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JOINT FIREPOWER COURSE (MIDTERM EXAM]
Order of precedence between multinational, joint, multi-service, and service doctrine.
- Multinational Doctrine
- Joint Doctrine
- Multiservice Doctrine
- service Doctrine
Multinational Doctrine Fundamental principles that guide the employment of forces of TWO OR MORE NATIONS toward a common objective. RATIFIED BY THE NATIONS
Joint Doctrine Fundamental principles that guide the employment of US MILITARY forces in coordinated action toward a common objective, promulgated by the Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff
Multiservice Doctrine Fundamental principles that guide the employment of forces of TWO OR MORE SERVICES in coordinated action towards a common objective. SIGNATORY SERVICES ARE THE PROPONENTS
Service Doctrine Fundamental principles that guide the employment of forces of a SINGLE SERVICE. Prepared under direction of the Service Cheifs of Stff
Unified Action The synchronization, coordination, and/or integration of the activities of governmental and non-governmental entities with military operation to ACHEIVE UNITY OF EFFORT.
Unity of Command All forces operate under a single commander with the requisite authority to direct all forces employed in pursuit of a common purpose
Unity of Effort coordination and cooperation toward common objectives, even if the participants are not of the same command or organization (product of unified action)
Types of Command Relationships
- COCOM (Combatant Command)
A SUPPORT RELATIONSHIP IS ESTABLISHED BY A
COMMON SUPERIOR COMMANDER between subordinate commanders when one organization should AID, PROTECT, COMPLEMENT, OR SUSTAIN ANOTHER FORCE. -Supported: what, where, when -Supporting: who and how
Two Distinct Chain of Command Branches Operational and Administrative
Operational Chain of Command Authority, direction, and control of operational forces through Combatant Commanders (CCDR) utilizing the following chain of command
- President of the United States
- Secretary of Defense ---------Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in an advisory role
- Combatant Commanders
- Service Component Commands
Administrative Chain of Command Authority and control of forces through Service Secretaries utilizing the following chain of command
- President of the United States
- Secretary of Defense ---------Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in an advisory role
- Secretaries of Military Departments
- Service Chiefs
- (ADCON) Commander of Military Service Forces
Identify The Four Positions that may Create a Joint Task Force
- Secretary of Defense
- Geographic Combatant Commander
- Subunified Commander
- Existing Joint Task Force Commander
Seven Tenets of Air and Space Power
- Centralized Control/Decentralized Execution
- Flexibility & Versatility
- Synergistic Effects
- Persistence
- Concentration
- Priority
- Balance
Counterair
Close Proximity NOT A SPECIFIC DISTANCE. Situational and REQUIRES DETAILED INTEGRATION and TERMINAL ATTACK CONTROL.
Detailed Integration LEVEL OF COORDINATION required to achieve effects while minimizing the risk of fratricide
Air Force Level of Organization
- HQ
- Major Commands
- Numbered Air Forces
- Wings
- Groups
- Squadrons
Multidomain Operations The combined arms employment of Joint and Army capabilities to creat and exploit relative advantages that achieve objectives, defeat enemy forces, and consolidate gains as part of unified action
4 Types of Multidomain Operations
- Offensive Operations (Outside US, defeat ENY)
- Defensive Operations (Outside US, defeat ENY attack)
- Stability Operations (Outside US, est or maint. secure env.)
- Defense Support of Civil Authorities (In US, request for assistance)
4 Tenets of Multidomain Operations
- Agility
- Convergence
- Endurance
- Depth
3 Types of Brigade Combat Teams
- Armor
- Stryker
- Infantry
USN Primary Mission
USN Power Projection Missions
- Strike Warfare - Destruction or Neutralization of ENEMY ASHORE
- Amphibious Warfare - Attacks launched from the Sea by LANDING FORCES (includes CAS & NSFS)
Littorals --Seaward: area from the open ocean to the shore --Landward: are inland that can be defended directly from the sea
Carrier Strike Groups Perform All Mission Sets Except... Amphibious Warfare and Mine Warfare
Marine Corps Organization
- Supporting Establishment (TRADOC)
- Operating Forces (FORCOM)
- Marine Corps Forces Reserve
Marine Corps Command Structure
- President of the United States
- Secretary of Defense ---------Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in an advisory role
- Secretary of the Navy
- Commandant of the Marine Corps
Marine Corps Warfighting Philosophy Seeks to shatter the enemy's cohesion through a variety of rapid, focused, and unexpected actions which create a turbulent and rapidly deteriorating situations with which the enemy cannot cope Through:
- FIREPOWER & MOBILITY- complimentary and mutually dependent
- COMBINED ARMS- Use of all available resources to achieve the greatest effect on the battlefield
4 Sizes of Marine air-ground task force (by combat capability and power)
- Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF) ---Principal warfighting org of the MC
- Marine Expeditionary Brigade (MEB)
- Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU)
- Special Purpose MAGTF
- JSOC (Joint Special Ops) **USSOCOM is a combatant command with a function mission focus
SOF Land and Air Liaisons
- SOCCE- Established to synchronize joint LAND operations and harmonize actions between the SOF and Conventional Force elements
- SOLE- Liaison organization linking special operations AIR with the conventional air component
SOF Assets and Contributions
- USASOC- Special Forces, 75th Ranger BN, 160th SOAR, Military Information Group, Civil Affairs BDE
- NAVSPECWARCOM- SEAL Teams, Seal Delivery Teams (SDV), and Special Boat Teams (SBT)
- AFSOC- Specialized Aircraft and Aircrews, Long-RG ops in denied airspace, Special Tactics Team (STT)
- MARSOC- Marine Raider Regiment (MRR)
12 core activities of USSOCOM
- Direct Action (DA)
- Special Reconnaissance (SR)
- Counterterrorism
- Unconventional Warfare
- Foreign Internal Defense
- Military Information Support Operations
- Civil Affairs
- Countering of Weapons of Mass Destruction
- Security Force Assistance
- Hostage Rescue and Recovery
- Counterinsurgency
- Foreign Humanitarian Assistance
5 Components of TAGS
- TACS- Theater Air Control System
- AAGS- Army Air Ground System
- NTACS- Navy Tactical air Control System
- MACCS- Marine Air CMD and Control System
- SOAGS- Special Operations Air-Ground System
Joint Force Commander (JFC) A general term applied to a combatant commander, sub-unified commander, or joint task force commander authorized to exercise
Senior Agency of the AFFOR, if not the JFACC. Jointly staffed facility established for planning, directing, and executing joint air operations in support of the JFC's operation or campaign objectives. Senior Element in TACS. Provides Centralized Control. Issues ATO & ACO. Provides C2 for THEATER air forces. Where the JFACC hangs
Wing Operations Center (WOC) Air Expeditionary Wing CDR C2 element with TWO WAY COMMUNICATION between the AOC. Provides decentralized execution. Breaks out ATO into specific missions, sorties and crew.
Joint Air Component Coordination Element (JACCE) Senior AF LIAISON to the AAGS. Liaison element, not a C2 node and is co-located with the JFLCC staff.
Control and Reporting Center(CRC) Senior USAF RADAR element. Subordinate to the AOC. Provides decentralized execution of airspace control and air defense. Positive control of aircraft. Recommends changes in air defense warning conditions.
Tactical Air Control Party (TACP) Two Primary missions:
- Liaison- Advise ground commanders on capabilities/limitations of air operations
- Control- Provide terminal attack control of CAS
Subordinate to ASOC. Plans and coordinates with the FC. Operates and Monitors JARN
--Located from CORPS/DIV/BCT/BN
Air Support Operations Center (ASOC) Senior AF Liaison and control element to the AAGS. Coordinates and directs air support for land forces. Provides rapid reaction to IMMEDIATE CAS REQUESTS utilizing the Joint Air Request Net. Doctrinally located at the DIVISION level, withing the JAGIC. Used by TACP
Airborne Warning And Control System (AWACS) Subordinate to the AOC. Provides battle management C2, Radar coverage (long range, low level beyond coverage of ground based radar), Airborne alternate to CRC
Joint Surveillance and Target Attack Radar System (JSTARS) Provides commanders with situation development, battle management, targeting, attack planning and limited post-attack
--Processes, coordinates, and APPROVES PREPLANNED TACTICAL AIR SUPPORT REQUESTS --One from JFLCC/CORP/DIV/BCT/BN
Fires Cell (FC) Responsible for all fires on SURFACE targets. --One from CORPS/DIV/BCT/BN
Airspace Element (AE) Links theater ARMY airspace section with BCD. ---Air Defense Airspace Management/Brigade Aviation Element (ADAM/BAE.) located at BCT ---AE is located at CORPS/DIV
Battlefield Coordination Detachment (BCD) Senior ARMY LIAISON in the Air Operations Center for selected operational functions between the ARFOR and TACS
Ground/Reconnaissance Liaison Detachment (GLD) Works within the WOC, but works for and reports to BCD. Provides Army expertise to AF fighter, bomber, and airlift wings. Briefs ground tactical situation.
Army Air and Missile Defense Command (AAMDC) Operational lead for counterair operations who ensures the ARFOR contribution is planned, coordinated, integrated, and synchronized.
Falls below the JFLCC CP
Normally also designated as
- Theater Army Air and Missile Defense Coordinator for the JFLCC
- Deputy Area Air Defense COMMANDER for Air Missile Defense (AMD)
Air Defense Artillery Fire Control Officer (ADAFCO) Single Point of contact between Army land-based AMD fire direction centers and the controlling authority. Co located with the AOC and the CRC.
Air Defense Artillery Brigade (ADA BDE) Theater-level operations through use of THAAD and Patriot assets. BDE CDR advises AAMDC on overall counterair and AMD integration, synchronization and employment.
Air Defense Artillery Battalion (ADA BN)
