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LETRS Unit 5 - 8 Posttest
Once students decode well, which statement describes the relationship between vocabulary and reading comprehension? Comprehension develops independently of vocabulary. There is a weak relationship between vocabulary and comprehension, at best. Vocabulary is the best single predictor of reading comprehension. Vocabulary is too difficult to measure, so the relationship is unclear. - ANSWER-Vocabulary is the best single predictor of reading comprehension.q In teaching the word invisible, the teacher broke it into the parts in - vis - ible and talked about the meanings of the parts. Which aspect of language was emphasized? morphology semantics phonology syllabification - ANSWER-morphology According to research on differences in word growth, which of the following is NOT true? A 4-year-old whose vocabulary is underdeveloped may learn about 1. root word meanings per day. A typical 4-year-old acquires 2.4 root word meanings per day. It is important to provide experiences to stimulate language development growth for children. The gap in word knowledge automatically decreases by the end of grade
- ANSWER-The gap in word knowledge automatically decreases by the end of grade 2. Which of the following is least likely to narrow the vocabulary gap for students who know fewer word meanings when beginning school? daily read-alouds from well-written children's literature
watching children's television programs teachers modeling the use of literate vocabulary many times per day explicit vocabulary instruction in literature, math, science, and social studies - ANSWER-watching children's television programs To introduce a Tier 2 vocabulary word explicitly and systematically before reading, which of these strategies would be the least effective? giving several examples of how the word is used in context asking students to write the word 10 times until they can spell it asking students to pronounce the word slowly syllable by syllable providing a student-friendly definition - ANSWER-asking students to write the word 10 times until they can spell it Students must learn the meanings of several thousand new words every year if they are going to meet grade-level expectations for vocabulary growth. About how many of those word meanings should teachers aim to teach explicitly and thoroughly per week? 2- 10- 30- 60-80 - ANSWER-10- When a student is an accurate but slow reader, which of the following practices is most effective? Focus instruction on foundational reading skills that address multiple aspects of language. Emphasize the memorization of vocabulary lists and writing sight words. Use texts below the student's reading level to ensure success. Since the most important thing is accuracy, it does not matter if the student is slow. - ANSWER-Focus instruction on foundational reading skills that address multiple aspects of language. In what way should the vocabulary instruction of English Learners (ELs) be distinguished from the vocabulary instruction of native English speakers? They may need to learn the meanings of the Tier 1 words in a passage. They are likely to need more emphasis on Tier 3 words. They should be taught to read the words, not to pronounce them.
need several rereadings to remember new information. - ANSWER- acquire new knowledge faster from the text. A valuable first step before reading a text with a group of students is: telling students how the story is going to end. asking students to select the vocabulary words they don't know. clearly stating the purpose for reading the text. summarizing the main ideas for the students. - ANSWER-clearly stating the purpose for reading the text. Which of the following is the best description of the comprehension process as it relates to reading? linking the surface code with ideas in the text base ANSWERing multiple-choice questions after reading completing a graphic organizer showing main ideas taking a picture walk to preview the text - ANSWER-linking the surface code with ideas in the text base Which teaching strategy is most likely to help students construct a mental model of a text's meanings? asking students to do an unassisted cold read of the text having students discuss their favorite books as a group accepting any interpretation that a student generates anticipating the takeaways and building background knowledge - ANSWER-anticipating the takeaways and building background knowledge Standardized tests of reading comprehension have been shown by research to: give varied results depending on the content and format. give very consistent results and be highly reliable. measure decoding skills, not language comprehension. be irrelevant to classroom reading performance. - ANSWER-give varied results depending on the content and format. Which technique would be least relevant for teaching an informational passage about the difference between frogs and toads? setting up a Venn diagram or T-chart for making comparisons outlining the elements of story grammar bringing live specimens of frogs and toads to class
calling attention to phrases such as "in contrast" - ANSWER-outlining the elements of story grammar Which of the following would be a good example to use while teaching students to identify compound sentences? After the rain, we went out and started again. The team went out and played in the rain. The rain came but the team played on. The team, drenched by the rain, played without stopping. - ANSWER-The rain came but the team played on. Which of the following activities would help students identify cohesive ties in a text? having students draw arrows between pronouns and their referents having students underline main ideas in one color and details in another reminding students of the questions they need to ANSWER asking students to summarize orally after reading - ANSWER-having students draw arrows between pronouns and their referents Which kind of text structure organization is suggested by the topic sentence, "Here are some easy steps for making pancakes"? cause/effect compare/contrast persuasion or opinion process (time sequence) - ANSWER-process (time sequence) Which criterion best describes a high-quality text for use in read-alouds or comprehension instruction? It is popular with students. It has simple language and beautiful illustrations. It is worth rereading for new meanings. It is written by a famous author. - ANSWER-It is worth rereading for new meanings. When students are still learning foundational reading skills, the recommended division of instructional time between word work and language comprehension is: approximately 2-5 minutes on word work and the rest on language comprehension. about 30-40 minutes on word work during a 90-minute reading lesson.
Which one of the following is not a key difference between narrative and informational text? the types of cohesive devices or transition words that are used the length, density, and complexity of sentences the logical structure of the paragraphs and discourse its appropriateness for classroom libraries in all grades - ANSWER-its appropriateness for classroom libraries in all grades Dialect differences characterize students in many regions of the United States. Research supports handling these language differences by: explicitly contrasting "home language" with "school language" in frequent, brief lessons. refraining from commenting on the difference between "home language" and "school language." correcting all instances of home language use in classroom conversation. modeling school language and hoping that students spontaneously adjust their speech. - ANSWER-explicitly contrasting "home language" with "school language" in frequent, brief lessons. If an English Learner (EL) is confused about the meaning of a reading passage, a teacher might be more successful conveying the meaning by: calling on other students to avoid embarrassing the EL student. supplementing the language in the text with pictures, actions, and objects. pronouncing words very slowly and more loudly for the EL student. reading the passage again and then asking the student the same questions. - ANSWER-supplementing the language in the text with pictures, actions, and objects. Which of these techniques is least helpful for encouraging comprehension monitoring (e.g., students noticing and reacting when the text does not make sense to them)? waiting until a reading is completed and then asking students to summarize encouraging students to ask for clarification as soon as they are confused using a signal system, such as a stop sign and U-turn sign, to promote rereading and a green light to indicate the comprehension problem has been resolved
encouraging students to "turn and talk" or to work collaboratively with a partner or small group to clarify meaning - ANSWER-waiting until a reading is completed and then asking students to summarize About how many American students demonstrate "proficient" or "advanced" writing skills by grade 8, according to the National Assessment of Educational Progress (2007)? 10 percent 33 percent 60 percent 80 percent - ANSWER-33 percent Writing is sometimes called the "quintessential mental juggling act" because: it requires more cognitive, motor, and language skills than any other academic activity. producing a written composition is similar to drawing and painting. writers have to consider and select from many good ideas when writing. writing is a combination of visual-spatial skills and language comprehension. - ANSWER-it requires more cognitive, motor, and language skills than any other academic activity. The act of transcribing words into print by hand or by keyboarding is part of which phase of the writing process? planning translating reviewing all of the above - ANSWER-translating Which statement best describes the relationship between foundational writing skills (handwriting, spelling, punctuation, capitalization) and composition? Students will pick up the foundational skills if the emphasis is on meaningful composition. If foundational skills are emphasized, then composition skill will likely develop. An equal emphasis on learning foundational skills and composition will work best for most students. Students' natural inclination to express themselves is the most important aspect of writing to encourage. - ANSWER-An equal emphasis
a list of proofreading symbols for students to mark their work. - ANSWER-a few specific reminders of skills the student has learned and practiced. The most practical way for teachers to assess student progress in writing is to use: curriculum-based measures, such as the number of correct word sequences in writing probes. individual portfolios with samples of students' writing through the whole year. a checklist of skill development according to a valid rubric. all of the above. - ANSWER-all of the above.
