Basics of Data Communication & Networking: Transmitting Data & Connecting Devices, Lecture notes of Data Communication Systems and Computer Networks

Download Basics of Data Communication & Networking: Transmitting Data & Connecting Devices and more Lecture notes Data Communication Systems and Computer Networks in PDF only on Docsity!

COMMUNICATION AND

NETWORKING

COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING

This module should teach you basics of Data Communication and Computer Network (DCN) and will also take you through various advanced concepts related to Data Communication and Computer Network.

COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING

Data communication refers to the exchange of data between two or more devices via a transmission medium.

Networking involves connecting multiple devices to facilitate communication and resource sharing.

The purpose of data communication and networking is to enable the efficient transfer of information.

COMMUNICATION

Key Concepts of Data Communication:

Data: Data refers to the raw and unprocessed facts, figures, or symbols that represent information.

Communication: Communication is the exchange of data or information between devices or entities using a common set of rules or protocols.

COMMUNICATION

…Data Transmission: Data transmission involves sending data from the source to the destination over a communication channel or medium.

Communication Medium: The communication medium is the physical path or channel through which data is transmitted, such as wired cables, fiber optics, or wireless radio waves.

COMMUNICATION

Characteristics of Data Communication:

Speed: The rate at which data is transmitted, usually measured in bits per second (bps) or megabits per second (Mbps).

Accuracy: The extent to which the transmitted data remains uncorrupted and error-free.

Reliability: The degree to which data transmission is consistent and free from failures or disruptions.

COMMUNICATION

Security: Measures taken to protect data from unauthorized access or tampering during transmission.

Scalability: The ability of a communication system to accommodate an increasing number of users or devices.

Compatibility: The ability of different devices and systems to work together and exchange data seamlessly.

COMMUNICATION

International Standards Organisation (ISO)

ISO (International Organization for Standardization):

ISO is an international standard-setting body that develops and publishes standards covering various aspects of technology, industry, and commerce.

It is a non-governmental organization with a membership of national standards bodies from more than 160 countries.

COMMUNICATION

ISO standards are developed through a consensus-based process involving experts from different industries and countries.

ISO standards aim to promote global interoperability, quality, safety, and efficiency in products, services, and systems across various sectors.

Some well-known ISO standards include ISO 9001 for quality management systems, ISO 14001 for environmental management systems, ISO 27001 for information security management, and ISO 3166 for country codes, among many others.

COMMUNICATION

OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Model:

The OSI model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven distinct layers.

It was developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in the late 1970s and published in 1984 as ISO 7498-1.

COMMUNICATION

…The OSI model aims to promote interoperability between different network protocols and technologies by defining clear interfaces and responsibilities for each layer.

Each layer of the OSI model performs specific functions, and communication between devices relies on standardized protocols and data formats.

The seven layers of the OSI model, from the bottom to the top, are: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.

COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING

Layer 7: Application Layer:

The Application Layer is the topmost layer and provides network services directly to end-users or applications.

It enables communication between different software applications and interacts with users.

Examples of application layer protocols include HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), FTP (File Transfer Protocol), SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), and DNS (Domain Name System).

COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING

Layer 6: Presentation Layer:

The Presentation Layer is responsible for data representation, encryption, and compression.

It ensures that data is properly formatted and compatible between different systems.

Examples of presentation layer functions include data encryption/decryption, character encoding, and compression/decompression.