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An introduction to Object-Oored Programming (OOP) using Java. It covers the basics of programming, data, and the concept of objects, including their collection of data values and associated operations. The document also explains the problem-solving process and the implementation phase of writing a program in Java. Additionally, it discusses the importance of high-level programming languages and their compilation into machine code or bytecode.
Typology: Slides
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By
Salamudeen Alhassan
Information
Any knowledge that can be communicated including
abstract ideas and concepts such as “the Earth is
round.”
Object
A collection of data values and associated Operations.
Virtually any kind of information can be represented
as an object.
Computer program (computer programming)
Instructions defining a set of objects and
orchestrating their interactions to solve a problem
Overview of Object-Oriented
Programming
A computer is not intelligent. It cannot analyze a
problem and come up with a solution.
A human (the programmer) must analyze the
problem, develop the objects and instructions for
solving the problem, and then have the computer
carry out the instructions.
What’s the advantage of using a computer if it can’t
solve problems? Once we have written a solution for
the computer, the computer can repeat the solution
very quickly and consistently, again and again.
Maintenance Phase
Use. Use the program.
Maintain. Modify the program to meet changing
requirements or to correct any errors that show up
in using it.
Class
A description of the representation of a specific kind of
object, in terms of data and operational behaviours.
Algorithm
Instructions for solving a problem in a finite amount of
time using a finite amount of data.
A program is an algorithm that is written for a computer.
Java programs are generally referred to as applications
All data in a computer are stored and used in binary
codes, consisting of strings of 1s and 0s.
Instructions and data are stored together in the
computer’s memory using these binary codes.
Machine language
The language, made up of binary coded instructions, that
is used directly by the computer.
Assembly language
A low level programming language in which a mnemonic
represents each machine language instruction for a
particular computer.
Typical instructions for addition and subtraction
might look like this:
Assembly Language Machine Language
Assembly language represents a step in the right
direction, but it still forces programmers to think in
terms of individual machine instructions.
Eventually, computer scientists developed high-level
programming languages. These languages are easier
to use than assembly languages or machine code
because they are closer to English and other natural
languages.
Assembler
◦ A program that translates an assembly language program into
machine code.
A program called a compiler translates algorithms
written in certain high-level languages (Java, C+
+,Visual Basic, and Ada, for example) into machine
language.
Compiler
◦ A program that translates code written in a high-level language
into machine code.