Inner Core, Exercises of Earth Sciences

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Inner Core

Heat Source

Outer Core

2X bigger than Inner core

Inner Mantle

Outer Mantle Lithosphere Asthenosphere Continental Crust Oceanic Crust 2X bigger than Oceanic crust Embellish later!

http://www.scienceupdate.com/2003/07/thecore/ http://www.scienceupdate.com/2008/04/solarburnout/

Fun Facts!

Inner Core (^) Outer Core Measure Temp.^ Comp.^ Measure Temp. Comp. Set up the below graphic organizers under each flap

Inner core:

It is 3,200 3,960 miles (5,1506,370 km) below the earth's surface and mainly

consists of iron, nickel and some lighter elements (probably sulphur, carbon,

oxygen, silicon and potassium. The temperature in the inner core is about 9032

10832 ºF (50006000 ºC). Because of the high pressure, the core is solid. The

average density of the core is about 15g/cm³.

Outer core:

The outer core is at 1,800 3,200 miles (2,8905,150 km) below the earth's

surface. The outer core is liquid and mainly consists of iron, some nickel and

about 10% sulphur and oxygen. The temperature in the outer core is about 7200

9032 ºF (40005000ºC). The density of the outer core is between the 10g/cm³ and

12,3g/cm³. The outer core and inner core together cause the earth's magnetism.

The Core

The Mantle Inner Mantle: the inner mantle can be found between 190 miles (300 km) an 1,800 miles (2,890 km) below the earth’s surface. The average temperature is 5400 ºF (3000ºC), nevertheless the rock is solid because of the high pressures. The inner mantle for the biggest part probably consists of sulphides and oxides of silicon and magnesium. The density is between 4.3g/cm³ and 5.4g/cm³. Outer Mantle: The outer mantle is a lot thinner than the inner mantle. It can be found between 7 miles (10 km) and 190 miles (300 km) below the surface of the earth. You can divide the outer mantle into two different layers. The bottom layer is tough liquid rock and probably consists of silicates of iron and magnesium. The temperature in this part is between 2520 ºF (1400ºC) and 5400 º F (3000ºC) and the density is between 3.4g/cm³ and 4.3g/cm³. The upper layer of the outer mantle consists of the same material but is stiffer because of its lower temperature.

Oceanic Crust (^) Continental Crust Measure Temp.^ Comp.^ Measure Temp. Comp. Set up the below graphic organizers under each flap

Word Bank:

mountains

Lithosphere

fossils

move

oceans

peak

Pattern

formation

Word Bank:

1912 Wegener

Pangaea

Mesosaurus forces

shape

Alfred

joined

D. The Theory of Plate Tectonics

1. Earth’s plates are in _________ ___________, each moving with a different ______ and direction.
2. What force is powerful enough to move the plates? _________________ currents in the mantle (asthenosphere)
3. Where does this heat come from that drives convection in the mantle? Some heat is still being released from when Earth was first formed (____ ________) and heat is released from the ___________ of radioactive elements. Word Bank:

convection

rate

older

decay

constant motion^ Big^ Bang

C. SeaFloor Spreading

1. New evidence was uncovered by geologists several decades after Wegener proposed continental drift…where did it come from? 2. MidOcean Ridges a. Definition: chain of ________________ mountains b. Where do they occur? c. Feature associated with midocean ridge: d. Rocks on the ocean floor are ___________ near midocean ridges.
2. Formation of Ocean Crust a. Seafloor spreading ‡ process by which ______ oceanic crust is ____________ at midocean ridges as ___________ crust moves away Word Bank:

younger deep valley on either side

older

forces

underwater

new created

continent tal ver she buh

Kontinentalverschiebung