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KETTERING TESTS FINAL STUDY GUIDE 2026
PRACTICE SOLUTION SET
โ right atria. Answer: receives blood from the great veins โ tricuspid. Answer: valve between the right atria and right ventricle โ left coronary artery. Answer: coronary arteries give rise to the circumflex branch โ left ventricle. Answer: the largest and thickest heart chamber โ myocardium. Answer: The cardiac muscle tissue of the heart โ infarction. Answer: occurs when coronary circulation becomes blocked and the cardiac muscle cells die from lack of oxygen โ 4. Answer: How many pulmonary veins does the left atria receive blood from? โ mitral. Answer: is NOT a half mooned shaped valve
โ blood pressure. Answer: is the force exerted against the vascular walls by the blood called when the push exerted by cardiac contraction is resisted by the elasticity of the vessel walls โ 95 %. Answer: the normal oxygen saturation of the left ventricle โ capillaries. Answer: are thin wall blood vessels that permit the diffusion of gases nutrients and wastes between the plasma and interstitial fluids โ chordae tendonae. Answer: During ventricular contraction , the prevention of backflow or regurgitation of blood back into the atrium is the function of the โ pulse pressure systolic - pulse pressure diastolic. Answer: the formula for aortic pulse pressure โ venules. Answer: receives blood from the capillaries โ 6 mmHg. Answer: the normal pressure in the right atria โ 25/8 mmHg. Answer: the normal pulmonary artery pressure
โ atrioventricular node. Answer: will generate an action potential at a rate of 40 - 60 per minute โ interatrial septum. Answer: divides the right atrium from the left atrium โ the normal conduction pathway of the heart. Answer: SA node AV node bundle of his right and left bundle branches Purkinje fibers โ How does blood normally flow. Answer: arteries arterioles capillaries venules veins โ NOT directly affect the heart. Answer: growth hormones โ does not carry oxygenated blood. Answer: pulmonary artery โ What occluded artery would most likely cause a lateral wall infarction ?. Answer: circumflex โ The sympathetic and parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system provide intervention to the heart via the. Answer: cardiac plexus
โ Where does the normal conduction system terminate in the heart ?. Answer: Purkinje fibers โ How does blood normally flow through the heart ?. Answer: right atria right ventricle lungs left atria left ventricle โ medial. Answer: is toward the body's longitudinal axis ward the โ the function of the ventricles. Answer: pump blood to the lungs pump blood to the arteries pump blood to the systemic and pulmonary systems โ The function of atrial chambers. Answer: to collect blood returning to the heart and deliver it to the attached ventricle โ superficial. Answer: at near or relatively close to the body surface โ The cardiac centers of the_____________ contain the autonomic headquarters for cardiac control. Answer: medulla oblongata โ superior vena cava. Answer: delivers blood to the right atrium from the head neck upper limbs and chest
โ Which would be an indication to stop the stress testing procedure ?. Answer: ST depression greater than 1 mm for 0.8 second โ A 50 year old patient is being prepared for an exercise stress test He has a resting heart rate of 84 bpm , BP 128/86 mmHg respiratory rate of 12 bpm and VT of 485 mL. What is the patient's maximum heart rate ?. Answer: 170 โ Which drugs can be used with patients unable to exercise sufficiently to reach an adequate heart rate ?. Answer: dipyridamole โ Which would you get more dependable workloads from ?. Answer: cycle ergometer โ After 3 minutes into a Bruce exercise stress test the patients systolic pressure remains unchanged and the diastolic pressure has fallen rapidly. The technician should. Answer: terminate the test โ NOT a contraindication to stress testing ?. Answer: dyspnea โ pH decreases and lactic acid increases. Answer: occurs when a patient reaches the anaerobic threshold
โ MCL 1 and MCL 5. Answer: lead system preferred during stress testing โ stroke volume x heart rate. Answer: used to calculate cardiac output โ heart rate x systolic blood pressure + 100. Answer: used to calculate double product โ MCL stand for ?. Answer: modified chest lead โ abnormal response to exercise testing ?. Answer: an ST segment depression of 1 mm โ When utilizing the Naughton stress testing protocol the workload is increased every. Answer: 2 minutes โ How long does the redistribution period take once thallium - 201 is administered ?. Answer: 2-4 hours โ The QRS complex should be less than ______small squares wide .. Answer: 3 โ The T wave represents. Answer: repolarization of the ventricles
โ A negative inotropic affect would. Answer: decrease the strength of contraction โ Which anti arrhythmic drug is given with an initial dose of 1mg / kg ?. Answer: lidocaine โ Which drugs is the most common agent for arrhythmias refractory to lidocaine ?. Answer: bretylium โ These drugs can have increased effects when used with calcium channel blockers ?. Answer: nitrates โ Which drug is NOT an alpha adrenergic blocker ?. Answer: latensin โ Which selectively block alpha adrenergic receptors to reduce pulmonary vascular resistance ?. Answer: doxazosin โ A short or flat T wave occurs when there is. Answer: hypokalemia โ In a sinus rhythm the electrical impulse originates from. Answer: SA node
โ The proper placement of the Ve chest lead is at the. Answer: 5th intercostal space left midaxillary line โ Flutter is a heart rate between. Answer: 250-350 beats / minute โ A three channel ECG machine :. Answer: records three leads at the same time โ the arrhythmias creates a series of identical P waves that give a " saw tooth " appearance. Answer: atrial flutter โ ________________ is when the P - R interval becomes longer and longer unit it skips a beat ( no QRS ) .. Answer: Mobitz I AV block โ The ECG chest leads ( Vโ and Vโ ) show a double R wave ( R , R ' ). This will diagnose. Answer: right bundle branch block โ A positive lead I and a negative lead AVF would indicate. Answer: left axis deviation โ Ventricular hypertrophy is diagnosed by R wave changes in leads. Answer: Vโ and V5.
โ During this phase sodium moves rapidly into the cell and potassium begins to exit converting the electrical forces within the cell to a positive charge. This phase is called. Answer: phase 0. โ A condition in which ions of opposite charges are separated by a semi permeable membrane such as a cell membrane called. Answer: polarization โ Movement of the transmembrane potential away from + mV values and toward the resting potential is called. Answer: repolarization โ The difference measured about - 90 mV across the cell membrane is. Answer: transmembrane potential โ A conducted change in the transmembrane potential of excitable cells , initiated by a change in the membrane permeability to sodium ions is. Answer: action potential โ Which phase of the action potential curve represents the resting phase ?. Answer: phase 4 โ A change in the transmembrane potential that moves it from a negative value towards 0 mV is. Answer: depolarization
โ A brief rapid change toward the repolarization process during which the membrane potential returns to 0 mV is called phase. Answer: phase 1. โ A plateau or stabilization period caused by the slow influx of sodium and the slow exit of potassium is called phase. Answer: phase 2. โ This phase is depicted by an upstroke of the action potential curve and is called phase. Answer: phase 0. โ The period between the initiation of an action potential and the restoration of the normal resting potential is. Answer: refractory period โ The phase that represents a sudden acceleration of repolarization as potassium leaves rapidly causing the inside of the cell to move toward a more negative state is called. Answer: phase 3. โ Which is a contraindication for exercise stress testing ?. Answer: PaO2 of less than 40 mmHg on room air โ Which is used to tag the patient's blood cells in the Muga Stress Test ?. Answer: technetium 99.
โ If you were only able to use one lead to monitor the ECG of a patient during a Kattus exercise stress test procedure you should use. Answer: modified V5. โ Which would NOT increase as the workload increases ?. Answer: deadspace โ What exercise stress test protocol would you use on someone who had a noncomplicated controlled MI about 15 weeks ago ?. Answer: Modified Bruce โ Which medication can be safely used during a stress test ?. Answer: dobutamine โ Vasoconstriction during stress testing will result in. Answer: increased vascular resistance โ During an exercise evaluation a patient develops PVC at a frequency of 12 per minute and significant ST segment depression Which of the following conditions would be most likely to cause these changes ?. Answer: ischemic heart disease โ Where would you measure blood pressure non - invasively during a stress exercise test ?. Answer: brachial artery
โ Which of the following is the normal value for MET unit ?. Answer: 3.5 mL / min / kg โ Which will NOT vary the workload during an incremental stress test when using a treadmill ?. Answer: resistance adjustment โ
