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The instructions and questions for quiz 1 of the ece3076 internetwork programming course at georgia tech, spring 2007. The quiz covers topics such as ip addresses, dns servers, tcp window size, and round-trip time. Students are required to answer all questions and show their work to receive full credit.
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Prof. John A. Copeland Feb. 21, 2007 E-Mail: [email protected] RULES. i This quiz is not open book. One original sheet of hand-written notes may be used. Calculators are ok. ii Answer all questions and show all work to receive full credit. Use back of sheets only if necessary. iii All sub-questions have the same weight (3.3%). iv Please do not ask the proctors any questions during the exam about exam questions. Part of the test is understanding the question, as written, without supplemental information. If you feel additional data is needed to solve the problem, make (and state) an assumption and then work the problem. v. This is a time-limited test. All papers must be turned in 70 minutes after the start. If you find you are taking more than 10 minutes on a particular problem, move on and come back to that problem after finishing the others. The Georgia Tech Honor Code applies (see last page). Question 1 โ The Internet a. __ Autonomous __ IANA assigns blocks of IP addresses to what kind of Systems (hint: abbreviation is AS)? b. _ Authoritative ___ What type(s) of DNS Server has the IP addresses of all names in the AS? c. _ Top Level (TLD) What type of DNS Server has the IP addresses of every system DNS with a ".edu" ending. d. ____ Root ______ What type of DNS Server has the IP address for the DNS servers for .edu, .com, .gov, .mil, .... e. _ Connectionless _ Even though TCP can set up connections between hosts, the Internet itself (IP) is "______"? f. __ TTL, Time to Live __ The "traceroute" program takes advantage of the fact that each router decrements which field in the IP header? Question 2 โ Bandwidth-Delay Product a. _____ 37.5 _____ (kbytes) If the round-trip time (RTT) for a dedicated 10 Mbit/s connection to California is 30 ms, what is minimum TCP widow size that will allow this channel to be fully utilized? Rate x Delay = 10 Mbits/s x 0.030 s / 8 b/Byte b. _________ 10 _______ (Mbits/s) What will the maximum throughput be if the window is 64 kbytes in the example above. Any Window size larger than Rate x Delay will allow be limited by Rate, which is < Window / Delay c. _______ 1001 0001 __________ What is the one's compliment 8-bit checksum of the following 8-bit binary numbers: 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 - > 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 then bit-wise compliment On a shared network, what two factors cause TCP sending hosts to slow down and relieve congestion: d. __ Buffer fill (Queuing) delays __ What change in the network (routers) causes RTT to increase? e. ______ Lost packets _______ What causes the TCP sender's window to decrease?
Question 3 โ TCP Congestion and Flow Control a. _______ 20 _______ What is the Receiver Window / MSS? b. _____ 9 or 10 _____ At what time (/RTT) did duplicate ACKs cause a successful Fast Retransmission & Fast Recovery? c. ____ 18 or 19 _____ At what time (/RTT) was there a Timeout? d. ______ _22 ______ At what time (/RTT) did Slow-Start (Multiplicative Increase) change to Additive Increase? Receiver Flow Control A TCP Receiver sends an ACK number of 4870 and a Window of 1000. It receives 200 more bytes in two new segments without being able to upload any bytes to the receiving application. e. _____ 5070 ______ What ACK number does it now send? f. ______ 800 ______ What Window number does it now send? Question 4 โ Calculating Round-Trip Time (12 points) Between hosts A in Atlanta and B in Seattle there are 10 routers (X). All links are between routers (---) are 100 Mbps. The access links (LANs, ===) are 1000 Mbps. The distance from A to B is 2400 km. The average signal velocity is 2E8 m/s. Host A starts to send a large file using TCP, sending 1460 byte packets to B. B ACKs with 40 byte packets. There is no other traffic on this network. A ===X---X---X---X---X---X---X---X---X---X===B a. ______ 24 ms ______ What is the propagation delay for the round trip in milliseconds (ms)? 2 x 2.4e6 m / 2e8 m/s = 2.4e-2 s b. ______ 25.1 ms ________ If the router buffers are empty, what is the total round trip delay (neglect processing delay 0.024 s + 2 x 8 x (1460+40)/1e9 + 9 x 8 x (1460+40)/1e8=0.025 + 0. c. ____ 20.7 Mb/s ____ If the window size in 65 kbytes, what will be the maximum transfer rate? 65,000 x 8 / 0. d. _____ 21.2 ms _____ If each router's buffer had 14,600 bytes when A and B's packets got there, how much delay would be added to the RTT (note that the last router has a different output speed)? 2 x (8 x 14,600 / 1e9 + 9 x 8 x 14,600 / 1e8) = 2 x (0.0001 + .0105) = 0.