Introduction - Applying Systems Engineering - Lecture Slides, Slides of Systems Engineering

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Introduction

Systems Engineering Curriculum

Core

510 Intro. to SE

511 Applied SE

513 Systems Requirements

515 Systems Design

Systems Management

• SE Management

• EM courses

Soft/Subjective Systems

• SE Ethics

• Sys. Dynamics

• SE Inquiry

Hard/Analytical Systems

Probability & Statistics

Applied Sys. Optimiz.

Discrete Event Sim.

Safety Systems Eng.

Ethical Considerations

• Identifying and Analyzing

Conflicts

• System Functionality and

Performance

• Development Cost and

Recurring Cost

• Development Schedule

(Time to Market)

• Analysis of Risk (Program and

HS&E)

• Business Viability and

Success

• Stakeholder Interface
  • Often must act as “honest broker”
  • Carries burden of educating

customer on hard choices

• Must think ahead to the next

customer and next application

• Must “challenge” all requirements
• System Optimization
• Subsystems often suboptimal to achieve

best balance at system level

• Ultimate system purpose must prevail

against conflicting considerations

• Long-term considerations (e.g., disposal)

may drive technical decisions

Systems Engineering Mech Engrg^ Elec Engrg Chem Engrg SW Engrg Civil Engrg Systems Engineering Safety Reliability Maintainability Environment Human Values Systems Engineering Avionics Computers Communications Structures Processes Typical Role of Systems Engineering

• Integrates Technical Effort Across the Development Project - Functional Disciplines - Technology Domains - Specialty Concerns

Spread of the

Systems Approach

• Early Proponents
  • Research and Development Corporation (RAND)
  • Robert McNamara (Secretary of Defense)
  • Jay Forrester (Modeling Urban Systems at MIT)
• Growth in Systems Engineering Citations (Engineering Index) - Nil in 1964 - One Page in 1966 - Eight Pages in 1969
• Nine Universities Offered Systems Engineering Programs in 1964 1) Hughes, Thomas P., Rescuing Prometheus , Chapter 4, pps. 141-195, Pantheon Books, New York, 1998.

Evolution of Engineering Disciplines*

• Aerospace
• Biomedical
• Chemical
• Civil
• Electrical
• Environmental
• Mechanical
• Materials
• Marine
• Software AERO **1930 CHEM 1880 BIO 1950 ELEC 1850 CIVIL 500 BC ENVIR 1920 MECH 1800 MARIN 1500 MATL 1700 S/W 1970

• Honour, E. “Characteristics of Engineering Disciplines”,13th**^ Int’l Conference on Systems Engineering, 1999

Books on Systems Engineering Andriole, S.J. (1996). Managing Systems Requirements : Methods, Tools, and Case. Aslaksen, E. and Belcher, R. (1992). Systems Engineering. Athey, T.H. (1982). Systematic Systems Approach: An Integrated Method for Solving Systems Problems. Baumgartner, J.S. (1979). Systems Management. Baylin, E.N. (1990). Functional Modeling of Systems. Beam, W.R. (1990). Systems Engineering: Architecture and Design. Beam, W.R. (1989). Command, Control, and Communications Systems Engineering. Blair, R.N. and Whitston, C.W. (1971). Elements of Industrial Systems Engineering. Blanchard, B.S. (1991). System Engineering Management. Blanchard, B.S., and Fabrycky, W.J. (1998). Systems Engineering and Analysis. Boardman, J. (1990). Systems Engineering: An Introduction. Buede, D.M. (2000). The Engineering Design of Systems: Models and Methods. Chapanis, A. (1996). Human Factors in Systems Engineering. Chapman, W.L., Bahill, A.T., and Wymore, A.W. (1992). Engineering Modeling and Design. Chase, W.P. (1974). Management of System Engineering. Checkland, P.B. (1981). Systems Thinking, Systems Practice. Chestnut, H. (1967). Systems Engineering Methods. Chorafas, D.N. (1989). Systems Architecture and Systems Design. Churchman, C.W. (1971). The Design of Inquiring Systems. Churchman, C.W. (1968). The Systems Approach. Cochin, I. And Plass, H.J. (1997). Analysis and Design of Dynamic Systems. Cooper, D. and Chapman, C. (1987). Risk Analysis for Large Projects: Models, Methods and Cases. Coulouris, G., Dollimore, J., and Kindberg, T. (1994). Distributed Systems Concepts and Design. Daenzer, W.F. (ed.) (1976). Systems Engineering. Defense Systems Management College. (1989). Risk Management: Concepts and Guidance. de Neufville, R. and Stafford. J.H. (1971). Systems Analysis for Engineers and Managers. Dept. Of Army, (1969). A Guide to Systems Engineering. Dhillon, B.S. (1989). Life Cycle Costing. Dhillon, B.S. (1982). Reliability Engineering in Systems Design and Operation. Dickinson, B.W. (1991). Systems: Analysis, Design, and Computation. Dix, A.J. (1991). Formal Methods for Interactive Systems. Dorny, C.N. (1993). Understanding Dynamic Systems: Approaches to Modeling, Analysis and Design. Eisner, H. (1988). Computer-Aided Systems Engineering. Fabrycky, W. et al. (1997). Economic Decision Analysis. Faurre, P. and Depeyrot, M. (1977). Elements of System Theory. Flagle, C.D., Huggins, W.H. and Roy, R.H. (1960). Operations Research and Systems Engineering , Flood, R.L. and Carson, E.R. (1988). Dealing with Complexity, an Introduction to the Theory and Application of Systems Science. Frankel, E.G. (1988). Systems Reliability and Risk Analysis. Gasparski, W. (1984). Understanding Design: The Praxiological-Systemic Perspective. Gheorghe, A. (1982). Applied Systems Engineering. Glegg, G.L. (1981). The Development of Design. Goode, H.H. and Machol, R.E. (1957). System Engineering – An Introduction to the Design of Large-Scale Systems. Gosling, W. (1962). The Design of Engineering Systems. Grady, J.O. (1995). System Engineering Planning and Enterprise Identity. Grady, J.O. (1993). System Requirements Analysis. Grady, J.O. (1997). System Validation and Verification. Hajek, V.J. (1984). Management of Engineering Projects. Hall, A. (1962). A Methodology for Systems Engineering. Hatley, D.J. and Pirbhai, I.A. (1988). Strategies for Real-Time System Specification. Hazelrigg, G.A. (1996). Systems Engineering: An Approach to Information-Based Design. Hubka, V. and Eder, W.E. (1988). Theory of Technical Systems: A Total Concept Theory for Engineering Design. Hunger, J.W. (1995). Engineering the System Solution. Jalote, P. (1994). Fault Tolerance in Distributed Systems. Jenkins, G.M. and Youle, P.V. (1971). Systems Engineering: a Unifying Approach in Industry and Society Jerger, J.L. (1960). Systems Preliminary Design, Principles of Guided Missile Design. Karayanakis, N.M. (1995). Advanced System Modeling and Simulation with Block Diagram Languages. Katzan, H. (1976). Systems Design and Documentation. Klir, G. (1985). Architecture of Systems Problem Solving. Kusiak, A. (ed.) (1992). Intelligent Design and Manufacturing. Lacy, J.A. (1992). Systems Engineering Management: Achieving Total Quality. Larson, W.J. and Wertz, J.R. (eds.) (1992). Space Mission Analysis and Design. Lee, A.M. (1970). Systems Analysis Frameworks. Levi, S. and Agrawala, A.K. (1994). Fault Tolerant System Design. Lin, Y. (1999). General Systems Theory: A Mathematical Approach. Machol, R.E. (1965). Systems Engineering Handbook. Martin, J.N. and Bahill, A.T. (eds.) (1996). Systems Engineering Guidebook: A Process for Developing Systems and Products. McClamroch, N.H. (1980). State Models of Dynamical Systems. McMenamin, S.M. and Palmer, J.F. (1984). Essential Systems Analysis. Mesarovic, M.D. and Takahara, Y. General Systems Theory: Mathematical Foundations. Michaels, J.V. and Wood, W.P. (1989). Design to Cost. Miles, R.F. (ed.) (1971). Systems Concepts. Miller, J.G. (1978). Living Systems. Moody, J.A. et al. (eds) (1997). Metrics and Case Studies for Evaluating Engineering Designs. Nadler, G. (1967). Work Systems Design: The IDEALS Concept. Norman, D.A. (1988). The Design of Everyday Things. Oliver, D.W., Kelliher, T.P., and Keegan, J.G., Jr. (1997). Engineering Complex Systems with Models and Objects. Optner, S.L. (ed.) (1973). Systems Analysis. Ostwald, P.F. and Munoz, J. (1997). Manufacturing Processes and Systems. Padulo, L. and Arbib, M. (1974). System Theory: A Unified State-Space Approach to Continuous and Discrete Systems. Pages, A. and Gondran, M. (1986). System Reliability: Evaluation and Prediction in Engineering. Perry, W.E. (1988). A Structured Approach to Systems Testing. Prasad, B. (1996). Concurrent Engineering Fundamentals: Integrated Product and Process Organization. Purdy, D.C. (1991). A Guide for Writing Successful Engineering Specifications. Rasmussan, J. et al. (1994). Cognitive Systems Engineering. Rea, K.P. and Lientz, B.P. (1998). Breakthrough Technology Project Management. Rechtin, E. and Maier, M.W. (1996). The Art of Systems Architecting. Rechtin, E. (1991). Systems Architecting: Creating and Building Complex Systems. Revelle, C.S., et al. (1997). Civil and Environmental Systems Engineering. Rouse, W.B. and Boff, K.R. (1987). System Design: Behavioral Perspectives on Designers , Tools, and Organizations. Ryschkewitsch, M.G. (1992). The NASA Mission Design Process: An Engineering Guide to the Conceptual Design, Mission Analysis, and Definition Phases. Sage, A.P. (ed.) (1999). Handbook of Systems Engineering. Sage, A.P. (1995). Systems Management for Information Technology and Software Engineering. Sage, A.P. (1992). Systems Engineering. Sage, A.P. (1991). Decision Support Systems Engineering. Sage, A.P. (1977). Methodology for Large-scale Systems. Schuman, S. et al. (1994). Systems, Models, and Measures: Formal Approaches to Computing and Information Technology. Shearer, J.L. et al. (1997). Dynamic Modeling and Control of Engineering Systems. Shinners, S.M. (1976). A Guide to Systems Engineering and Management. Shuey, R.L., Spooner, D.L., and Frieder, O. (1997). The Architecture of Distributed Computer Systems. Stevens, R., et al. (1998). Systems Engineering: Coping with Complexity. Suh, N.P. (1990). The Principles of Design. Turbide, D.A. (1996). Why Systems Fail: And How to Make Sure Yours Doesn’t. Van Gigch, J.P. (1978). Applied General Systems Theory. Vickers, G. (1983). Human Systems Are Different. Wallace, I. (1995). Developing Effective Safety Systems. Wallace, R., Stockenberg, J. and Charrette, R. (1987). A Unified Methodology for Developing Systems. Wright, R.T. (1990). Manufacturing Systems. Wymore, A.W. (1993). Model-based Systems Engineering. Wymore, A.W. (1977). A Mathematical Theory of Systems Engineering: The Elements. Wymore, A.W. (1976). Systems Engineering Methodology for Interdisciplinary Teams.

Histogram of SE Books

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 0 Year (5 yr increments) Number of Books

Standards

• Mil Std 499

• Mil Std 499A

• Mil Std 499B (almost)

• IEEE Standard 1220

• EIA 632

• ISO 15288

• INCOSE Handbook

• Systems Engineering Capability Maturity Model

• etc.