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Understanding Project Management: Concepts, Challenges, and Best Practices, Slides of Project Management

Murdoch University (MU)Project Management

An overview of project management, explaining what a project is, the unique aspects of it projects, and the challenges that can lead to project failure. It also discusses the importance of project management principles and the role of a project manager, as well as the five project processes and the associated knowledge areas. The document emphasizes the significance of effective planning and communication in project success.

Typology: Slides

2020/2021

Uploaded on 01/16/2022

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Project Management
What is a project?
A project is a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique product or provide a unique
service. A project ends when its objectives have been achieved or the project is terminated. Many
application areas undertake projects, including business, science, mathematics, and IT.
IT projects have the following distinct properties:
They involve unique combination of software, hardware, and networking
They may have imprecise initial requirements
The discipline of developing information systems is immature
There is a lack of good experienced IT project managers
The speed of technological change creates many challenges
In any project, there are three constraints which can impose management difficulties on the
project. These are termed the triple constraints, because the project aim is to complete:
1. on time – how long the project should take to complete
2. on budget – how much completing the project will cost
3. within the scope – the total amount of work to meet the requirements of the project
However, the constraints may more accurately be named the quadruple constraints, because the
quality of project deliverables is dependent of the other three constraints. All four constraints can
have a significant impact on the end product and therefore the success of the project. Dealing with
the constraints often means considering a trade-off between them. For example if time is blowing
out, the scope may need to be adjusted. However, this could affect the quality of the end product
and possibly the return on investment. You need to consider the effect on the other constraints,
should one or more blow out!
scope
time cost
quality
pf3
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Download Understanding Project Management: Concepts, Challenges, and Best Practices and more Slides Project Management in PDF only on Docsity!

Project Management

What is a project?

A project is a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique product or provide a unique service. A project ends when its objectives have been achieved or the project is terminated. Many application areas undertake projects, including business, science, mathematics, and IT. IT projects have the following distinct properties :  They involve unique combination of software, hardware, and networking  They may have imprecise initial requirements  The discipline of developing information systems is immature  There is a lack of good experienced IT project managers  The speed of technological change creates many challenges In any project, there are three constraints which can impose management difficulties on the project. These are termed the triple constraints , because the project aim is to complete:

  1. on time – how long the project should take to complete
  2. on budget – how much completing the project will cost
  3. within the scope – the total amount of work to meet the requirements of the project However, the constraints may more accurately be named the quadruple constraints, because the quality of project deliverables is dependent of the other three constraints. All four constraints can have a significant impact on the end product and therefore the success of the project. Dealing with the constraints often means considering a trade-off between them. For example if time is blowing out, the scope may need to be adjusted. However, this could affect the quality of the end product and possibly the return on investment. You need to consider the effect on the other constraints, should one or more blow out! scope time cost quality

Why projects fail:  Within an organization, only the project team is interested in the end result  Lack of management support and user involvement  Insufficient resources are allocated  No one is in charge / poor project leadership  The project lacks structure / detail  The project is not tracked against its management plan  The project team is not communicating effectively  The project strays from its original goals  Poor problem definition and analysis / solving the wrong problem  Project is too ambitious  Inadequate design / testing / implementation  Users can’t use the system effectively

All of these issues are a result of poor project management practices.

What is project management?

Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet the requirements. Advantages of following project management principles, and developing and using project management plans:  Higher success rate  Shorter development time  Higher product quality and increased reliability  Higher work-place morale  Better control of financial, capital and human resources ◦ Lower costs and improved productivity ◦ Higher profit margins  Improved client relations To manage a project, a project manager is required; someone must lead and control project activities. The overarching responsibilities of the project manager are:  Planning project activities  Scheduling tasks  Assigning tasks to the project team members  Working with the team to achieve project goals  Coordinating and managing all project activities The project manager must employ both hard (knowledge and technical) and soft (people) skills, along with the following skills:  Communication  Organizational  Team-building  Leadership  Coping  Technology There are many job functions required to effectively manage a project. Refer to the seminar slides. There are 5 project processes that should occur during any project or phase of a project:

  1. Initiation:  determining/assigning a project manager  identifying stakeholders

end of week 5. You should conduct your project according to the PMP that you develop, and develop the software product according to the Requirements and Analysis Document. This means that for the first 5 weeks of the semester, the effort from all team members should be concentrated on planning your project activities and working on a breakdown of the tasks required for the design of the product to be developed. Your supervisor will assess you on your doing so, and can assist you with advice.