Lab 3: Oral Presentation Contents | ECE 2260, Lab Reports of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Material Type: Lab; Class: Fund Electric Circuits; Subject: Electrical & Computer Engg; University: University of Utah; Term: Unknown 1989;

Typology: Lab Reports

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2260
LAB 3 Oral Presentation Contents
Each student must make one oral presentation in lab during the semester.
Presentations will last five minutes and will be given at the beginning of the lab session. The
presentations will describe work performed the previous or current week in lab by way of
review. Practice your talk and be succinct. Stick to the five-minute time frame.
Week 2 of lab:
Presentation 3.1: Overview of x-y plots on oscilloscope
a) Explain that your presentation will discuss what types of figures you get on an
oscilloscope in x-y mode as a prelude to the patterns produced on the oscilloscope in
Lab 3.
b) Draw the following x(t) and y(t) waveforms versus time and then as they would appear
on an oscilloscope in x-y mode. (Explain why they produce the corresponding
patterns.)
i) x(t) = y(t) = sin(2!t)
ii) x(t) = sin(2!t), y(t) = cos(2!t)
iii) x(t) = square wave, y(t) = x(t) but shifted by one-quarter cycle
iv) x(t) = triangle wave, y(t) = x(t) but shifted by one-quarter cycle
c) Summarize your results.
Presentation 3.2: Dual spiral plots on oscilloscope
a) Explain that your presentation will discuss the spiral patterns produced on the
oscilloscope in Lab 3.
b) Draw the following x(t) and y(t) waveforms versus time and then as they would appear
on an oscilloscope in x-y mode. (Explain why they produce the corresponding
patterns.)
i) x(t) = sin(2!t), y(t) = cos(2!t) [to connect with previous talk]
ii) x(t) =
ae
α
tsin(
β
t)
, y(t) =
be
α
tcos(
β
t)
iii) x(t) =
ae
α
tsin(
β
t)
, y(t) =
be
α
tcos(
β
t)+c
iv) x(t) and y(t) as in (iii) until spiral dies out, followed by
x(t) =
ae
α
tsin(
β
t)
, y(t) =
be
α
tcos(
β
t)c
(i.e., negative of previous x and y)
c) Summarize your results and point out that (iv) is what we get in Lab 3.
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2260 LAB 3 Oral Presentation Contents Each student must make one oral presentation in lab during the semester. Presentations will last five minutes and will be given at the beginning of the lab session. The presentations will describe work performed the previous or current week in lab by way of review. Practice your talk and be succinct. Stick to the five-minute time frame. Week 2 of lab: Presentation 3.1: Overview of x-y plots on oscilloscope a) Explain that your presentation will discuss what types of figures you get on an oscilloscope in x-y mode as a prelude to the patterns produced on the oscilloscope in Lab 3. b) Draw the following x(t) and y(t) waveforms versus time and then as they would appear on an oscilloscope in x-y mode. (Explain why they produce the corresponding patterns.) i) x(t) = y(t) = sin(2!t) ii) x(t) = sin(2!t), y(t) = cos(2!t) iii) x(t) = square wave, y(t) = x(t) but shifted by one-quarter cycle iv) x(t) = triangle wave, y(t) = x(t) but shifted by one-quarter cycle c) Summarize your results. Presentation 3.2: Dual spiral plots on oscilloscope a) Explain that your presentation will discuss the spiral patterns produced on the oscilloscope in Lab 3. b) Draw the following x(t) and y(t) waveforms versus time and then as they would appear on an oscilloscope in x-y mode. (Explain why they produce the corresponding patterns.) i) x(t) = sin(2!t), y(t) = cos(2!t) [to connect with previous talk] ii) x(t) = € ae −^ α t^ sin(β t ) , y(t) = € be −^ α t^ cos( β t ) iii) x(t) = € ae −^ α t^ sin(β t ) , y(t) = € be −^ α t^ cos( β t ) + c iv) x(t) and y(t) as in (iii) until spiral dies out, followed by x(t) = € − ae − α t sin( β t ), y(t) = € − be − α t cos( β t ) − c (i.e., negative of previous x and y) c) Summarize your results and point out that (iv) is what we get in Lab 3.

Presentation 3.3: RLC circuit response a) Explain that your presentation will describe the current that flows in the left half side of the circuit for Lab 3. (vo is proportional to this current) b) Redraw the left side of the Lab 3 circuit on the board. Do not draw the op-amp and R3. Instead, connect the right side of R2 to reference. c) Discuss what waveform you expect to get for the current in the circuit when the input voltage steps from 0 to 1V at time zero. (This will be a decaying sinusoid, but will it be a decaying cos() or will it be a decaying sin()?) Consider the current flow at time t=0+. Assume initial conditions are zero. d) Summarize your talk by plotting the shape expected for the current. Presentation 3.4: Role of op-amp in Lab 3 circuit a) Explain that your presentation will cover the role of the op-amp in Lab 3. b) Draw the circuit for Lab 3 on the board. c) Explain the behavior of an ideal op-amp with negative feedback: the voltages at the inputs are equal, and no current flows into the op-amp. d) Explain that we solve op-amp problems by calculating the current i flowing toward the

  • input from the left if the right side of R2 is connected to reference (since we will have 0 volts at the + and - inputs). The same current then flows through R3. Thus, vo = R3* i. e) Point out that the op-amp turns i into a voltage vo and has adjustable gain determined by R3. f) Summarize your results and point out that given your results we need only calculate i on the left assuming R2 is connected to reference. vo will follow from i. Presentation 3.5: Initial conditions for Lab 3 circuit a) Explain that your presentation will discuss initial conditions for the circuit of Lab 3. b) Draw the circuit for Lab 3 on the board. Use only the left side and connect the right side of R2 to reference. c) Note that although we have a square wave input, we will assume it is a negative DC value forever before it steps to a positive DC value forever. The idea is that the square is so slow that the circuit settles to its final state between transitions on the input. d) Derive the initial conditions for L, C1, and C2. Use the argument that the same current flows in C1 and C2 so Q = CV is the same for both C1 and C2. Also, the sum of the capacitor voltages must equal the negative DC input voltage before time zero. Give the resulting values for vc1 and vc2 at t=0-. e) Summarize your results by listing all the initial conditions for L, C1, and C2. Presentation 3.6: Laplace domain model for current in RLC for Lab 3 a) Explain that your presentation will discuss the Laplace-domain model for the left side of the circuit in Lab 3. b) Draw the s-domain model for the left side of the circuit for Lab 3 (with the right side of R2 connected to reference) including sources for initial conditions. c) Draw a more compact model that will suffice for finding the current. That is, combine R1 and R2 into Req, and C1 and C2 into Ceq. d) Summarize your talk by writing down the formulas you get for current, I(s), and voltage V 1 (s).

Presentation 3.10: How to measure a, b, and c from plots a) Explain that your presentation will discuss issues in the measurement of the amplitudes, a and b, and the DC offset, c, of the decaying sinusoids in the x-y spiral plots. b) Sketch v o( t ) and v 1 ( t ) on the board (versus time rather than as an x-y plot). c) Point out that the DC offset (i.e., value of c) for v 1 ( t ) decays away over time because a scope probe attached to measure v 1 ( t ) acts like a resistor from the junction between C 1 and C 2 to reference. Treat L as a wire and the C's as opens to determine the final values for the voltages on C 1 and C 2. d) Suggest a procedure for determining the value of c from the oscilloscope plot given the long-term droop of v 1 ( t ). e) Suggest a procedure for determining the value of b. (Easy) Also, suggest a procedure for determining the value of "a" by extrapolating back to t = 0 from the first peak of the v 0 ( t ) waveform using the value of decay constant α. (This will lead in to the next talk.) f) Summarize your talk by noting that the problem of measuring a, b, and c involves many subtleties that can affect accuracy, and that the methods you have described are only a starting point. Presentation 3.11: How to measure α and β from plots a) Explain that your presentation will discuss issues in the measurement of the decay rate, α, and the frequency, β, of the decaying sinusoids in the x-y spiral plots. b) Sketch v o( t ) and v 1 ( t ) on the board (versus time rather than as an x-y plot). c) Suggest a procedure for measuring the frequency, β. Note that using zero crossings is better than using peaks, since peaks actually move slightly because of the exponential decay. Also, the zero crossings are more accurate for v o( t ) than for v 1 ( t ) owing to the lack of a DC offset in v o( t ). d) Summarize your talk by noting that the problem of measuring α and β involves many subtleties that can affect accuracy, (such as determining exactly where t = 0 is, for example), and that the methods you have described are only a starting point. Presentation 3.12: Recap Lab 3 a) Explain that your presentation will recap the derivations of the Lab 3 circuit. b) Draw the Lab 3 circuit on the board. c) Explain that the RLC produces decaying sinusoids for spirals d) Explain that the op-amp turns current through R2 into vo but with adjustable gain determined by R3. e) Explain that the capacitance is split into two pieces to enable us to have vo and v 1 90° out of phase. f) Point out any aspects of the circuit design that you feel are instructive. g) Summarize your talk by noting that Lab 3 was a challenging exercise in using Laplace transforms.