Overview of Business Software & Database Management: Computer Generations & Components, Slides of Introduction to Software Engineering

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BUSINESS SOFTWARES

DATABASE

MANAGEMENT

Abu Bakar LECTURE - 2

INTRODUCTION TO

COMPUTERS

Abu Bakar LECTURE - 2

Computer Hardware Generation (^) CPU Memory I/O Software System Application

GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER:

First Generation

Second Generation

Third Generation

Forth Generation

Fifth Generation

Second Generation

• 1959 - 1963
• Transistors
  • Smaller
  • Faster

CHARACTERISTICS:

 Magnetic Cores  Magnetic Disk (Storage)  Used assembly language  Easier to program PDP , IBM 1401

Third Generation

• 1963 - 1975
• ICs (Integrated Circuits)
  • Small as compared to 2 nd
  • Faster as compared to 2nd

CHARACTERISTICS:

 ICs - Incorporated many transistors & electronic circuits on a single chip  Magnetic Disk (Storage)  Minicomputers accessible by multiple users from remote terminals.  Easier to use  Less Expensive NCR 395 , B 6500

Fifth Generation

• Today - Future
• AI (Artificial Intelligence)
  • Small as compared to 4rd
  • Faster as compared to 4rd

CHARACTERISTICS:

 AI (Artificial Intelligence)  Very Fast  User Friendly  Easy to use

Components of COMPUTER:

Input Device^ •^ Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer

• Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people Output Device
• Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data System Unit
• Records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage media Storage Device
• Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices Communications Device

TYPES OF COMPUTER:

Personal Computers

Mobile computers and mobile devices

Game consoles

Servers

Mainframes

Supercomputers

Embedded computers

PERSONAL COMPUTER:

 A personal computer can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself  Two popular architectures are the PC and the Apple  Desktop computer

MOBILE COMPUTERS & DEVICES:

Notebook computer Tablet PC Smart phones and PDAs E-book reader

MOBILE COMPUTERS & DEVICES:

Handheld computer Portable media player Digital camera

SERVERS:

A server controls access to

the hardware, software,

and other resources on a

network

 Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information

MAINFRAMES:

A mainframe is a large,

expensive, powerful

computer that can handle

hundreds or thousands of

connected users

simultaneously.