Introducti
on to
Philosoph
y
Ms. Shaina Bianca J. Gerente
Lesson 1: Meaning and Origin of
Philosophy
Prepare for your exams
Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points to download
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Guidelines and tips
Prepare for your exams
Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points to download
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Concepts of Philosophy and methods of Philosophizing
Typology: Slides
2021/2022
1 / 37
This page cannot be seen from the preview
Don't miss anything!
Related documents
Partial preview of the text
Download Lesson 1 and 2: PHILO and more Slides Philosophy in PDF only on Docsity!
Introducti
on to
Philosoph
y
Ms. Shaina Bianca J. Gerente
Lesson 1: Meaning and Origin of
Philosophy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES Distinguish a holistic perspective from a partial point of view Recognize human activities that emanated from deliberate reflection Realize the value of doing philosophy in obtaining a broad perspective on life Do a philosophical reflection on a concrete situation from a holistic perspective
Ancient Greek philosophers became pioneers in various fields of knowledge: Astronomy Physics Mathematics History Medicine Biology
Why
Philosophiz
e?
Branches of Philosophy Aesthetic Logic Ethics^ Metaphysi cs Political Philosophy deals with beauty and what makes things “beautiful”. deals with correct reasoning. deals with moral questions and dilemmas. deals with questions regarding reality and existence. deals with questions of justice, power and the right obligations of citizens.
“Philosophy of the Human Person” An area in philosophy that understands the human person from a philosophical perspective-integrating and synthesizing the different branches of philosophy. know the truth about the human person.
Introducti
on to
Philosoph
y
Ms. Shaina Bianca J. Gerente
Lesson 2: Methods of
Philosophizing
LEARNING OBJECTIVES Distinguish opinion from truth. Analyze situation that show the difference between opinion and truth. Realize the methods of philosophy leads to wisdom and truth. Evaluate opinions.
FACT Is something you can prove to be either true or false Needs an evidence Cannot be change. Is how a person feels about something Can be change Less concrete OPINION
Fallaci
es
Examples of Fallacies
"The only reason you
could possibly be in
favor of this is because
you're not being honest
about your own
sexuality.“
A theory is discarded not because of any evidence against it or lack of evidence for it, but because of the person who argues for it.
Appeal to Force ( argumentum ad baculum ) Someone in a position of power threatens to bring down unfortunate consequences upon anyone who dares to disagree with a proffered proposition. Melvin: Boss, why do I have to work on weekends when nobody else in the company does? Boss: Am I sensing insubordination? I can find another employee very quickly, thanks to Craigslist, you know.
ad misericordiam (appeal to pity) In offering an argument, pity is appealed to. Usually this happens when people argue for special treatment on the basis of their need. I really deserve an “A” on this paper, professor. Not only did I study during my grandmother’s funeral, but I also passed up the heart transplant surgery, even though that was the first matching donor in 3 years.
ad populum (appeal to popularity) The truth of a claim is established only on the basis of its popularity and familiarity. A 2005 Gallup Poll found that an estimated 25% of Americans over the age of 18 believe in astrology—or that the position of the stars and planets can affect people's lives. That is roughly 75,000,000 people. Therefore, there must be some truth to astrology!