer science

A problem-solving format that explains the concepts of fields, records, files, and databases in the context of file management. It covers the differences between these elements and provides definitions and examples of various file organizations. Students will gain a solid understanding of file management principles.

Typology: Essays (high school)

2018/2019

Uploaded on 07/09/2022

rodjean-simballa
rodjean-simballa 🇵🇭

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PROBLEM SOLVING FORMAT
Name: Rodjean A. Simballa Date: 19/11/21 Grade:
Course & Section: BSIT 3D Topic: Lesson 5: File Management
Question and Answer:
1. What is the difference between a field and a record?
ANSWER:
FIELD RECORD
Afieldis the basic element of data. A field
contains a single value such as employee’s
name, a date, or the values. Fields may be fixed
or variable length depends on file design.
Arecordis a collection of related fields that can
be treated as a one group by some application
program. An employee record contains such
fields as name, social security number, job
classification, date and so on. If fields are
variable length then records also variable length.
Records are fixed or variable length depends on
the fields design
2. What is the difference between a file and a database?
ANSWER:
Differences between a file and database:
• Afileis a collection of similar records, but indatabaseis a collection of related data.
• Thefileis a single entity by users and applications and may be referenced by name.
Thedatabaseis the relationships among the elements of data.
•Fileshave unique names and these can be created and deleted. It is a shared system; users and
programs are granted or denied access to entire files. Adatabasemay contain all of the information
relates to an organization. There is a separate database management system that is independent of
the operating system, that system makes use of some file management programs.
3. What is a file management system?
ANSWER:
A file management system is a set of system software that provides services to users and
applications in the use of files, including file access, directory maintenance, and access
control.
The file management system is typically viewed as a system service that itself is served by
the operating system, rather than being part of the operating system itself. However, in any
system, at least part of the file management function is performed by the operating system.
pf3

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Download File Management: Lesson 5 - Understanding Fields, Records, Files, and Databases and more Essays (high school) Computer science in PDF only on Docsity!

PROBLEM SOLVING FORMAT

Name: Rodjean A. Simballa Date: 19/11/21 Grade:

Course & Section: BSIT 3D Topic: Lesson 5: File Management

Question and Answer:

  1. What is the difference between a field and a record?

ANSWER:

FIELD RECORD

A field is the basic element of data. A field contains a single value such as employee’s name, a date, or the values. Fields may be fixed or variable length depends on file design. A record is a collection of related fields that can be treated as a one group by some application program. An employee record contains such fields as name, social security number, job classification, date and so on. If fields are variable length then records also variable length. Records are fixed or variable length depends on the fields design

2. What is the difference between a file and a database?

ANSWER:

Differences between a file and database:

  • A file is a collection of similar records, but in database is a collection of related data.
  • The file is a single entity by users and applications and may be referenced by name. The database is the relationships among the elements of data.
  • Files have unique names and these can be created and deleted. It is a shared system; users and programs are granted or denied access to entire files. A database may contain all of the information relates to an organization. There is a separate database management system that is independent of the operating system, that system makes use of some file management programs.

3. What is a file management system?

ANSWER:

 A file management system is a set of system software that provides services to users and applications in the use of files, including file access, directory maintenance, and access control.  The file management system is typically viewed as a system service that itself is served by the operating system, rather than being part of the operating system itself. However, in any system, at least part of the file management function is performed by the operating system.

4. What criteria are important in choosing a file organization?

ANSWER:

In choosing a file organization several criteria are important

  • Rapid access
  • Ease of update
  • Economy of storage
  • Simple maintenance
  • Reliability

5. List and briefly define five file organizations.

ANSWER:

The Pile The least complicated form of file organization may be termed the pile. Data are collected in the order in which they arrive. Each record consists of one burst of data. The purpose of the pile is simply to accumulate the mass of data and save it. Records may have different fields, or similar fields in different orders. The Sequential File The most common form of file structure is the sequential file. In this type of file, a fixed format is used for records. All records are of the same length, consisting of the same number of fixed-length fields in a particular order. Because the length and position of each field are known, only the values of fields need to be stored; the field name and length for each field are attributes of the file structure. The Indexed Sequential File A popular approach to overcoming the disadvantages of the sequential file is the indexed sequential file. The indexed sequential file maintains the key characteristic of the sequential file: Records are organized in sequence based on a key field. Two features are added: an index to the file to support random access, and an overflow file. The index provides a lookup capability to reach quickly the vicinity of a desired record. The overflow file is similar to the log file used with a sequential file but is integrated so a record in the overflow file is located by following a pointer from its predecessor record. The Indexed File The indexed sequential file retains one limitation of the sequential file: Effective processing is limited to that which is based on a single field of the file. For example, when it is necessary to search for a record on the basis of some other attribute than the key field, both forms of sequential file are inadequate. In some applications, the flexibility of efficiently searching by various attributes is desirable. The Direct or Hashed File The direct, or hashed, file exploits the capability found on disks to access directly any block of a known address. As with sequential and indexed sequential files, a key field is required in each record. However, there is no concept of sequential ordering here. The direct file makes use of hashing on the key value. This function is explained in Hash Table, shows the type of hashing organization with an overflow file that is typically used in a hash file.