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LEWIS STRUCTURES CLIFF NOTES Name:________________
The goal of the Lewis structure is to have all atoms get an octet after the structure is complete!
(H only wants 2 e- and B wants 6)
- Write the chemical formula, and count the total # of valence electrons. This is the amount of electrons allowed in the Lewis Structure These electrons can be placed anywhere in the structure and don’t belong to any specific atom
- Arrange the atoms around each other. Hints:
a) The least electronegative atom typically goes in the center - usually C
b) Hydrogen is terminal (at the end b/c it only can form 1 bond)
- Put in electrons (dots) around the atoms to satisfy the octet of all the atoms
- Check to see that you have the same # e-s as in step 1, if not, rearrange the # e- s and/or atoms.
5. CONNECT THE DOTS between atoms. 2 e- = a bond, denoted by a line ( : = -)
Guided practice problems:
carbon monoxide
CH 2 O
Lewis Structures Practice Worksheet 1
Draw the Lewis structures for the following:
a) Nitrogen trifluoride b) Methane
c) Fluorine d) oxygen
e) Water f) Sulfur dichloride
g) Phosphorus pentachloride h) Methyl Alcohol (CH 3 OH)
Lewis Structures Practice Worksheet 2
Draw the best Lewis structures for the following molecules or ions:
a) Phosphorus tribromide f) oxygen
b) (Diazine) Dinitrogen dihydride g) nitrogen
c) Methanol CH 3 OH h) formaldehyde CH 2 O
d) Nitrite ion i) nitrite ion (draw differently than letter d)
e) Ethene C 2 H 4 j) Acetylene C 2 H 2
Lewis Structures Practice Worksheet 3
Draw the best Lewis structures for the following molecules or ions:
k) SBF (keep boron central) p) bromine
l) HBr q) iodine
m) C 2 H 5 OH (ethanol) r) fluorine
n) dinitrogen tetrafluoride s) What do you notice about the formulas of the elements of hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine?
o) sulfur hexafluoride t) carbon dioxide
Draw all of the possible resonance structures for the following ions or molecules:
nitrate ion:
formate ion (CHO 2 -1):
cyclobutadiene (C 4 H 4 ):
ozone (O 3 ):
