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Link aggregation redundancy, High school final essays of Computer science

Computer science

Link aggregation allows the creation of logical links made up of several physical links. EtherChannel is a form of link aggregation used in switched networks.

Typology: High school final essays

2020/2021

Uploaded on 08/02/2022

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04/10/2020

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•P2 Discuss LAN redundancy, bandwidth and load related issues and possible solutions with reference to Layer 2

and Layer 3 of the OSI Model.

•Introduce and analyse LAN redundancy, related issues and

spanning tree protocols.

•Issues related to redundancy, spanning tree concepts,

Spanning Tree

•Protocols.

•Examine link aggregation concepts and operations, configure

link aggregation

•using EtherChannel technology.

•Tutor-led/facilitated group discussions a nd tutorials on

redundant network design.

•Individual work: Examine redundant network designs.

•Discuss and evaluate redundancy needs at router level.

•Individual work: Explore, investigate and compare

router redundancy protocols.

Objec tives

Transport Network Design

Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria

Pass Merit Distinction

LO1 Explore LAN design principles and their application in the network design process

LO1 & 2

D1 Evaluate different implementations of link

aggregation using

EtherChannel to solve

bandwidth and load issues.

P1 Examine the network design models and

features of scalable networks based on a

given set of business needs.

P2 Discuss LAN redundancy, bandwidth and

load related issues and possible solutions with

reference to Layer 2 and Layer 3 of the OSI

Model.

M1 Analyse the switch and router redundancy

protocols and their effectiveness in supporting

scalable networks.

LO2 Implement a network using LAN design principles based on a predefined set of requirements

P3 Select LAN devices based on features and

requirements, and apply basic configuration

commands for network connectivity.

P4 Implement a LAN design with Layer 2

and Layer 3 redundancy using switch and

router redundancy protocols.

M2 Analyse different switch redundancy

protocols and their effectiveness in solving

redundancy issues.

M3 Analyse Layer 3 redundancy

implementations for IPv4 and IPv6.

Transport Network Design

3

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Download Link aggregation redundancy and more High school final essays Computer science in PDF only on Docsity!

P2 Discuss LAN redundancy, bandwidth and load related issues and possible solutions with reference to Layer 2 and Layer 3 of the OSI Model.
Introduce and analyse LAN redundancy, related issues and spanning tree protocols.
- Issues related to redundancy, spanning tree concepts, Spanning Tree
- Protocols.
- Examine link aggregation concepts and operations, configure link aggregation
- using EtherChannel technology.
- Tutor-led/facilitated group discussions and tutorials on redundant network design.
- Individual work: Examine redundant network designs.
Discuss and evaluate redundancy needs at router level.
- Individual work: Explore, investigate and compare router redundancy protocols. Objectives Transport Network Design Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria Pass Merit Distinction LO1 Explore LAN design principles and their application in the network design process LO1 & 2 D1 Evaluate different implementations of link aggregation using EtherChannel to solve bandwidth and load issues. P1 Examine the network design models and features of scalable networks based on a given set of business needs. P2 Discuss LAN redundancy, bandwidth and load related issues and possible solutions with reference to Layer 2 and Layer 3 of the OSI Model. M1 Analyse the switch and router redundancy protocols and their effectiveness in supporting scalable networks. LO2 Implement a network using LAN design principles based on a predefined set of requirements P3 Select LAN devices based on features and requirements, and apply basic configuration commands for network connectivity. P4 Implement a LAN design with Layer 2 and Layer 3 redundancy using switch and router redundancy protocols. M2 Analyse different switch redundancy protocols and their effectiveness in solving redundancy issues. M3 Analyse Layer 3 redundancy implementations for IPv4 and IPv6. Transport Network Design 3

Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria Pass Merit Distinction LO3 Produce an appropriate WAN solution to a set of organisational requirements LO3 & 4 D2 Evaluate troubleshooting methods and their effectiveness in solving enterprise-wide networking issues. P5 Examine WAN technologies and select the appropriate one for a set of enterprise requirements. P6 Configure WAN protocols as part of an enterprise network solution M4 Analyse the benefits and drawbacks of private and public WAN technologies. M5 Evaluate features and benefits of different VPN types based on organisational needs. LO4 Solve a range of network related problems using appropriate troubleshooting techniques and methods P7 Deploy network monitoring tools and troubleshooting methods to establish network baselines and produce network documentation. P8 Troubleshoot LAN and WAN connectivity issues at different networking layers. M6 Develop effective documentation of troubleshooting methods and steps based on a given scenario. Transport Network Design 4

Bandwidth & Link aggregation

Operation of link aggregation in a switched LAN environment.

EtherChannel technology.

Configure link aggregation to improve performance on high-traffic switch links.

Configure link aggregation with EtherChannel.

Verify and troubleshoot link aggregation with EtherChannel.

 EtherChannel Operation

 EtherChannel implemented by grouping multiple physical ports into one or more logical EtherChannel links.  Interface types cannot be mixed.  EtherChannel provides full-duplex bandwidth up to 800 Mb/s (Fast EtherChannel) or 8 Gb/s (Gigabit EtherChannel).  EtherChannel can consist of up to 16 compatibly-configured Ethernet ports.  The Cisco IOS switch currently supports six EtherChannels.  PAgP Modes

 Auto: Places a port into a passive

negotiating state, in which the port

responds to PAgP packets it receives

but does not start PAgP packet

negotiation.

 This setting minimizes the transmission of PAgP packets.  This mode is not supported when the EtherChannel members are from different switches in the switch stack (cross-stack EtherChannel).

 Desirable: Places a port into an active

negotiating state, in which the port

starts negotiations with other ports by

sending PAgP packets.

 This mode is not supported when the EtherChannel members are from different switches in the switch stack (cross-stack EtherChannel). Transport Network Design 9

 LACP Modes

 Active: Places a port into an active

negotiating state in which the port

starts negotiations with other ports by

sending LACP packets.

 Passive: Places a port into a passive

negotiating state in which the port

responds to LACP packets that it

receives, but does not start LACP

packet negotiation. This setting

minimizes the transmission of LACP

packets.

 The on mode can be useful if the remote device does not support PAgP or LACP.

 EtherChannel must be supported.

 Speed and duplex must match.

 VLAN match – All interfaces are in the same VLAN.

 Range of VLAN – Same range on all interfaces.

First-Hop Redundancy Protocols

such as HSRP, VRRP, and GLBP provide alternate

default gateways for hosts in the switched

environment.

 Concept of First-Hop Redundancy Protocols

 If the default gateway cannot be reached, the

local device is unable to send packets off the

local network segment.

 Even if a redundant router exists that could

serve as a default gateway for that segment,

there is no dynamic method by which these

devices can determine the address of a new

default gateway.

Steps for Router Failover

 Redundancy at layer 3

 Multiple routers are configured to work

together to present the illusion of a single router

to the hosts on the LAN.

 The ability of a network to dynamically recover

from the failure of a device acting as a default

gateway is known as first-hop redundancy.

 First-Hop Redundancy Protocols

 Varieties of First-Hop Redundancy Protocols

 Hot Standby Router Protocol ( HSRP ) HSRP for IPv  Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol version 2 ( VRRP v2) VRRPv  Gateway Load Balancing Protocol ( GLBP ) GLBP for IPv  ICMP Router Discovery Protocol ( IRDP )

 1 Transport Network Design 21

Command Purpose

configure terminal Enter global configuration mode.

interface interface-id Enter interface configuration mode, and enter the Layer 3 interface on which you

want to enable HSRP.

standby version { 1 | 2 } (Optional) Configure the HSRP version on the interface.

Select HSRPv1.
Select HSRPv2.

Omitting this command, the interface runs the default HSRP, (HSRP v1)

standby [ group-number ] ip [ ip-

address [ secondary ]]

Create (or enable) the HSRP group using its number and virtual IP address.

(Optional) group-number —The group number on the interface for which HSRP

is being enabled. The range is 0 to 255; the default is 0. If there is only one HSRP

group, you do not need to enter a group number.

(Optional on all but one interface) ip-address —The virtual IP address of the hot

standby router interface. You must enter the virtual IP address for at least one of

the interfaces; it can be learned on the other interfaces.

(Optional) secondary —The IP address is a secondary hot standby router

interface. If neither router is designated as a secondary or standby router and no

priorities are set, the primary IP addresses are compared and the higher IP address

is the active router, with the next highest as the standby router.

 To verify the configuration

 Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) is a Cisco proprietary solution to allow automatic

selection and simultaneous use of multiple available gateways in addition to automatic failover

between those gateways.

 GLBP provides automatic device backup for IP hosts configured with a single default gateway on an IEEE 802. LAN. Multiple first-hop devices on the LAN combine to offer a single virtual first-hop IP device while sharing the IP packet forwarding load.  The advantage of GLBP is that it additionally provides load balancing over multiple devices (gateways) using a single virtual IP address and multiple virtual MAC addresses. The forwarding load is shared among all devices in a GLBP group rather than being handled by a single device while the other devices stand idle.  Each host is configured with the same virtual IP address, and all devices in the virtual device group participate in forwarding packets.  GLBP members communicate between each other through hello messages sent every 3 seconds to the multicast address 224.0.0.102, UDP port 3222 (source and destination). Transport Network Design 24 Command or Action Purpose enable Example: Device> enable Enables privileged EXEC mode.

Enter your password if prompted. configure terminal Example: Device# configure terminal Enters global configuration mode. interface type number Example: ip address ip-address mask [secondary] Example: Device(config-if)# ip address 10.21.8. 255.255.255. Specifies an interface type and number, and enters interface configuration mode. Specifies a primary or secondary IP address for an interface. glbp group ip [ip-address [secondary]] Example: Device(config-if)# glbp 10 ip 10.21.8. Enables GLBP on an interface and identifies the primary IP address of the virtual gateway.
After you identify a primary IP address, you can use the glbp group ip command again with the secondary keyword to indicate additional IP addresses supported by this group. example Enabling GLBP Configuration In the following example, the device is configured to enable GLBP, and the virtual IP address of 10.21.8.10 is specified for GLBP group 10: Device(config)# interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/ Device(config-if)# ip address 10.21.8.32 255.255.255. Device(config-if)# glbp 10 ip 10.21.8.

Link aggregation redundancy, High school final essays of Computer science

Related documents

Partial preview of the text

Download Link aggregation redundancy and more High school final essays Computer science in PDF only on Docsity!

Bandwidth & Link aggregation

Operation of link aggregation in a switched LAN environment.

EtherChannel technology.

Configure link aggregation to improve performance on high-traffic switch links.

Configure link aggregation with EtherChannel.

Verify and troubleshoot link aggregation with EtherChannel.

 EtherChannel Operation

 Auto: Places a port into a passive

negotiating state, in which the port

responds to PAgP packets it receives

but does not start PAgP packet

negotiation.

 Desirable: Places a port into an active

negotiating state, in which the port

starts negotiations with other ports by

sending PAgP packets.

 Active: Places a port into an active

negotiating state in which the port

starts negotiations with other ports by

sending LACP packets.

 Passive: Places a port into a passive

negotiating state in which the port

responds to LACP packets that it

receives, but does not start LACP

packet negotiation. This setting

minimizes the transmission of LACP

packets.

 EtherChannel must be supported.

 Speed and duplex must match.

 VLAN match – All interfaces are in the same VLAN.

 Range of VLAN – Same range on all interfaces.

First-Hop Redundancy Protocols

such as HSRP, VRRP, and GLBP provide alternate

default gateways for hosts in the switched

environment.

 Concept of First-Hop Redundancy Protocols

 If the default gateway cannot be reached, the

local device is unable to send packets off the

local network segment.

 Even if a redundant router exists that could

serve as a default gateway for that segment,

there is no dynamic method by which these

devices can determine the address of a new

default gateway.

Steps for Router Failover

 Redundancy at layer 3

 Multiple routers are configured to work

together to present the illusion of a single router

to the hosts on the LAN.

 The ability of a network to dynamically recover

from the failure of a device acting as a default

gateway is known as first-hop redundancy.

 First-Hop Redundancy Protocols

 Varieties of First-Hop Redundancy Protocols

Command Purpose

configure terminal Enter global configuration mode.

interface interface-id Enter interface configuration mode, and enter the Layer 3 interface on which you

want to enable HSRP.

standby version { 1 | 2 } (Optional) Configure the HSRP version on the interface.

Omitting this command, the interface runs the default HSRP, (HSRP v1)

standby [ group-number ] ip [ ip-

address [ secondary ]]

Create (or enable) the HSRP group using its number and virtual IP address.

is being enabled. The range is 0 to 255; the default is 0. If there is only one HSRP

group, you do not need to enter a group number.

standby router interface. You must enter the virtual IP address for at least one of

the interfaces; it can be learned on the other interfaces.

interface. If neither router is designated as a secondary or standby router and no

priorities are set, the primary IP addresses are compared and the higher IP address

is the active router, with the next highest as the standby router.

 To verify the configuration

 Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) is a Cisco proprietary solution to allow automatic

selection and simultaneous use of multiple available gateways in addition to automatic failover

between those gateways.

Books

Dean, T., 2009. CompTIA Network+ 2009 in Depth. Boston: Course Technology.