Language Origin, Evolution and Development, Study Guides, Projects, Research of English Literature

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CURRICULUM OF

ENGLISH

BS

(Revised 2017)

HIGHER EDUCATION COMMISSION

ISLAMABAD

CURRICULUM DIVISION, HEC

Prof. Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed Prof. Dr. Arshad Ali Mr. Muhammad Raza Chohan Dr. Muhammad Idrees Syeda Sanober Rizvi Mr. Riaz-ul-Haque

Chairman Executive Director Director General (Academics) Director (Curriculum) Deputy Director (Curriculum) Assistant Director (Curriculum)

PREFACE

The curriculum, with varying definitions, is said to be a plan of the teaching-learning process that students of an academic programme are required to undergo to achieve some specific objectives. It includes scheme of studies, objectives & learning outcomes, course contents, teaching methodologies and assessment/ evaluation. Since knowledge in all disciplines and fields is expanding at a fast pace and new disciplines are also emerging; it is imperative that curricula be developed and revised accordingly.

University Grants Commission (UGC) was designated as the competent authority to develop, review and revise curricula beyond Class-XII vide Section 3, Sub-Section 2 (ii), Act of Parliament No. X of 1976 titled “Supervision of Curricula and Textbooks and Maintenance of Standard of Education”. With the repeal of UGC Act, the same function was assigned to the Higher Education Commission (HEC) under its Ordinance of 2002, Section 10, Sub-Section 1 (v).

In compliance with the above provisions, the Curriculum Division of HEC undertakes the revision of curricula regularly through respective National Curriculum Revision Committees (NCRCs) which consist of eminent professors and researchers of relevant fields from public and private sector universities, R&D organizations, councils, industry and civil society by seeking nominations from their organizations.

In order to impart quality education which is at par with indigenous needs and international standards, HEC NCRCs have developed unified framework/ templates as guidelines for the development and revision of curricula in the disciplines of Basic Sciences, Applied Sciences, Social Sciences, Agriculture and Engineering.

It is hoped that this curriculum document, prepared by the respective NCRCs, would serve the purpose of meeting our national, social and economic needs, and it would also provide the level of competency specified in Pakistan Qualification Framework to make it compatible with international educational standards. The curriculum is also placed on the website of HEC

http://hec.gov.pk/english/services/universities/RevisedCurricula/Pages/d efault.aspx

(Muhammad Raza Chohan) Director General (Academics)

CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

STAGE-I STAGE-II STAGE-III STAGE-IV

CURRI. UNDER CURRI. IN^ FINAL STAGE FOLLOW UP CONSIDERATION DRAFT STAGE STUDY

COLLECTION OF APPRAISAL OF 1ST^ PREP. OF FINAL QUESTIONNAIRE REC DRAFT BY EXP. OF COL./UNIV^ CURRI.

FINALIZATION OF INCORPORATION OF COMMENTS CONS. OF CRC. DRAFT BY CRC REC. OF V.C.C.

PREP. OF DRAFT APPROVAL OF PRINTING OF BY CRC CURRI. BY V.C.C. CURRI. REVIEW

Abbreviations Used: CRC. Curriculum Revision IMPLE. OF CURRI.^ BACK TO STAGE-I Committee VCC. Vice Chancellor’s Committee EXP. Experts COL. Colleges UNI. Universities PREP. Preparation (^) ORIENTATION REC. Recommendations COURSES

CURRICULUM REVISION COMMITTEE 2017

Prof. Dr. Muhammad Safeer Awan, Dean,

Faculty of Languages Convener National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad

Prof. Dr. Nasir Jamal Khattak

2. Dept. of English Member University of Peshawar, Peshawar. Dr. Humaira Ahmad
3. Associate Professor Secretary Iqra University Islamabad Campus. Dr. Saeed ur Rehman, Member/Inch Associate Professor & Former HoD, arge
4. Department of English, Literature Forman Christian College, Lahore. sub- committee Dr. Kamal ud Din,
5. Acting HoD, Department of English, Member Forman Christian College, Lahore. Dr. Asadullah Larik, Professor,
6. Department of Business Administration, Member Iqra University, Defence View, Shaheed-e-Millat Road, Karachi Dr. Zafar Iqbal, Dean,
7. Department of English, Member Imperial College of Business Studies, Canal Bank Road, Bahria Chowk, Lahore Dr. Azhar Pervaiz, Professor,
8. Department of English Member University of Sargodha, Ibn-e-Khaldun-Block, Sargodha. Dr. Fauzia Janjua Associate Professor,
9. Department of English, Member International Islamic University, Islamabad. Dr. Muhammad Saeed Akhter,
10. Chairperson / Associate Professor, Member Department of English,

Women University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Bagh, Azad Kashmir. Dr. Riaz Ahmed Mangrio, HoD,

11. Department of English, Member Hafiz Hayat Campus, University of Gujrat, Gujrat. Dr. Muhammad Asim Mahmood

Chairperson / Associate Professor, Department of Applied Linguistics, Member Government College University, Faisalabad. Dr. Sarwat Rasul, Associate Professor/ Chairperson,

13. Department Of English Member Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi. Dr. Habibullah Pathan, Director / Associate Professor
14. English Languages Development Centre, Member Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro Dr. Rehana Yasmin Anjum, Assistant Professor,
15. Department Of English, Member Government College Women University, Sialkot. Dr. Nadia Anwar, Assistant Professor,
16. Department of English Language & Literature, Member Library Building, Level-5 , University of Management & Technology, C-11, Johar Town, Lahore,. Dr. Sadia Zulfiqar Assistant Professor,
17. Department Of English, Member Lahore College For Women University, Jail Road, Lahore. Dr. Rizwan Akhtar,
18. Assistant Professor, Member Department of English, University of The Punjab, Lahore.

Dr. Muhammad ismail Wali, Assistant Professor, Member

Rationale of Curriculum Review and Revisions

Societies, states, individuals remain in a state of constant change and flux. The purpose of education, in Bertrand Russell’s words, is to replace an empty mind with an open one. However, if the means, materials and sources of education remain frozen in time and place, education cannot bring about the desirable change in the individuals and society at large. Keeping in view this spirit, the HEC constituted committees to review and revise Pakistan’s national curricula. The committee formed for the revision of English studies prepared the following syllabi for BS and MS levels.

As the focus in humanities is shifting and growing towards more interdisciplinary/transdisciplinary concerns, the English Studies program is developed for a more inclusive vision about society and culture by realigning language and literary studies with cultural studies in general.

Parameters of Review and Revision In the beginning of meeting in Lahore, the chair of the committee laid down some parameters that may serve as the guiding principles governing all proposed amendments, revisions, deletions and additions:

1. To make the syllabi more global as well as regional and local in their ethos as, at present, the courses and the selection of authors and their works are more Euro-American centric.
2. To observe the principle of progression and sequencing in the proposed syllabi from BS/MA level to MPhil and PhD level so that the students may get maximum learning exposure about new writers and their works.
3. To incorporate pressing/critical issues for English studies with special focus on inculcating environmental consciousness, introductory knowledge of Muslim narratives, basics of translation studies, literature and film, women’s writings etc. In language studies, Metro-linguistics, eco-linguistics, corpus, computational, forensic linguistics and speech therapy are proposed for the syllabi. The inclusion of War Literature, Life Narrative Studies, World Literature in Translation, World Englishes, Corpus and translation, corpus and research, literature and visual narratives, Literature and Environmental Studies, Literature and Globalization, Intercultural Pragmatics, Language and Media, etc. at various levels of study are likely to make our national curriculum of English more contemporaneous, and relevant to the issues of our times. In addition, the inclusion of Rumi, Tagore, Tolstoy, etc. is emphasized. The inclusion of representative global, regional, ethnic and minority cultures and literatures is the hallmark of the new scheme of studies.

4. To strike a desirable balance between idealism and pragmatism while devising the new courses, keeping in view condition of human and intellectual resources at colleges and universities located in the far-flung areas of Pakistan.
5. To revamp the whole scheme keeping in mind the fact that English is no more the language of the British Isles only. Rather, its numerous world varieties referred to as “world englishes” are to be kept in view while making proposals.
6. To bring the outline of all courses at par with those of international institutions especially of the advanced countries as due to lapses and lacks in our local scheme of studies, Pakistani students and scholars face problems in getting admissions and jobs abroad. The coding system of the new scheme is also devised on those lines that clearly reflect its various levels.
7. Most importantly, the scheme for BS English studies is prepared as a general degree programme in humanities and liberal arts. Therefore, the nuances of literature and linguistics are held off for MS/M.Phil. and PhD. levels. Here focus is more on providing opportunity to the students to read maximum cultural texts, that is, “literatures in englishes” from around the world.

Nomenclature After detailed deliberations, the nomenclatures of various degrees in English were decided: BS English (Language and Literature) MS/M.Phil. (literature) MS/ M.Phil. (Linguistics) MS/ M.Phil. ELT Ph.D. (Literature) Ph.D. (Linguistics)

Majority of the members agreed that the spirit of BS in English is to offer a degree that addresses the issues of general, open-minded education without creating any specialist streams at this level. The purpose is to give a comprehensive exposure to the students without going into unnecessary distinctions about literature and linguistics, which is of course desirable at the advanced level of research degrees only, as is evident from the nomenclature of degree programs also.

After initial discussion and laying down of certain SoPs, the committee was divided into two sub-committees: Sub-committee for the literature courses was led by Dr. Saeed ur Rehman from FCCU, Lahore and Dr. Furrukh Khan from LUMS, Lahore. Sub-committee for the language and linguistic courses was led by Dr. Ghulam Mustafa Mashori from Shah Abdul Latif University, Jamshoro, and Dr. Azhar Pervaiz, Assistant Professor, Incharge Department of English, University of Sargodha.

INDICATIVE LIST OF AREAS FROM WHICH

GENERAL COURSES COULD BE CHOSEN

SOCIAL MANAGEMENT

APPLIED SCIENCES

SCIENCE SCIENCES

Psychology Entrepreneurship Environment Science Philosophy Market & Finance Introduction to Statistics Mass Human Resource Health & Physical Communication Management Education Sociology Org. Behaviour Any other Political Science Total Quality Management Geography Any other International Relation Education History Economics Social Work Human Rights Gender Studies Anthropology Law Any other

Please note:

1. The foundation courses in the Scheme of Studies are mandatory for all Literature & Linguistics students.
2. The choice of the author and/or text in some literature courses is at the discretion of the department concerned (see course contents).
3. Universities/affiliated colleges may offer Electives other than those suggested in the Scheme of Studies as per available expertise and resources.
4. General Courses (GC) are offered by the departments concerned.
5. Depending upon the results of need-based analyses the universities/affiliated colleges concerned are advised to design non-credit courses of up to two (02) semesters to improve the language skills of the students. It will be mandatory for students to pass these courses.

SCHEME OF STUDIES

SEMESTER-WISE BREAKDOWN OF BS (ENGLISH) COURSES

YEAR 1

FIRST SEMESTER

Course Course Title Course type Cr Code Hrs GC101 Study Skills Compulsory 3 General GC102 Introduction to Geography General 3 GC103 Pakistan Studies Compulsory 2 ELL101 English I: Reading and Foundational 3 Writing Skills ELL102 Introduction to Literary Subject-specific 3 Studies Foundational ELL103 Introduction to Language Subject-specific 3 Studies Foundational Total 17

SECOND SEMESTER

Course Course Title Course type Cr Code Hrs GC104 Islamic Studies Compulsory 2 GC105 Elementary Mathematics General 3 & Stats GC106 Introduction to Philosophy General 3 ELL104 English II: Composition Foundational 3 Writing ELL105 Introduction to Phonetics Subject-specific 3 & Phonology Foundational ELL106 Literary Forms and Subject-specific 3 Movements Foundational Total 17 YEAR 2

THIRD SEMESTER

Course Course Title Course type Cr. Codes Hrs GC201 Introduction to Information & Foundational 2+ Computer Technology (ICT) Skills GC202 Islamic History & Culture General 3

SIXTH SEMESTER

Course Course Title Course type Cr. Codes Hrs ELL305 Modern Poetry Subject-specific 3 ELL306 Modern Drama Subject-specific 3 ELL307 Modern Novel Subject-specific 3 ELL308 Grammar & Syntax Subject-specific 3 ELL309 Discourse Studies Subject-specific 3 ELL310 Creative Nonfiction Subject-specific 3 Total 18

YEAR 4

SEVENTH SEMESTER

Course Course Title Course Type Cr. Codes Hrs ELL401 Research Methods and Subject-specific 3 Term Paper Writing ELL402 Introduction to Applied Subject-specific 3 Linguistics ELL403 Introduction to Stylistics Subject-specific 3

ELL404 Literary Theory and Subject-specific 3 Practice ELL405 Pakistani Literature in Subject-specific 3 English Total 15

EIGHTH SEMESTER

Course Course Title Course Type Cr. Codes Hrs ELL406 Postcolonial Literature Subject-specific 3 ELL407 American Literature Subject-specific 3 ELL408 Introduction to Translation Subject-specific 3 Studies ELL409 Introduction to Women’s Subject-specific 3 Writing ELL410 World Englishes Subject-specific 3 Total 15

1. The given courses in the seventh and eighth semesters may be replaced with courses from the list of electives given below, provided the required expertise is available in the department. However, the ratio of the literature and linguistics courses should

remain the same as the aim of undergrad degree is to impart general education in humanities.

2. The choice of general courses may also be determined by the availability of expertise in the institution.

LIST OF ELECTIVES FOR BS (ENGLISH) PROGRAM

ENGLISH LITERATURE

1. African Literature
2. Postcolonial Women’s Writing
3. Postmodern Fiction
4. Islam and Western Literature
5. Pakistani Folk Literature

ENGLISH LANGUAGE/LINGUISTICS

1. Emerging Trends in Sociolinguistics
2. Introduction to Computational Linguistics
3. ESP
4. Introduction to Critical Pedagogy
5. Pakistani English
6. Second language acquisition
7. Introduction to Syntax
8. Introduction to Forensic Linguistics
9. Clinical Linguistics
10. Language Testing and Assessment
11. Language and education
12. Language and gender
13. Corpus linguistics

Summary

Sr # Categories No. of Credit Courses Hours 1 Foundational 05 15 2 Compulsory 02 04 3 Compulsory General 03 09 4 General 05 15 5 Subject-specific Foundational 04 12 6 Subject-specific 27 81 Total 46 136

● Evaluate what you learn

4. Setting Goals and Solving Problems ● Set goals for success in college ● How to develop a positive attitude
5. Sharpening Your Classroom Skills ● Prepare for Class ● Become an Active Listener ● Develop A Personal Note-Taking System ● Guidelines for Note Taking ● The Informal Outline/Keywords System ● The Cornell Method ● Matching Note-Taking Style and Learning Style ● Learn To Make Effective Presentations
6. Making the Most of Your Time ● How to GRAB Some Time ● Scheduling Your Time ● Time Management and Learning Style ● Procrastination
7. Creating Your Study System ● SQ3R: The Basic System ● Devising Your Study System
8. Organizing Information for Study ● Memorization ● Concept or Information Maps ● Comparison Charts ● Timelines ● Process Diagrams ● Informal Outlines ● Branching Diagrams
9. Controlling Your Concentration ● Concentrations ● Eliminate Distractions ● Use A Study System ● Strategies to Improve Concentration
10. Preparing for Tests ● How To Prepare for Tests: Three Steps ● Develop a Test-taking Routine ● Master Objective Tests ● Know How to Answer Essay Questions
11. Becoming an Active Reader ● Reading Actively ● Find the Main Idea, Details, and Implications ● Using a Textbook Marking System
12. How to use a dictionary
13. Building Career Skills ● Working in the New Economy

● Where the Jobs will be ● Choosing Your Future ● Your course of Study ● Your Plan ● What Employers Want ● Career Skills to Develop ● Workplace Ethics ● From University to Work ● Your Resume and Cover Letter ● The Interview

Recommended Readings ● Bain, Ken. (2012). What the best college students do. ● Kanar, Carol C. (2001). The Confident Student. Houghton Mifflin Co. ● Mcmillan, Kathleen. (2011). The Study skills book. Pearson. ● Pauk, Walter. How to Study in College. ● Wallace, M.J. (1980). Study Skills in English.

Course Title: Introduction to Geography Level: BS 1st Course Code: GC

Course Description Analyses the physical structure of the earth’s surface, including landforms, weather, climate, and biogeography. Emphasizes understanding of what makes each point on Earth unique and how humans interact with physical systems in multiple ways.

Course Objectives Students should be able to: ● Explain the causes of seasons ● Discuss the formation of major landforms. ● Discuss the function, temperature profile and composition of the atmosphere. ● Discuss the hydrologic cycle, and the distribution and allocation of water resources for humans. ● Analyze patterns and consequences of human environment interaction.

Course Outline

UNIT 1: DEFINING GEOGRAPHY

1.1 Definition of Geography 1.2 Scope of Geography 1.3 Trends in evolution of Geography as a science