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Making Graphs in SigmaPlot - Research and Teaching Methods - Lab, Study notes of Research Methodology

Indian Institute of Space Science and TechnologyResearch Methodology

The goal of this course is to pass on to new graduate students fundamentals of graduate research with an emphasis on biological systems engineering, and, college instruction. Keywords in this lab manual are: Making Graphs in Sigmaplot, Tutorial, Scientific Graphs, Sigmaplot, Hydraulic Conductivity, Water Content Plot, Flexibility and Power

Typology: Study notes

2012/2013

Uploaded on 10/03/2013

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Making Graphs in SigmaPlot
1. Tutorial
This simple example helps to guide you through the basic steps you would need to take in order to make
a proper graph in SigmaPlot. The task is to make a line-and-symbol plot using the following paired data
512
717
819
921
Follow these steps:
• Open SigmaPlot and note the data and notebook summary windows
• Input the data into the first two columns (Note: you can add column headings)
• Click Graph and then Create Graph
• Choose Line and Scatter Plot and then Simple Straight Line
• Choose XY Pair and define X and Y
• Select the graph and click Format, note that you can define the size and position of the graph by
specifying the values of Top, Left, Width and Height; you can also re-size and re-position a
graph by simply dragging it to any location, and dragging the cursor arrows to any direction
• Make changes to Y-axis: click Graph and then Graph Properties (Note: Graph Properties is
perhaps where you will spend most of the time in any future use of SigmaPlot to make a graph,
so enjoy working with it and learn to appreciate its great flexibility and power); Click Axes
!First, rename the title of Y-axis to Temperature and note the many options you can choose
in terms of text font, size, color, relative position, and orientation
!Change the scale with a start value of 0 and end value of 40
!Change the Ticks from Automatic to Manual with a Major Tick of 5 starting from 0
!Change the Tick Label Precision from Automatic to Manual with 2 decimal places
• Similarly, make changes to X-axis by changing the title to Day, and scale to from 0 to 10, with
a major tick of 1
• Make changes to the plot: click Plots under Graph Properties
!Change the Symbols Type to square and Symbols Size to 0.06 in
!Change the Lines Thickness to 0.020 in, Shape to spline, and Color to green
• Make changes to the title and legend: click Title and Legend under Graph Properties
!Give a title “Fig. 1. Observed Temperature”
!Un-check “Framed in box” under Legend Box
• Close the Graph Properties window and drag the title and legend to appropriate positions
• Print out the figure and find the things you do not like about this figure so that you can make
improvement the next time
Congratulations! You are now towards becoming an expert in making scientific graphs.
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Download Making Graphs in SigmaPlot - Research and Teaching Methods - Lab and more Study notes Research Methodology in PDF only on Docsity!

Making Graphs in SigmaPlot

1. Tutorial

This simple example helps to guide you through the basic steps you would need to take in order to make a proper graph in SigmaPlot. The task is to make a line-and-symbol plot using the following paired data

5 12 7 17 8 19 9 21

Follow these steps:

  • Open SigmaPlot and note the data and notebook summary windows
  • Input the data into the first two columns ( Note: you can add column headings )
  • Click Graph and then Create Graph
  • Choose Line and Scatter Plot and then Simple Straight Line
  • Choose XY Pair and define X and Y
  • Select the graph and click Format, note that you can define the size and position of the graph by specifying the values of Top, Left, Width and Height; you can also re-size and re-position a graph by simply dragging it to any location, and dragging the cursor arrows to any direction
  • Make changes to Y-axis: click Graph and then Graph Properties ( Note: Graph Properties is perhaps where you will spend most of the time in any future use of SigmaPlot to make a graph, so enjoy working with it and learn to appreciate its great flexibility and power ); Click Axes

! First, rename the title of Y-axis to Temperature and note the many options you can choose in terms of text font, size, color, relative position, and orientation ! Change the scale with a start value of 0 and end value of 40 ! Change the Ticks from Automatic to Manual with a Major Tick of 5 starting from 0 ! Change the Tick Label Precision from Automatic to Manual with 2 decimal places

  • Similarly, make changes to X-axis by changing the title to Day, and scale to from 0 to 10, with a major tick of 1
  • Make changes to the plot: click Plots under Graph Properties

! Change the Symbols Type to square and Symbols Size to 0.06 in ! Change the Lines Thickness to 0.020 in, Shape to spline, and Color to green

  • Make changes to the title and legend: click Title and Legend under Graph Properties

! Give a title “Fig. 1. Observed Temperature” ! Un-check “Framed in box” under Legend Box

  • Close the Graph Properties window and drag the title and legend to appropriate positions
  • Print out the figure and find the things you do not like about this figure so that you can make improvement the next time

Congratulations! You are now towards becoming an expert in making scientific graphs.

2. Exercises

(1) Use the data given below and refer to the handout to make the well-known water release characteristic curve and the hydraulic conductivity vs. water content plot.

2 , cm^3 cm!^3 R, cm K , cm s!^1

0.049 14900000.0 2.08E! 17 0.097 398000.0 2.25E! 13 0.146 45600.0 5.84E! 11 0.194 10100.0 2.79E! 9 0.243 3060.0 5.96E! 8 0.291 1180.0 6.92E! 7 0.340 516.0 5.75E! 6 0.388 256.0 3.46E! 5 0.437 137.0 1.74E! 4 0.485 78.6 7.20E! 4

Tips: ! Carefully size the graph so that you will have space for the next exercise ! Use the prefix option under Axis/Label to add the “!” sign for tension R ! Use Add Plot to add the Ksat vs. 2 plot, and Use Add Axis to add the right-hand-side axis ! Note that both Y-axes have a log scale; also, you can use the Text tool to add text

(2) Use the data given below to make a graph that has a break on the Y-axis. This type of graphs helps to better illustrate details that would have otherwise not shown well with a full axis. Also, this graph should be positioned right below the one you have just made in (1) and have exactly the same size.

Hour Flow rate, m^3 s!^1

0 34. 2 36. 4 39. 6 38. 8 35. 10 34. 12 33. 14 4. 16 4. 18 4. 20 4. 22 4. 24 34. 26 35.

Tips: ! Use the options under Axes/Breaks for optimum presentation of the data. ! Leave sufficient space below this graph so that you would be able to place a figure caption—for this graph itself or for both graphs. ! In making scientific graphs in the future, try not to misuse or overuse colors. Do not use large-sized symbols to show better fitting or to disguise poor experimental results. Remember that journals usually reduce a figure in a manuscript to half of its size and so the smallest font sizes used in the figures in your draft manuscript should be around 12. ! You can make good figures by using an excellent software such as SigmaPlot relatively easily; however, to make a truly high-quality figure will still need much thought and effort!