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this lesson plan covers the structure of the cell including organelles like mitochondria, nucleus and cell membrane
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Target group: First year students, rst semester. For education and training as a nurse nurse(General, community and psychiat ) and midwife, leading to registration (R 425 Februa 1985 as amended).
Subject : Anatomy
eme : e cells, tissues and organisation of the body.
Topic : e cell structure and functions
Target group: First year students, rst semester. For education and training as a registered nurse and midwife, leading to registration (R 174 ).
Subject : Anatomy
eme : e cells, tissues and organisation of the body.
Topic : e cell structure and functions
When a famer decides to grow a fruit three in his garden.
He will use one small seed.
After planting that seed, he will wait patiently for the small three to grow from the seed. is means that no matter how tall or big the three is,
Its origin is a ve tiny/ small seed.
Today we will talk about the cell
THE CELL PLASMA MEMBRANE CYTOPLASM ORGANELLES
NECLEUS MITOCHONDRIA RIBOSOMES GOLG APPARATUS ENDOPLASMIC RECTICULUM LYSOSOMES CYTOSKELETON Smooth & Rough Micro laments Microtubules Centrosome s Cell extensions
A cell is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all living organisms. It is the smallest unit of life, capable of car ing out essential processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
e exible membrane Separates two if the body’s major uid components Intracellular Extracellular Plays a dynamic role in cellular activities
STURCTURE
Double layer of phospholipids Polar
Non-Polar
(Fatty Acids)
What are the meanings of Hydrophobic & Hydrophilic?
Describe what is meant by bilayer of plasma membrane?
Who can explain the possible reason of having a plasma membrane in its format/structure.
Membrane lipids Hydrophilic heads are attracted to uids. Lie on both the inner and outer su aces of the membrane. Non-polar heads are hydrophobic, avoiding water. Line up in the centre of the membrane. Making a sandwich like structure.
Membrane lipids
Cholesterol
20 % of membrane is lipid is cholesterol. Cholesterol has a polar region & non-polar region. Is embedded between the phospholipid tails, thus sti ens the membrane.
Membrane protein
Protein make up about half of the plasma membrane. Are specialised for most of the specialised membrane functions. Some drift freely along the membrane su ace. Some are restricted in their movement.
Integral Proteins Peripheral Proteins
Membrane protein
Integral Proteins (see Page 98 )
Are rmly inse ed into the lipid bilayer. Some protrude from one membrane face, others on both. (transmembrane proteins). Involved in transpo and form channels/ pores. Small H 2 O soluble molecules & ions pass through (Bypassing lipid pa of membrane)
Other functions
Carriers that bind to a substance & move it through the membrane. Some are enzymes Some are receptors for hormones Others are chemical messengers & relay messages to the cell interior (signal transduction).
Membrane protein
Peripheral Proteins
Unlike integral proteins, they are embedded in the lipid bilayer. Either attached loosely to integral proteins or Have hydrophobic region that anchors them to the membrane. Some are enzymes Some are motor proteins involved in mechanical functions such as Changing cell shape during cell division Muscle cell constriction
INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY Read/ study membrane carbohydrates and the Glycocalyx,
Periphera
l Proteins
Passive process Used by substances that are unable to di use through the semipermeable membrane.
